Sex-specific differences in fetal growth in newborns exposed prenatally to traffic-related air pollution in the PELAGIE mother–child cohort (Brittany, France)

Bertin, Mélanie; Serrano, Tania; Monfort, Christine; Cordier, Sylvaine; Viel, Jean‐François

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2015.09.006

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Although some associations might be pure chance findings, these are not likely to explain the consistent and significant associations observed across the three pollutants. Other studies have reported prenatal exposure associated with a higher birth weight [10,12,59]. As for particles, this result may be due to the seasonality of PM, and so, if higher exposure during the 3rd trimester is deleterious to the birth weight, it may appear as an increase of exposure during the first trimester is associated with a higher birth weight (1st and 3rd trimester exposures were inversely correlated in our study).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Maternal Ambient Exposure to Atmospheric Pollutants during Pregnancy and Offspring Term Birth Weight in the Nationwide ELFE Cohort

Ouidir

Seyve

Rivière³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: Studies have reported associations between maternal exposure to atmospheric pollution and lower birth weight. However, the evidence is not consistent and uncertainties remain. We used advanced statistical approaches to robustly estimate the association of atmospheric pollutant exposure during specific pregnancy time windows with term birth weight (TBW) in a nationwide study. Methods: Among 13,334 women from the French Longitudinal Study of Children (ELFE) cohort, exposures to PM2.5, PM10 (particles < 2.5 µm and <10 µm) and NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) were estimated using a fine spatio-temporal exposure model. We used inverse probability scores and doubly robust methods in generalized additive models accounting for spatial autocorrelation to study the association of such exposures with TBW. Results: First trimester exposures were associated with an increased TBW. Second trimester exposures were associated with a decreased TBW by 17.1 g (95% CI, −26.8, −7.3) and by 18.0 g (−26.6, −9.4) for each 5 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and PM10, respectively, and by 15.9 g (−27.6, −4.2) for each 10 µg/m3 increase in NO2. Third trimester exposures (truncated at 37 gestational weeks) were associated with a decreased TBW by 48.1 g (−58.1, −38.0) for PM2.5, 38.1 g (−46.7, −29.6) for PM10 and 14.7 g (−25.3, −4.0) for NO2. Effects of pollutants on TBW were larger in rural areas. Conclusions: Our results support an adverse effect of air pollutant exposure on TBW. We highlighted a larger effect of air pollutants on TBW among women living in rural areas compared to women living in urban areas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Rural and urban areas are characterized by different levels and mixtures of air pollutants and different gradients in social deprivation [6,7]. However, most studies have focused on urban areas [8][9][10], with a few exceptions [11][12][13]. Urbanization level and social deprivation are also associated with birth weight [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Ambient Exposure to Atmospheric Pollutants during Pregnancy and Offspring Term Birth Weight in the Nationwide ELFE Cohort

Ouidir

Seyve

Rivière³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Between 98.7 and 99.5% of participants had complete covariate information for the multivariable models. We assessed for effect modification by child sex, based on prior data suggesting the possibility of sex-specific associations in relation to prenatal air pollution exposure (29, 30). We found no effect modification, so we present all results without stratification or inclusion of an interaction term for child sex.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Exposure to Traffic Pollution and Childhood Body Mass Index Trajectory

et al. 2019

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Background: Limited evidence suggests an association between prenatal exposure to traffic pollution and greater adiposity in childhood, but the time window during which growth may be most affected is not known.Methods: We studied 1,649 children in Project Viva, a Boston-area pre-birth cohort. We used spatiotemporal models to estimate prenatal residential air pollution exposures and geographic information systems to estimate neighborhood traffic density and roadway proximity. We used weight and stature measurements at clinical and research visits to estimate a BMI trajectory for each child with mixed-effects natural cubic spline models. In primary analyses, we examined associations of residential PM2.5 and black carbon (BC) exposures during the third trimester and neighborhood traffic density and home roadway proximity at birth address with (1) estimated BMI at 6 month intervals through 10 years of age, (2) magnitude and timing of BMI peak and rebound, and (3) overall BMI trajectory. In secondary analyses, we examined associations of residential PM2.5 and BC exposures during the first and second trimesters with BMI outcomes.Results: Median (interquartile range; IQR) concentration of residential air pollution during the third trimester was 11.4 (1.7) μg/m3 for PM2.5 and 0.7 (0.3) μg/m3 for BC. Participants had a median (IQR) of 13 (7) clinical or research BMI measures from 0 to 10 years of age. None of the traffic pollution exposures were significantly associated with any of the BMI outcomes in covariate-adjusted models, although effect estimates were in the hypothesized direction for neighborhood traffic density and home roadway proximity. For example, greater neighborhood traffic density [median (IQR) 857 (1,452) vehicles/day x km of road within 100 m of residential address at delivery] was associated with a higher BMI throughout childhood, with the strongest associations in early childhood [e.g., per IQR increment natural log-transformed neighborhood traffic density, BMI at 12 months of age was 0.05 (−0.03, 0.13) kg/m2 higher and infancy peak BMI was 0.05 (−0.03, 0.14) kg/m2 higher].Conclusions: We found no evidence for a persistent effect of prenatal exposure to traffic pollution on BMI trajectory from birth through mid-childhood in a population exposed to modest levels of air pollution.

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“…2017; Wilhelm et al. 2017), and previous research suggests boys and girls have differential susceptibility to prenatal air pollution exposure (Bertin et al. 2015; Brunst et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Prenatal Exposure to PM2.5 and Cardiac Vagal Tone during Infancy: Findings from a Multiethnic Birth Cohort

Cowell

Brunst

Malin

et al. 2019

Environ Health Perspect

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Background:The autonomic nervous system plays a key role in maintaining homeostasis and responding to external stimuli. In adults, exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been associated with reduced heart rate variability (HRV), an indicator of cardiac autonomic control.Objectives:Our goal was to investigate the associations of exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) with HRV as an indicator of cardiac autonomic control during early development.Methods:We studied 237 maternal–infant pairs in a Boston-based birth cohort. We estimated daily residential PM2.5 using satellite data in combination with land-use regression predictors. In infants at 6 months of age, we measured parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity using continuous electrocardiogram monitoring during the Repeated Still-Face Paradigm, an experimental protocol designed to elicit autonomic reactivity in response to maternal interaction and disengagement. We used multivariable linear regression to examine average PM2.5 exposure across pregnancy in relation to PNS withdrawal and activation, indexed by changes in respiration-corrected respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSAnormalc)—an established metric of HRV that reflects cardiac vagal tone. We examined interactions with infant sex using cross-product terms.Results:In adjusted models we found that a 1-unit increase in PM2.5 (in micrograms per cubic meter) was associated with a 3.53% decrease in baseline RSAnormalc (95% CI: −6.96, 0.02). In models examining RSAnormalc change between episodes, higher PM2.5 was generally associated with reduced PNS withdrawal during stress and reduced PNS activation during recovery; however, these associations were not statistically significant. We did not observe a significant interaction between PM2.5 and sex.Discussion:Prenatal exposure to PM2.5 may disrupt cardiac vagal tone during infancy. Future research is needed to replicate these preliminary findings. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4434

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Sex-specific differences in fetal growth in newborns exposed prenatally to traffic-related air pollution in the PELAGIE mother–child cohort (Brittany, France)

Cited by 15 publications

References 58 publications

Maternal Ambient Exposure to Atmospheric Pollutants during Pregnancy and Offspring Term Birth Weight in the Nationwide ELFE Cohort

Maternal Ambient Exposure to Atmospheric Pollutants during Pregnancy and Offspring Term Birth Weight in the Nationwide ELFE Cohort

Prenatal Exposure to Traffic Pollution and Childhood Body Mass Index Trajectory

Prenatal Exposure to PM2.5 and Cardiac Vagal Tone during Infancy: Findings from a Multiethnic Birth Cohort

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