Sexual behavior of donkey jacks: Influence of ejaculatory frequency and season

Gastal, M.O.; Henry, M.; Beker, A.; Gastal, E.L.; Gonçalves, A. A.

doi:10.1016/0093-691x(96)00211-7

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Semen is then collected by rapid intervention with an artificial vagina as soon as the jack mounts a jenny with an erection. Gastal et al (1996) reported a similar system where just one oestrous jenny and one jack are turned out free in a small paddock (20 m 2 ), and semen is similarly collected by rapid intervention with an artificial vagina as soon as the jack is seen to mount the jenny with a complete erection. This method, though quite reliable, still involves a long reaction latency that can be problematic on busy studs.…”

Section: Adjacent Paddocks To Encourage Jack Sexual Behaviour a Restmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for the management of donkey jacks in intensive breeding systems

Canisso

Morel

McDonnell

2009

Equine Veterinary Education

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Canisso, I. F., Davies Morel, M.C.G., McDonnell, S. (2009). Strategies for the management of donkey jacks in intensive breeding systems. Equine Veterinary Education, 21 (12), 652-659. IMPF: 00.48 RONO: 00Donkeys are bred throughout the world and often play an important role in agriculture. They are also bred to produce mules. Traditionally, jacks are considered challenging to breed in domestic conditions, whether for natural breeding or semen collection using either jennies or mares. The donkey's natural sexual behaviour significantly differs from that of other domestic animals. This presents challenges for in-hand donkey breeding, particularly on mule studs where normally only jacks and mares are kept for breeding. This article describes some of the authors' observations on sexual behaviour in donkeys and practical experience of some of the strategies employed to apply this knowledge to breeding management, in order to improve the success of using donkeys for both natural service and semen collection.Peer reviewe

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Section: Adjacent Paddocks To Encourage Jack Sexual Behaviour a Restmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for the management of donkey jacks in intensive breeding systems

Canisso

Morel

McDonnell

2009

Equine Veterinary Education

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“…They were donated by the Brazilian Pêga Donkey Association and were being utilized as breeders. Although reproduction in this species is not seasonal [19,20], the animals were orchiectomized during the equinebreeding period, which is from September to February in the southern hemisphere. All mules investigated were offspring of Pêga donkeys, and six of nine were fathered by the same jack.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Testis Morphometry and Seminiferous Epithelium Cycle Length in Donkeys and Mules1

Neves

Chiarini-Garcia

França

2002

Biology of Reproduction

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The mule (Equus mulus mulus) is a sterile hybrid domestic animal that results from the breeding of a male donkey (Equus asinus) to a female horse (Equus caballus). Usually, spermatogenesis in mules does not advance beyond spermatocytes. In the present study, we performed a comparative and more accurate morphometric and functional investigation of the testis in donkeys and mules. Due to the smaller testis size, lower seminiferous tubule volume density, and fewer germ cells, the total length of seminiferous tubules in mules was significantly smaller than in donkeys. However, the percentage of seminiferous tubules containing germ cells (spermatogonia and spermatocytes) in mules was approximately 95%. The total number of Sertoli cells per testis observed in donkeys and mules was very similar. However, the total number of Leydig cells in mules was approximately 70% lower than in donkeys. At least in part, this difference was probably related to the lower number of germ cells present in mule seminiferous tubules. Although spermatogenesis in mules did not advance beyond secondary spermatocytes/newly formed round spermatids, germ cell associations in the seminiferous epithelium and pachytene spermatocytes nuclear volume in donkeys and mules were similar. The duration of spermatogenesis was estimated using intratesticular injections of tritiated thymidine. Each spermatogenic cycle in donkeys lasted 10.5 days. A similar value was found in mules ( approximately 10.1 days). Considering that the entire spermatogenic process takes approximately 4.5 cycles to be completed, its total duration in donkeys was estimated to last 47.2 days. The results found for mules suggest that the mechanisms involved in the determination of testis structure and function are probably originated from donkeys. Also, the data found for mules suggest that their seminiferous tubules are able to sustain complete spermatogenesis. In this regard, this species is a potential model for transplants of germ cells originated from donkeys and horses or other large animals.

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“…Donkey species are bred around the world, and there is a particular interest for the production of hybrids in many countries [1][2][3]. The resulting hybrid of the mating of a horse (Equus caballus) with a donkey (Equus asinus) results in highly desirable products that combine the best features of the two species in a single animal [2], which has great physical strength and required strength for animal traction [1,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to improve the fertility of fresh and frozen donkey semen

Oliveira

Oña

et al. 2016

Theriogenology

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Fertility rates of donkey semen in jennies are lower compared to mares. The aims of this study were to evaluate different sperm cryopreservation methods and insemination strategies to improve the fertility of donkey semen in jennies. Three experiments were performed: (1) the comparison of two freezing methods of donkey semen (conventional method and automated method); (2) the determination of a suitable insemination dose of fresh donkey semen for jennies and mares; and (3) the influence of the semen deposition site on fertility of jennies inseminated with frozen donkey semen. For experiment 1, no differences were observed in total motility, angular velocity, curvilinear velocity, straight-line velocity, and plasma membrane integrity between samples frozen with the conventional (Styrofoam box) and the automated method (TK 4000C). However, the automated method provided higher values of progressive motility and rapid cells in frozen-thawed samples in comparison with the conventional method (P < 0.05). For experiment 2, mares were bred using 500 × 10(6) fresh sperm (M); and jennies using 1 × 10(9) (J1) or 500 × 10(6) fresh sperm (J5). Pregnancy rates in M, J1, and J5 were 93% (14/15), 73% (11/15), and 40% (6/15), respectively. When using different insemination doses, 500 × 10(6) or 1 × 10(9) sperm, no significant difference was observed in pregnancy rates of mares (M, 14/15) and jennies (J1, 11/15). Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the two insemination doses in jennies. However, with an insemination dose of 500 × 10(6) fresh sperm, the pregnancy rates were significantly higher in mares (M, 14/15) than in jennies (J5, 6/15; P < 0.05). For experiment 3, the inseminations were carried out in the uterine body (UB) or in the uterine horn of jennies with frozen-thawed donkey semen. No pregnancies were achieved with inseminations performed in the UB (0/12). The pregnancy rate for uterine horn group was 28.26% (13/46) and thus significantly higher than the UB group (0%; 0/12; P < 0.05). In conclusion, the automated method showed higher values on progressive motility and rapid cells parameters compared to the conventional method and can be used as an alternative for freezing donkey semen. The increase in the number of sperm cells per insemination dose using fresh donkey semen improved the fertility rates in jennies. The deep horn inseminations using frozen-thawed donkey semen increased the pregnancy rate in jennies, and the multiple inseminations may be an option to improve the fertility rates of donkey semen in jennies.

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Sexual behavior of donkey jacks: Influence of ejaculatory frequency and season

Cited by 29 publications

References 7 publications

Strategies for the management of donkey jacks in intensive breeding systems

Strategies for the management of donkey jacks in intensive breeding systems

Comparative Testis Morphometry and Seminiferous Epithelium Cycle Length in Donkeys and Mules1

Strategies to improve the fertility of fresh and frozen donkey semen

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