Sexual harassment and assault experienced by reservists during military service: Prevalence and health correlates

Street, Amy E.; Stafford, Jane; Mahan, Clare M.; Hendricks, Ann

doi:10.1682/jrrd.2007.06.0088

Cited by 140 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Prior studies have examined unwanted sexual experiences (including harassment and assault) occurring during military service among patients seeking services through the DVA. [11][12][13][14] One rigorous study found that 15 % of women and 0.7 % of men reported unwanted military-related sexual experiences. 12 Only three studies have assessed sexual violence prior to military engagement using non-treatment seeking active duty samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Violence and Mental Health Symptoms Among National Guard and Reserve Soldiers

et al. 2013

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BACKGROUND: Reserve and National Guard (NG) soldiers report disproportionate mental health problems relative to active duty military upon returning from the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts. However, few studies have examined whether exposure to particular types of traumatic events (e.g., lifetime sexual violence) is associated with this increased burden of psychopathology. OBJECTIVE: The current study examined the prevalence of lifetime sexual violence exposure as well as the adjusted odds and population attributable fraction of psychopathology associated with sexual violence in a large sample of male and female Reserve and NG soldiers. DESIGN: Baseline structured telephone interviews were conducted in 2009. PARTICIPANTS: 1,030 Reserve (23 % female) and 973 NG (15 % female) soldiers. MAIN MEASURES: Four items assessed lifetime and deployment-related sexual violence. Probable lifetime and past-year posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression were assessed with the PTSD Checklist and the Patient Health Questionnaire, respectively. KEY RESULTS: Lifetime sexual violence prevalence was 37.4 % and 27.6 % among Reserve and NG women, and 4.3 % and 3.7 % among Reserve and NG men, respectively. Recent deployment-related sexual violence ranged from 1.4 to 2.6 % for women and 0 % for men. Regression analyses indicated that the adjusted odds of probable past-year and lifetime PTSD and depression were 1.2 to 3.5 times greater among those reporting sexual violence relative to non-victims. The proportion of probable lifetime PTSD and depression attributable to sexual violence was 45.2 % and 16.6 %, respectively, in the Reserves, and 10.3 % and 6.2 %, respectively, in the NG. CONCLUSIONS: Lifetime sexual violence prevalence was high among female soldiers, with approximately one-third of Reserve and National Guard women reporting a history. The majority of sexual violence was not related to the most recent deployment; however, sexual violence contributed to a high burden of psychopathology. Findings emphasize a need to screen for lifetime sexual violence and associated mental disorders in military samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Violence and Mental Health Symptoms Among National Guard and Reserve Soldiers

et al. 2013

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“…Those studies have proved that about (60%) of the American working women at military service and (61.4%) of the Canadian working women have been exposed to harassment at mixed work environment. In general, many studies estimated that about (40-60%) of the working woman at mixed environment were exposed, at least, to one kind of harassment (Faraj & Haridi, 2004;Al-Shehri & Al-Hindi, 2015;Mahan et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussion Of the Results Of The First Questionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obstacles of Saudi Woman Work in the Mixed Environment: A Field Study

Alhazmi¹,

Hammad²,

AL-shahrani³

2017

IES

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The study aimed to identify the obstacles facing Saudi woman while working in a mixed work environment. The main study sample consisted of (223) from the health sector female affiliates and were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of (129) participants from the health sector and workers in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) hospitals. The second group involved (94) participants from the health sector and workers in Najran, KSA hospitals. The study adopted the descriptive and analytical approach and the study instrument consisted of a questionnaire to identify the obstacles that the Saudi women encounter in the mixed environment. Results indicated that the most serious obstacles that Saudi woman encounters in the mixed work environment were social, professional, ethical, and psychological obstacles. There were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of women working in Riyadh and those women who working Najran regarding to the social obstacles in favor of women working in Najran and the ethical obstacles in favor of women working in Riyadh. There were no statistically significant differences between both groups in accordance to psychological and professional obstacles and the overall questionnaire degree. Furthermore, there were significant differences due to the nature of the work, whether a physician, nurse, or administrative employee regarding the social obstacles in favor of the woman working the administration field. There were significant differences with regard to both ethical and psychological obstacles in favor of women working in the administration field.

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“…Sabitha (2008) defined sexual harassment as an unwelcome or uninvited behavior of sexual nature, which is offensive, embarrassing, intimidating, and it affects an employee"s work performance, health career or livelihood. It is an unwelcome sexual advance, requests for sexual favours, and other verbal or physical conduct of se xual nature (Street et al, 2008). It is any form of unwanted sexual contact obtained through violent or non-violent means (Young, et al, 2009).…”

Section: Review Of the Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elliott et al (2004) listed fear, anxiety, depression, post traumatic stress, decreased self esteem, social difficulties, psychiatric ISSN 2329-521X 2014 www.macrothink.org/iss problem and sexual dysfunction as grievous effects of sexual harassment. Street et al (2008) argued that sexual harassment in the military was associated with poorer psychological well being and higher rates of substance abuse disorders. Sexual harassment can lead to break down of physical health.…”

Section: Issues In Social Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sexual harassment can lead to break down of physical health. It also increases the risks of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDS) and other medical injuries (Street et al, 2008 andDumond, 2000). It may also lead to further victimization, and lodging complaint may further the psychological trauma (Dumond, 2000 and Naik et al, 20100.…”

Section: Issues In Social Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Views of the Crawford University Work Place Community on Sexual Harassment

Ojo

Asamu

2014

ISS

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This paper surveyed the opinions of Crawford University work place community on the problem of sexual harassment. One hundred members of the University community were sampled, using simple random sampling. Questionnaires were administered to elicit the opinions of the participants on the problem of sexual harassment. The respondents acknowledged that sexual harassment is a serious social problem in Nigeria. The respondents also acknowledged that the problem of sexual harassment has negative consequences on the victims, especially, on the academic performance of the victims. The study discovered that information and policies on sexual harassment were not adequately disseminated in Nigeria society. The survey recommended, therefore, that government and different organizations should give priority to the problem of sexual harassment and the information and policies on sexual harassment should be given wide publicity in the society. People should be well educated on sexual harassment and the victims should be encouraged to lodge complaint. The legal redress should be provided to the victims free of charge and the perpetrators found guilty should be punished accordingly. Finally, people should learn to accord respect to others, especially to women in our society and individual dignity should be treated with reference.

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Sexual harassment and assault experienced by reservists during military service: Prevalence and health correlates

Cited by 140 publications

References 20 publications

Sexual Violence and Mental Health Symptoms Among National Guard and Reserve Soldiers

Sexual Violence and Mental Health Symptoms Among National Guard and Reserve Soldiers

Obstacles of Saudi Woman Work in the Mixed Environment: A Field Study

Views of the Crawford University Work Place Community on Sexual Harassment

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