Sex differences in the use of healthcare services among US adults with and without a cancer diagnosis

Burnside, Clinton; Hudson, Tamaro; Williams, Carla; Lawson, William B.; Laiyemo, Adeyinka O.

doi:10.5152/tud.2018.71205

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Interestingly, our study also found that the peak incidence of these conditions was generally higher for male cases than female cases when compared to their corresponding control groups. One possible explanation for this pattern could be that men are more likely to only seek care from the health-care system when they experience a serious health outcome compared to women who may access care more regularly [35][36][37][38]. Alcohol-related cancer was almost doubled among women with AUD and was five times higher among men with AUD compared to their matched controls 1 year prior to index date.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of alcohol use disorder on alcohol‐related cancers, diabetes, ischemic heart disease and death: a population‐based, matched cohort study

et al. 2021

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Background and aims High‐risk alcohol consumption is associated with compromised health. This study aimed to compare the incidence of alcohol‐related cancers, diabetes, ischemic heart disease (IHD) and mortality between those with and without an indication of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Design Retrospective, population‐based, matched cohort study using data from the Manitoba Population Research Data Repository. Rates were modeled using generalized linear models with either negative binomial distribution or Poisson distribution and a log offset of person‐years to account for each person's time to follow‐up. Setting Manitoba, Canada. Participants Individuals aged ≥ 12 years with a first indication of AUD (index date) between 1 April 1990 and 31 March 2015 were matched to five controls based on age, sex and geographical region at index. This study included 53 410 individuals with AUD and 264 857 matched controls. Measurements Adjusted rate ratios (aRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were determined for each outcome from 5 years prior to and 20 years after AUD detection. Findings Alcohol‐related cancers (aRR = 4.85, 95% CI = 3.88–6.07 and aRR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.35–2.53 for men and women, respectively), diabetes (aRR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.50–2.02 and aRR = 2.43, 95% CI = 2.20–2.68) and IHD (aRR = 3.59, 95% CI = 3.31–3.90 and aRR = 2.92, 95% CI = 2.50–3.41) peaked in the 1 year prior to index for those with AUD compared with matched controls. All‐cause mortality (aRR = 3.31, 95% CI = 3.09–3.55 and aRR =3.61, 95% CI = 3.21–4.04) was highest in the year of index and remained higher among cases compared with controls throughout the 20‐year follow‐up. Conclusion People with alcohol use disorder appear to have higher rates of adverse health outcomes in the year before alcohol use disorder recognition, and death at the time of alcohol use disorder recognition, compared with matched controls.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of alcohol use disorder on alcohol‐related cancers, diabetes, ischemic heart disease and death: a population‐based, matched cohort study

et al. 2021

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“…One important question raised by the current study is why females are significantly less likely to undergo PET at the time of diagnosis. Men are known to use health care less compared with women prior to a cancer diagnosis; however, after a diagnosis of cancer, their rate of health care use increases to equal that of women . Prior studies have found that women are less likely to undergo imaging during presentation for bladder cancer .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Men are known to use health care less compared with women prior to a cancer diagnosis; however, after a diagnosis of cancer, their rate of health care use increases to equal that of women. 24 Prior studies have found that women are less likely to undergo imaging during presentation for bladder cancer. 25 This is in contrast to a larger study that found that men were more likely to not undergo staging compared with women.…”

Section: Impact Of Pet Vs Mri Odds Ratio and 95% CLmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging at diagnosis impacts cancer‐specific survival among patients with cancer of the oropharynx

Morgan

Eguchi

Mueller

et al. 2019

Cancer

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Background The optimal imaging for the staging of oropharyngeal cancer is not well defined. Methods The linked Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)–Medicare database for 2006 through 2011 was used to compare patient characteristics and hospital region by the initial imaging modality used for patients with oropharyngeal cancer. The primary outcome was 3‐year cancer‐specific survival (CSS). Cox proportional hazards models were adjusted for imaging, age, sex, region, education, race, American Joint Committee on Cancer stage of disease, and treatment, which were examined using backward elimination. The authors also explored how initial imaging use varied by patient characteristics and hospital region. Results A total of 1765 patients underwent initial diagnostic imaging. Of those, approximately 11.4% (202 patients) received computed tomography (CT) alone as their initial imaging modality, 5.2% (91 patients) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without positron emission tomography (PET), and 83.3% (1472 patients) had initial imaging that included PET. The overall 3‐year CSS rate for the entire population was 63.7%. In the adjusted survival models compared by initial imaging modality, patients who underwent a PET examination were found to have higher survival than those who underwent CT alone or MRI, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.337 [95% CI, 1.001‐1.785; P = .0491]; and hazard ratio, 1.748 [95% CI, 1.2‐2.545; P = .0036]). Conclusions Among patients with oropharyngeal cancer, initial staging with PET imaging was associated with improved 3‐year CSS compared with initial staging with MRI or CT.

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“…In this theory, the structuring and behaviors of gender by social practices undermine the health of men and can inform decisions to seek medical attention when needed (Figure 2 , Point 4). Men, for example, are less likely than females to engage in sun‐protective options such as sunscreen or shade, visit physicians on a yearly basis, or self‐detect melanomas (Brady et al, 2000 ; Burnside et al, 2018 ; Holman et al, 2018 ). While this theory may contribute partly to sex differences in melanoma incidences, it does not necessarily account for differences in progression and survival after disease initiation (Figure 1B ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Let’s talk about sex: A biological variable in immune response against melanoma

Dakup

Greer

Gaddameedhi

2022

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res

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As science culture gravitates toward a more holistic inclusion of both males and females in research design, the outlining of sex differences and their respective intersections with disease physiology and pathophysiology should see reciprocal expansion. Melanoma skin cancer, for example, has observed a female advantage in incidence, mortality, and overall survival since the early 1970s. The exact biological mechanism of this trend, however, is unclear and further complicated by a layering of clinical variables such as skin phototype, age, and body mass index. In this perspective, we highlight epidemiological evidence of sex differences in melanoma and summarize the landscape of their potential origin. Among several biological hallmarks, we make a note of sex-specific immune profiles-along with divergent hormonal regulation, social practices, DNA damage and oxidative stress responses, body composition, genetic variants, and X-chromosome expression-as probable drivers of disparity in melanoma initiation and progression. This review further focuses the conversation of sex as an influencing factor in melanoma development and its potential implication for disease management and treatment strategies.Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, accounting for over 80% of skin cancer-related deaths but contributing to only 1% of cases (American Cancer Society, 2021). Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) remains a major risk factor and is implicated in about 86% of melanoma cases (Parkin et al., 2011). While UVR is mostly associated with initiation, biological sex is another less understood risk factor in melanomagenesis where males are at greater risk than females. The extent to which biological sex impacts melanoma disease initiation, progression, and patient survival/mortality is not clear and warrants further empirical research. Current limiting factors include a historical dearth of study frameworks evaluating both sexes, a lack of reliable models for investigating melanoma, and a prevalence of confounding clinical variables between biological sexes. A recent push by the National Institute of Health (in January 2016) to factor sex as a biological variable (SABV) into experimental designs is an appropriate first step toward alleviating these unknowns and will be discussed in greater detail toward the end of this review.Over the past four decades, epidemiological studies and cancer registries have reported distinct sex differences in melanoma incidence, progression, and survival. According to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program database from the National Cancer Institute, both males and females of Caucasian ethnicity showed a striking positive trend in melanoma incidence since 1975(Siegel et al., 2021. Male individuals experienced more intense rates of recorded incidence and mortality compared with females over the same 40-year timeframe (Figure 1A). Upon stratification for age, the trends in mortality did not change; however, females tended to have more frequent diagnosis of melanoma th...

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Sex differences in the use of healthcare services among US adults with and without a cancer diagnosis

Abstract: Men increase their healthcare utilization to that of women only after they receive diagnosis of cancer. Targeted interventions to promote utilization of preventive care services by men are needed to reduce the burden of chronic illnesses including cancer among men.

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

Association of alcohol use disorder on alcohol‐related cancers, diabetes, ischemic heart disease and death: a population‐based, matched cohort study

Association of alcohol use disorder on alcohol‐related cancers, diabetes, ischemic heart disease and death: a population‐based, matched cohort study

Imaging at diagnosis impacts cancer‐specific survival among patients with cancer of the oropharynx

Let’s talk about sex: A biological variable in immune response against melanoma

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