Sex hormone-binding globulin levels in middle-aged premenopausal women. Associations with visceral obesity and metabolic profile.

Tchernof, André; Toth, MJ; Poehlman, E. T.

doi:10.2337/diacare.22.11.1875

Cited by 73 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…Means 6 SD were reported for 66 subjects (36 white and 30 black women). Values for SHBG and TT were similar to other studies and within normal range (14,15). Figure 1 presents the relationship between two different measures of central obesity, SAT and VAT, with metabolic variables associated with CVD risk.…”

Section: Physical Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Studies have already shown that elevated androgens and low SHBG are related to metabolic variables associated with CVD risk (11)(12)(13). However, some studies have shown that upon controlling for VAT, the relationship between metabolic variables and SHBG and/or bioavailable testosterone is no longer found (14)(15)(16). Furthermore, others have postulated that it is the bioavailable testosterone that regulates VAT accumulation associated with CVD risk, and may even directly contribute to CVD risk (10,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Androgenic sex steroids contribute to metabolic risk beyond intra‐abdominal fat in overweight/obese black and white women

Perry

Wang

Goldberg

et al. 2013

Obesity

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Objective: To determine the independent contribution of androgenic sex hormones beyond visceral adipose tissue (VAT) on metabolic risk. Design and Methods: A cross-sectional evaluation of 66 (36 white and 30 black) premenopausal overweight/obese women using multiple regression analyses to determine the independent effects of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), total testosterone (TT), and free testosterone using the free androgen index (FAI) on metabolic variables above VAT. Results: SHBG contributed to the variance in insulin (P ¼ 0.003), insulin resistance using HOMA-IR (P ¼ 0.006), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 2 (P ¼ 0.029). TT contributed to the variance in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.001), total cholesterol (P ¼ 0.003), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P ¼ 0.003), and apolipoprotein B (P ¼ 0.004). FAI contributed to the variance in the greatest number of metabolic variables beyond VAT. There was also a significant race-FAI interaction for fasting glucose (P ¼ 0.013). A Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a significant relationship between FAI and glucose in white women (r ¼ 0.48, P ¼ 0.003) while showing no relationship in black women (r ¼ À0.01, P ¼ 0.941). Conclusions: Our study showed that androgenic sex steroids contributed significantly to the variance in metabolic variables associated with health risk. However, they do not provide sufficient information relevant to glucose status in black women.

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Section: Physical Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Androgenic sex steroids contribute to metabolic risk beyond intra‐abdominal fat in overweight/obese black and white women

Perry

Wang

Goldberg

et al. 2013

Obesity

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“…These women also have higher androgen activity (as reflected by the testosteroneto-SHBG ratio) than postmenopausal women with NGT (32). Because insulin inhibits SHBG secretion in the liver (33), the hyperinsulinemic state of women with IGT may be associated with a dyslipidemic profile through alterations in SHBG and the estrogen/androgen balance (34).…”

Section: Results -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deterioration of the Metabolic Risk Profile in Women

Pascot

Després²,

Lemieux³

et al. 2001

Diabetes Care

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OBJECTIVE -To determine whether the impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) state contributes to the deterioration of the metabolic profile in women after taking into account the contribution of visceral adipose tissue (AT) accumulation, as measured by computed tomography.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -We studied 203 women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and 46 women with IGT, defined as a glycemia between 7.8 and 11.1 mmol/l measured 2 h after a 75-g oral glucose load.RESULTS -Women with IGT were characterized by a higher visceral AT accumulation and by higher concentrations of fasting plasma glucose, insulin, and C-peptide as well as by higher plasma concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides, and apolipoprotein B (apoB) and by greater cholesterol-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio, reduced LDL peak particle size, lower HDL-cholesterol and HDL 2 -cholesterol concentrations, and higher blood pressure (P Ͻ 0.01) than women with NGT. When we matched 27 pairs of women for visceral AT and fat mass as well as for menopausal status, differences previously found in LDL-cholesterol, LDL peak particle size, HDLcholesterol, and HDL 2 -cholesterol concentrations as well as in the cholesterol-to-HDLcholesterol ratio and blood pressure were eliminated, whereas triglyceride concentrations remained significantly higher in women with IGT.CONCLUSIONS -A high visceral AT accumulation is a major factor involved in the deterioration of many metabolic variables in women with IGT, with the notable exception of triglyceride concentrations, which remained significantly different between women with NGT and women with IGT after adjustment for visceral fat. Diabetes Care 24:902-908, 2001

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“…26 On the other hand, low SHBG and high estrogen levels are associated with increased total and central adiposity in women. 20,[27][28][29] SHBG is a protein that binds primarily to steroids such as estrogen. As only the unbound steroid fraction is biologically active, SHBG may play an important role in both AAM and obesity through determining the amount of free estrogen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and environmental correlations between obesity phenotypes and age at menarche

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2006

Int J Obes

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Objective: To assess the extent that the genetic and environmental factors contribute to the phenotypic correlations between obesity traits and age at menarche (AAM), and also to examine the influence of AAM on obesity in both pre-and postmenopausal women. Methods: Five hundred and twelve pedigrees with 2667 Caucasian female subjects from two to four generations were recruited. Fat mass and lean mass (both in kg) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner. Body mass index (BMI) (kg/m 2 ) was calculated. We performed bivariate quantitative genetic analyses in the total sample containing 2667 Caucasian women. We also selected 206 unrelated premenopausal women and 140 unrelated postmenopausal women from the total sample, and computed the respective phenotypic correlation between obesity and AAM in these two subgroups. Results: For fat mass, lean mass and BMI, we detected their significant negative genetic correlations with AAM after adjustment for significant covariates, which were À0.3170 (Po0.001), À0.1721 (Po0.05) and À0.3665 (Po0.001), respectively. However, their environmental correlations with AAM were all nonsignificant (P40.05), ranging from À0.0016 to 0.0192. In the premenopausal subgroup, significant associations were observed between fat mass and AAM (r ¼ À0.231, Po0.01) as well as between BMI and AAM (r ¼ À0.257, Po0.01). In the postmenopausal subgroup, no such associations were observed. Conclusion: Our results for the first time suggested that significant phenotypic association between obesity phenotypes and AAM is mainly attributable to shared genetic rather than environmental factors, and AAM may have stronger effects on obesity phenotypes in pre-than in postmenopausal women.

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Sex hormone-binding globulin levels in middle-aged premenopausal women. Associations with visceral obesity and metabolic profile.

Abstract: Our results suggest that the previously reported relationship between low SHBG levels and increased metabolic disease risk in women is mediated, to a large extent, by concomitant variation in body fatness and intra-abdominal adipose tissue accumulation.

Cited by 73 publications

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Androgenic sex steroids contribute to metabolic risk beyond intra‐abdominal fat in overweight/obese black and white women

Androgenic sex steroids contribute to metabolic risk beyond intra‐abdominal fat in overweight/obese black and white women

Deterioration of the Metabolic Risk Profile in Women

Genetic and environmental correlations between obesity phenotypes and age at menarche

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