Sexual Orientation Conversion Therapy for Gay Men and Lesbians: A Scientific Examination

Haldeman, Douglas C.

doi:10.4135/9781483325422.n10

Cited by 80 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…In the clinical literature, which contains articles, books, and chapters from both clinical psychology as well as pastoral counseling and social work, there is open debate on many topics including the morality of homosexuality, addressing the specific clinical needs of gay and lesbian clients, the efficacy of reparative therapy, and the role of pastoral counseling within not only the gay and lesbian community as a whole, but within the religious gay and lesbian community as well. As this article attempted to review the theoretical and research literature on the interactions between gay and religious identities, I leave a more detailed review of the clinical writings in this area for future work (for more information in this area, see Buchanan, 2001;Dallas, 1996;Davison, 1991;Donaldson, 1998;Haldeman, 1991;Hodge, 2005;Lease & Shulman, 2003;Throckmorton, 1998;Yarhouse, 1998).…”

Section: Clinical Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

At the Intersection of Church and Gay: A Review of the Psychological Research on Gay and Lesbian Christians

Rodríguez

2009

Journal of Homosexuality

133

145

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Section: Clinical Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

At the Intersection of Church and Gay: A Review of the Psychological Research on Gay and Lesbian Christians

Rodríguez

2009

Journal of Homosexuality

133

145

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“…As recently as the 1960s, law and social pressure led many gay men to undergo 'reparative' medical treatments-commonly, electric shockbased aversion therapy (Haldeman, 1991). Meanwhile, childhood abuse, parental neglect, mental illness, and demonic possession of the sort described by the Bible were all alleged to explain homosexuality.…”

Section: Why It May Be Better Not To Believe People Are Virtuousmentioning

confidence: 99%

When do circumstances excuse? Moral prejudices and beliefs about the true self drive preferences for agency-minimizing explanations

Cullen

2018

Cognition

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A B S T R A C TWhen explaining human actions, people usually focus on a small subset of potential causes. What leads us to prefer certain explanations for valenced actions over others? The present studies indicate that our moral attitudes often predict our explanatory preferences far better than our beliefs about how causally sensitive actions are to features of the actor's environment. Study 1 found that high-prejudice participants were much more likely to endorse nonagential explanations of an erotic same-sex encounter, such as that one of the men endured a stressful event earlier that day. Study 2 manipulated participants' beliefs about how the agent's behavior depended on features of his environment, finding that such beliefs played no clear role in modeling participants' explanatory preferences. This result emerged both with low-and high-prejudice, US and Indian participants, suggesting that these findings probably reflect a species-typical feature of human psychology. Study 3 found that moral attitudes also predicted explanations for a woman's decision to abort her pregnancy (3a) and a person's decision to convert to Islam (3b). Study 4 found that luck in an action's etiology tends to undermine perceptions of blame more readily than perceptions of praise. Finally, Study 5 found that when explaining support for a rival ideology, both Liberals and Conservatives downplay agential causes while emphasizing environmental ones. Taken together, these studies indicate that our explanatory preferences often reflect a powerful tendency to represent agents as possessing virtuous true selves. Consequently, situation-focused explanations often appear salient because people resist attributing negatively valenced actions to the true self. There is a person/situation distinction, but it is normative.

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“…Until recently, the prevailing scientific position has been that sexual orientation is an early-determined, stable trait that is highly resistant to change (e.g., Bell, Weinberg, & Hammersmith, 1981; research. These include (1) conversion therapy outcome studies which, with very few exceptions (e.g., Spitzer, 2003), document very low success rates in treatment efforts to alter sexual orientation (e.g., Haldeman, 1991Haldeman, , 1994; (2) research suggesting a developmental continuity between gender-atypical behavior in childhood and later adult homosexuality (Bailey & Zucker, 1995;Bell et al, 1981;Green, 1974Green, , 1987; and (3) studies of the biological etiology of sexual orientation, an underlying assumption of which is that evidence of such a contribution to etiology implies a probabilistic relationship between the identified biological condition and sexual orientation outcome (e.g., Dörner, 1968;Dörner & Hintz, 1968;Meyer-Bahlburg et al, 1995;Money, Schwartz, & Lewis, 1984;Mustanski, Chivers, & Bailey, 2002;Ricketts, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in the Flexibility of Sexual Orientation: A Multidimensional Retrospective Assessment

2005

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The flexibility of sexual orientation in men and women was examined by assessing self-reported change over time for three dimensions of sexual orientation (sexual fantasy, romantic attraction, and sexual behavior) across three categorical classifications of current sexual orientation (heterosexual, bisexual, and gay). The primary purpose of the study was to determine if there were sex differences in the flexibility (i.e., change over time) of sexual orientation and how such differences were manifested across different dimensions of orientation over the lifespan. Retrospective, life-long ratings of sexual orientation were made by 762 currently self-identified heterosexual, bisexual, and gay men and women, aged 36 to 60, via a self-report questionnaire. Cumulative change scores were derived for each of the three dimensions (fantasy, romantic attraction, and sexual behavior) of orientation by summing the differences between ratings over consecutive 5-year historical time periods (from age 16 to the present). Sex differences were observed for most, but not all, classification groups. There were significant sex differences in reported change in orientation over time for gays and heterosexuals, with women reporting greater change in orientation over time than did men. Bisexual men and women did not differ with respect to self-reported change in orientation.

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Sexual Orientation Conversion Therapy for Gay Men and Lesbians: A Scientific Examination

Cited by 80 publications

References 0 publications

At the Intersection of Church and Gay: A Review of the Psychological Research on Gay and Lesbian Christians

At the Intersection of Church and Gay: A Review of the Psychological Research on Gay and Lesbian Christians

When do circumstances excuse? Moral prejudices and beliefs about the true self drive preferences for agency-minimizing explanations

Sex Differences in the Flexibility of Sexual Orientation: A Multidimensional Retrospective Assessment

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