Sexual dimorphism and age dependence of osteocyte lacunar density for human vertebral cancellous bone

Vashishth, Deepak; Gibson, G. Edward; Fyhrie, David P.

doi:10.1002/ar.a.20146

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…During ageing female bone loss is due to an increased rate of bone resorption, whereas male bone loss is the result of less bone formation [47], indicating that different mechanisms are involved. There is also a sex-related difference in osteocyte lacunar density in human vertebral cancellous bone [48]. Sexual dimorphism may be attributed to differences in ER isoform expression [49] or in the number of receptors [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex dependent regulation of osteoblast response to implant surface properties by systemic hormones

et al. 2010

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BackgroundOsseointegration depends on the implant surface, bone quality and the local and systemic host environment, which can differ in male and female patients. This study was undertaken in order to determine if male and female cells respond differently to titanium surfaces that have micron-scale roughness and if interactions of calciotropic hormones [1α,25(OH)2D3 and 17β-oestradiol (E2)] and microstructured surfaces on osteoblasts are sex dependent.MethodsOsteoblasts from 6-week old Sprague-Dawley rats were cultured on tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) or on titanium (Ti) disks with two different surface topographies, a smooth pretreated (PT) surface and a coarse grit-blasted/acid-etched (SLA) surface, and treated with 1α,25(OH)2D3, E2, or E2 conjugated to bovine serum albumin (E2-BSA).ResultsMale and female cells responded similarly to Ti microstructure with respect to cell number and levels of osteocalcin, transforming growth factor-β1, osteoprotegerin and prostaglandin E2 in their conditioned media, exhibiting a more differentiated phenotype on SLA than on PT or TCPS. E2 and E2-BSA increased differentiation and local factor production, an effect that was microstructure dependent and found only in female osteoblasts. 1α,25(OH)2D3 increased osteoblast differentiation and local factor production in female and male cells, but the effect was more robust in male cells.ConclusionsMale and female rat osteoblasts respond similarly to surface microstructure but exhibit sexual dimorphism in substrate-dependent responses to systemic hormones. Oestrogen affected only female cells while 1α,25(OH)2D3 had a greater effect on male cells. These results suggest that successful osseointegration in males and females may depend on the implant surface design and correct levels of calciotropic hormones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex dependent regulation of osteoblast response to implant surface properties by systemic hormones

et al. 2010

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“…Our own work has revealed that lacunar volume decreases in women, but not in men (Carter et al, 2013a), although another group observed an increase in women (Atkinson and Hallsworth, 1983). A decline in osteocyte lacunar density with age was found in human trabecular (Mori et al, 1997, Mullender et al, 1996, Qiu et al, 2002) and cortical bone (Carter et al, 2013a, Carter et al, 2013b, Vashishth et al, 2005). The relation between lacunar density and bone disease is currently unclear as both an increase (Mullender et al, 1996, Vashishth et al, 2005, Soicher et al, 2011) and a decrease (Mori et al, 1997, Mullender et al, 2005, Qiu et al, 2003) in lacunar density has been observed in osteoporotic individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Lacunar-canalicular network in femoral cortical bone is reduced in aged women and is predominantly due to a loss of canalicular porosity

et al. 2017

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The lacunar-canalicular network (LCN) of bone contains osteocytes and their dendritic extensions, which allow for intercellular communication, and are believed to serve as the mechanosensors that coordinate the processes of bone modeling and remodeling. Imbalances in remodeling, for example, are linked to bone disease, including fragility associated with aging. We have reported that there is a reduction in scale for one component of the LCN, osteocyte lacunar volume, across the human lifespan in females. In the present study, we explore the hypothesis that canalicular porosity also declines with age. To visualize the LCN and to determine how its components are altered with aging, we examined samples from young (age: 20–23 y; n = 5) and aged (age: 70–86 y; n = 6) healthy women donors utilizing a fluorescent labelling technique in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy. A large cross-sectional area of cortical bone spanning the endosteal to periosteal surfaces from the anterior proximal femoral shaft was examined in order to account for potential trans-cortical variation in the LCN. Overall, we found that LCN areal fraction was reduced by 40.6% in the samples from aged women. This reduction was due, in part, to a reduction in lacunar density (21.4% decline in lacunae number per given area of bone), but much more so due to a 44.6% decline in canalicular areal fraction. While the areal fraction of larger vascular canals was higher in endosteal vs. periosteal regions for both age groups, no regional differences were observed in the areal fractions of the LCN and its components for either age group. Our data indicate that the LCN is diminished in aged women, and is largely due to a decline in the canalicular areal fraction, and that, unlike vascular canal porosity, this diminished LCN is uniform across the cortex.

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“…A number of studies have focused on differences in osteocyte lacunar density with regard to age, loading and disease, with contradictory results (Mullender et al 1996a(Mullender et al ,b, 2005Qiu et al 2002Qiu et al , 2006Skedros et al 2003Skedros et al , 2005Skedros et al , 2011aSkedros, 2005;Vashishth et al 2005;Schneider et al 2007;Vatsa et al 2008;van Hove et al 2009); however, very little is known regarding normal variation in human osteocyte lacunar density and morphology. The variation in the range of lacunar abundance values in normal human bone is high and depends on location, tissue type and analytical technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal variation in cortical osteocyte lacunar parameters in healthy young males

et al. 2014

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The most abundant cell in bone, osteocytes form an interconnected system upon which the regulation of healthy bone relies. Although the complete nature of the role of osteocytes has yet to be defined, they are generally accepted to play a part in the sensing of load and the initiation of damage repair. A previous study conducted by our group identified variation of up to 30% in osteocyte lacunar density and morphological parameters between regions of a single cross-section of human femoral shaft; that study, however, was limited to a single individual. The aim of the current study was to determine whether this pattern consistently occurs in healthy young male femora. Anterior, posterior, medial and lateral blocks were prepared from the proximal femoral shaft of seven males and synchrotron radiation micro-CT imaged. Average lacunar densities (AE SD) from the anterior, posterior, medial and lateral regions were 23 394 AE 1705, 30 180 AE 4860, 35 946 AE 5990 and 29 678 AE 6081 lacunae per mm 3 of bone tissue, respectively. These values were significantly different between the anterior and both the medial and posterior regions (P < 0.05). The density of the combined anterior and posterior regions was also significantly lower (P = 0.006) than the density of the combined medial and lateral regions. Although no difference was found in predominant orientation, shape differences were found; with the combined anterior-posterior regions having lacunae that were significantly more elongated and less flat than the combined medial-lateral values (P < 0.001). As expected, in this larger study, there was a dramatic difference in lacunar density between the medial and anterior region (up to~54%). The study clearly demonstrates that the high variation seen in osteocyte lacunar density as well as other lacunar parameters, noted in a number of biomechanical, age and pathology studies, are well within the range of normal variation; however, the reasons for and consequences of this variation remain unclear. Lacunar parameters including abundance and shape are being increasingly incorporated into computational modeling of bone biology and this paper represents a more comprehensive description of normal healthy lacunae.

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Sexual dimorphism and age dependence of osteocyte lacunar density for human vertebral cancellous bone

Cited by 34 publications

References 41 publications

Sex dependent regulation of osteoblast response to implant surface properties by systemic hormones

Sex dependent regulation of osteoblast response to implant surface properties by systemic hormones

Lacunar-canalicular network in femoral cortical bone is reduced in aged women and is predominantly due to a loss of canalicular porosity

Normal variation in cortical osteocyte lacunar parameters in healthy young males

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