Sex Predictability by Using Mandibular Canine Index

Atreya, Alok; Shrestha, Rabin; Tuladhar, Lujaw Ratna; Nepal, Samata; Shrestha, Rajendra; Sah, Sanjay Kumar

doi:10.33314/jnhrc.v17i4.2187

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…39,40 However, when other authors tested the validity and applicability of the MCI in more diverse populations, they found much lower accuracy rates compared to the original authors. 41,42 Silva et al found low accuracy classification rates (54.2%) in using the MCI for sex estimation in their study of 120 subjects from a Portuguese sample, 41 while Atreya et al also reported lower accuracy rates (57.5-62.5%) of using the MCI for sex estimation in their study of 80 subjects from a Nepalese population. 42 Both groups of authors proposed for more population-specific studies and cautioned the application of the MCI in their ethnic populations for sex estimation.…”

Section: Incisor Index and Mandibular Canine Indexmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…41,42 Silva et al found low accuracy classification rates (54.2%) in using the MCI for sex estimation in their study of 120 subjects from a Portuguese sample, 41 while Atreya et al also reported lower accuracy rates (57.5-62.5%) of using the MCI for sex estimation in their study of 80 subjects from a Nepalese population. 42 Both groups of authors proposed for more population-specific studies and cautioned the application of the MCI in their ethnic populations for sex estimation. 41,42 Variations in tooth size and arch width size could vary amongst different populations, which would affect the MCI and render it less accurate for sex estimation.…”

Section: Incisor Index and Mandibular Canine Indexmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Forensic Dentistry as an Analysis Tool for Sex Estimation: A Review of Current Techniques

Heng¹,

Mânica²,

Franco³

2022

RRFMS

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Sex estimation is an integral part of the forensic human identification process. Determining the sex of an unknown deceased victim helps with the dental profiling process, as only missing persons of the same sex need to be considered for identification. Nowadays, methods that are commonly used in dental sex estimation have either low accuracy or reliability or require complex equipment or tools to perform. Forensic tools for dental sex determination can broadly be categorised into metric, non-metric, and biochemical methods. This paper provides an in-depth review into the existing methods for dental sex estimation and presents the strengths and limitations of each method. It will also briefly discuss prospective developments in the field of dental sex estimation.

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Section: Incisor Index and Mandibular Canine Indexmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Incisor Index and Mandibular Canine Indexmentioning

confidence: 93%

Forensic Dentistry as an Analysis Tool for Sex Estimation: A Review of Current Techniques

Heng¹,

Mânica²,

Franco³

2022

RRFMS

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“…The accuracy of the sex estimation by MCI was verified and, despite varying among studies, the minimum and maximum values found were, respectively, 20% (Anu et al 2018) and 87.5% (Rao et al 1989) for women and 40.6% (Jacob et al 2018) and 94% (Silva et al 2016) for men. The results found led some studies (Acharya et al 2011;Acharya and Mainali 2009;Atreya et al 2019;Gargano et al 2014;Hosmani et al 2013) to the conclusion that the canine mandibular index is not reliable for sex estimation, while others (Bakkannavar et al 2015;Dhakar et al 2012;Divyadharsini and Kumar 2019;Kaushal et al 2004;Kumawat et al 2017) guaranteed the applicability of this index in forensic practice.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The samples of the selected studies involved the population of some countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, and America, with the Indians being the most investigated (n = 37), and the sample size varied between 50 (Krishnan et al 2016;Muthukumar and Thenmozhi 2018) and 1000 (Gargano et al 2014;Jacob et al 2018) participants. The youngest individuals analyzed were 14 years old (Dhakar et al 2012;Duraiswamy et al 2009;Sherfudhin et al 1996); the most advanced age examined was 60 years old (Gargano et al 2014;Sassi et al 2012) and some studies (Atreya et al 2019;Muhamedagić and Sarajlić 2013;Muller et al 2001) did not inform the studied age group. Most of the selected studies analyzed only the right and left mandibular canines.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applicability of the mandibular canine index for sex estimation: a systematic review

Rocha

Pinto

Franco

et al. 2022

Egypt J Forensic Sci

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Background The Mandibular Canine Index (MCI) comprises a method of sex estimation by teeth that presents controversial results in the literature. Main body This systematic review aims to expose whether MCI can be used as a method of reliable sex estimation. A literature search was performed using the keywords “canine,” “sex,” “gender,” “determination,” “estimation,” “dimorphism,” “assessment,” “forensic” in the databases Pubmed, Scopus, Lilacs, Scielo, and Web of Science. In addition, manual searches were carried out on the reference lists of the selected articles to cover the largest number of articles of interest as possible. Studies that performed the measurements only on maxillary canines, scientific conferences abstract books, case reports and literature reviews were excluded. The assessment of methodological quality and risk of bias was carried out based on a checklist for cross-sectional studies and another for accuracy studies. Thus, 53 articles were selected, 13 of which were accurate and 40 were cross-sectional. All accuracy articles were assessed as low risk. Among cross-sectional articles, seven were considered to be of low risk, 31 of moderate risk, and two of high risk. The accuracy of the sex estimate by MCI was verified and, despite varying among studies, the minimum and maximum values found were, respectively, 20% and 87.5% for women and 40.6% and 94% for men. Conclusion The accuracy of the MCI was variable and should be used with caution and as an auxiliary method of sex estimation.

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“…Buccolingual distance was recorded as the greatest distance between the buccal and lingual surfaces of the crown [ 12 ]. Intercanine distance was measured between the tips of the maxillary canines [ 13 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Permanent Maxillary Odontometrics for Sex Estimation Based on a 3-Dimensional Digital Method

Liu

Wang

et al. 2021

Med Sci Monit

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Background In the field of forensic medicine, sex estimation is a critical step in personal identification. Teeth are the hardest tissue and have high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. In cases such as an airplane crash or the corpse of an unknown person, teeth often play a crucial role in identification. This study applied 3-dimensional technology to obtain odontometrics of permanent maxillary teeth and to examine the sexual dimorphism, finding suitable discriminant indicators to construct appropriate equations for sex estimation. Material/Methods A total of 204 participants (104 men and 100 women) from the Han population in Kashgar were included. Plaster models of their maxillary dentition were obtained to scan and measure through an accepted and commonly used 3-dimensional digital method. Descriptive statistics, t tests, and discriminant analyses were statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS 23.0 software. Results This study showed high intra- and interexaminer reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.950). There were statistically significant sex-related differences ( P <0.05), with male values generally being higher for buccolingual distance, mesiodistal distance, intercanine distance, crown area, crown module, crown index, and maxillary canine index. Compared with other measurements, mesiodistal distance and crown area indicator exhibited distinct sexual dimorphism. In addition, several appropriate equations were constructed through different discriminant analyses that could be used to estimate sex in our specific population. Conclusions Three-dimensional digital technology offers a promising method for odontometry. Combining mesiodistal distance and buccolingual distance of particular teeth or using maxillary canine index in discriminant functions are acceptable auxiliary tools for sex estimation in the forensic field.

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Sex Predictability by Using Mandibular Canine Index

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Forensic Dentistry as an Analysis Tool for Sex Estimation: A Review of Current Techniques

Forensic Dentistry as an Analysis Tool for Sex Estimation: A Review of Current Techniques

Applicability of the mandibular canine index for sex estimation: a systematic review

Permanent Maxillary Odontometrics for Sex Estimation Based on a 3-Dimensional Digital Method

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