Sexual behaviours, perception of risk of HIV infection, and factors associated with attending HIV post-test counselling in Ethiopia

Sahlu, T.; Kassa, Eyuel; Agonafer, T.; Tsegaye, Aster; Wit, Tobias F. Rinke de; Gebremariam, Hadush; Doorly, Ronan; Spijkerman, Ingrid J. B.; Yeneneh, H; Coutinho, Roel A.; Fontanet, Arnaud

doi:10.1097/00002030-199907090-00017

Cited by 43 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Although the majority of the young people had received life skills or life orientation education and had higher levels of education, they still engaged in risky sexual behaviour, and did not use the skills and knowledge gained to prevent exposure to HIV and STI. There were similarities with the results of a study conducted by SahluKassa, Agonafer, Tsegaye, De Wit, Gebremariam et al (1999Gebremariam et al ( :1271, which showed that men who had good knowledge of HIV and its transmission still engaged in risky sexual behaviour, despite the knowledge and skills gained.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Sexual risk behaviour amongst young people in the Vhembe district of the Limpopo province, South Africa

Maluleke

2010

Health SA Gesondheid

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This study entailed a quantitative, cross-sectional survey amongst young people in four villages of the Vhembe district of the Limpopo province. The purpose of the research was to determine the sexual health risk behaviour indicators prevalent amongst young people that could contribute to the spread of HIV and AIDS in this district. The objectives of this study were (1) to identify sexual risk behaviour, (2) to establish the prevalence of substance use before sexual intercourse, (3) to determine the prevalence of coerced sexual intercourse and (4) to determine the prevalence of forced sexual intercourse amongst young people in the Vhembe district.Purposive sampling was used to select the four villages that participated in the study and simple,random sampling was used to select the respondents. A total of 400 respondents participated in the study, 227 of which were female and 173 were male. The following sexual risk behaviour indicators were identified (1) early sexual debut, (2) teenage pregnancy and (3) early marriage. It was found that young people expose themselves to sexual intercourse without condoms, and that they are likely to have sexual intercourse without a condom in return for reward, and to have sexual intercourse with a famous person. Approximately 20% of the sexually active respondents had used substances before sexual intercourse. Alcohol and marijuana (‘dagga’) were most commonly used amongst those respondents taking substances before sexual intercourse, and these were used predominantly in coerced and forced sexual intercourse.OpsommingDie studie was ’n kwantitatiewe, deursnee-opname wat onder jongmense in vier dorpies in die Vhembe-distrik van die Limpopo-provinsie uitgevoer is. Die doel van die navorsing was om vas te stel watter aanwysers van risikogedrag ten opsigte van seksuele gesondheid onder die jongmense voorkom wat moontlik tot die verspreiding van MIV en vigs in hierdie distrik bydra. Die doelstellings van hierdie studie was om (1) seksuele risikogedrag te identifiseer, (2) die voorkoms van middelgebruik voor seksuele omgang te bepaal, (3) die voorkoms van gedwonge seksuele omgang en (4) die voorkoms van geforseerde seksuele omgang onder jongmense in die Vhembedistrik te bepaal.Doelgerigte steekproefneming is gebruik om die vier dorpies wat aan die studie deelgeneem het, te selekteer en eenvoudige ewekansige steekproefneming is gebruik om die respondente te selekteer.’n Totaal van 400 respondente het aan die studie deelgeneem, waarvan 227 vroulik en 173 manlik was. Die volgende aanwysers van seksuele risikogedrag is geïdentifiseer (1) vroeë seksuele debuut,(2) tienerswangerskap en (3) vroeë huwelik. Daar is gevind dat jongmense hulself aan seksuele omgang sonder kondome blootstel, en dat hulle waarskynlik seksuele omgang sonder ’n kondoom sal hê in ruil vir vergoeding en seksuele omgang met ’n bek...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Sexual risk behaviour amongst young people in the Vhembe district of the Limpopo province, South Africa

Maluleke

2010

Health SA Gesondheid

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“…11 In Ethiopia, a cohort study of factory workers with a high prevalence of HIV reported high-risk sexual behavior and low condom use, even though the majority mentioned condom use as the best way to prevent HIV. 12 A study using 1998 Kenyan DHS data reported that the odds of having risky sexual behavior were more than tripled among men and women who perceived their risk of HIV/AIDS as high, and found no association between knowledge of HIV transmission and sexual behavior. 13 The relationship between perception of risk and sexual behavior is complex and poorly understood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between HIV Risk Perception and Condom Use: Evidence from a Population-Based Survey in Mozambique

Prata

Morris²,

Mazive³

et al. 2006

IFPP

129

102

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CONTEXT: The relationship between individuals' perception of their risk for acquiring HIV and their use of condoms is poorly understood. Understanding this relationship is crucial to the development of effective strategies to fight HIV and AIDS. METHODS: Data from the Mozambique 2001 Adolescent and Young Adult Reproductive Health and Behavior Risk Survey are used to compare 15-24-year-olds' assessments of their HIV risk with assessments based on current and past sexual behavior. In bivariate and probit regression analyses, the relationship between correct risk assessment and the likelihood of condom use at last intercourse is examined. RESULTS: Twenty-seven percent of women and 80% of men who considered themselves to have no risk or a small risk of contracting HIV were actually at moderate or high risk. For both men and women, the prevalence of condom use at last sex was more than twice as high among those who assessed their risk correctly (30% and 16%, respectively) as among those who did not (14% and 6%). Multivariate analysis showed that correct assessment was positively associated with condom use; the association was driven by use among never-married individuals. Never-married males who assessed their risk correctly were 18% more likely than other males to report condom use; never-married females, 17% more likely than other females. CONCLUSIONS: Educational messages should aim at enabling individuals to correctly assess their own HIV risk and encouraging behavior change based on self-assessment of risk.International Family Planning Perspectives, 2006, 32(4):192-200 dividual's awareness of the consequences of HIV/AIDS and may lead to safer sexual practices.Other studies have reported a lack of association between HIV/AIDS knowledge and sexual behavior. In a survey of almost 1,500 Rwandan women, the vast majority had correct knowledge of HIV transmission, but only a small proportion had adopted any protective behavior in the last year. 10 Sexually active students in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania, who knew that condom use prevents HIV infection had a reduced likelihood of always using condoms. 11 In Ethiopia, a cohort study of factory workers with a high prevalence of HIV reported high-risk sexual behavior and low condom use, even though the majority mentioned condom use as the best way to prevent HIV. 12 A study using 1998 Kenyan DHS data reported that the odds of having risky sexual behavior were more than tripled among men and women who perceived their risk of HIV/AIDS as high, and found no association between knowledge of HIV transmission and sexual behavior. 13 The relationship between perception of risk and sexual behavior is complex and poorly understood. Studies conducted in different cultures have associated HIV risk perception with a wide range of variables: number of sexual partners, knowledge of sexual partners' past sexual behavior, fear of AIDS, shame associated with having AIDS, community perception of AIDS risk, knowing someone with AIDS, discussing AIDS at home, closeness of parent-child relation...

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“…The cohort was formed to study the natural history of HIV-1 infection in Ethiopia and has been described elsewhere (34,35). Blood was collected using EDTA anticoagulant as required for routine viral load determination using the NucliSENS HIV-1 QT assay (bioMérieux, Boxtel, The Netherlands).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Dried Spots of Whole Blood, Plasma, and Mother's Milk Collected on Filter Paper for Measurement of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Burden

Ayele¹,

Schuurman

Messele³

et al. 2007

J Clin Microbiol

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We studied the use of dried spots of bodily fluids (plasma, whole blood, and mother's milk) on filter paper as a means of sample collection and storage for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viral load testing under stringent field conditions. Plasma placed directly in lysis buffer, which is customarily used for viral load assays, was used for comparison in all our experiments. Utilizing reconstruction experiments, we demonstrate no statistical differences between viral loads determined for plasma and mother's milk spotted on filter paper and those for the same fluids placed directly in lysis buffer. We found that the addition of whole blood directly to lysis buffer was unreliable and could not be considered a feasible option. However, viral load measurements for whole blood spotted onto filter paper correlated with plasma viral load values for both filter spots and lysis buffer (Pearson correlation coefficients, 0.7706 and 0.8155, respectively). In conclusion, dried spots of plasma, whole blood, or mother's milk provide a feasible means for the collection, storage, and shipment of samples for subsequent viral load measurement and monitoring. Virus material spotted and dried on filter paper is a good inexpensive alternative for collecting patient material to monitor the HIV-1 viral load. Measuring the HIV-1 burden from whole blood dried on filter paper provides a suitable alternative for low-technology settings with limited access to refrigeration, as can be found in sub-Saharan Africa.

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Sexual behaviours, perception of risk of HIV infection, and factors associated with attending HIV post-test counselling in Ethiopia

Cited by 43 publications

References 13 publications

Sexual risk behaviour amongst young people in the Vhembe district of the Limpopo province, South Africa

Sexual risk behaviour amongst young people in the Vhembe district of the Limpopo province, South Africa

Relationship Between HIV Risk Perception and Condom Use: Evidence from a Population-Based Survey in Mozambique

Use of Dried Spots of Whole Blood, Plasma, and Mother's Milk Collected on Filter Paper for Measurement of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Burden

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