Sexual Reproduction and Early Plant Growth of the Wollemi Pine (Wollemia nobilis), a Rare and Threatened Australian Conifer

Offord, Catherine A.; Porter, Carolyn; Meagher, Patricia F.; Errington, Graeme

doi:10.1006/anbo.1999.0882

Cited by 43 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…O ciclo reprodutivo completo, observado para A. angustifolia neste estudo, foi similar ao de outros membros da família Araucariaceae como Agathis australis Steud., com ciclo de 16 meses (Owens et al 1995) e para Wollemia nobilis W.G. Jones et al, com ciclo de 16 a 19 meses (Offord et al 1999). Já para a família Pinaceae, o ciclo reprodutivo de espécies tropicais e temperadas varia de 2 a 3 anos, condicionado principalmente por fatores ambientais (Biswas & Johri 1997).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Fenologia reprodutiva e produção de sementes em Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze

2004

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-(Reproductive phenology and seed production of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze). The knowledge about the reproductive phenology of Araucaria angustifolia has applications to the seed harvest for "ex situ" conservation, for commercial use of the seeds and to understand the dynamic and regeneration of its natural populations. The reproductive phenology and seed production of A. angustifolia were evaluated for a natural population occurring at Parque Estadual Campos de Jordão, São Paulo State, Brazil. The present study investigates: (i) how is the reproductive cycle and the phenological pattern of araucaria? (ii) how is the potential of seed production and its variability? Sixty adult plants (30 males and 30 females) were marked for phenological observations. Seed production was estimated based on the number of female plants in a 10 ha area, number of cones per plant, number of seeds per cone and seed weight. The reproductive cycle of A. angustifolia extended for 20 to 24 months, from the observation of the first cone to seed fall. The pollination occurred between September and October and seed maturation and seed fall from March to June. Seed production was significantly different between years (117 kg.ha -1 in 2001 e 160 kg.ha -1 in 2002). The duration of ripe seed offer was also different between years. The variation observed in the amount and availability of seeds suggests that the observation of reproductive phenology and estimation of seed production are important to guide strategies for conservation and management of this resource.Key words -Araucaria angustifolia, Araucaria forest, reproductive phenology, seed production RESUMO -(Fenologia reprodutiva e produção de sementes em Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze). O estudo da fenologia reprodutiva de A. angustifolia tem aplicação na coleta de sementes destinadas à conservação de germoplasma, à obtenção de sementes para fins comerciais e ao entendimento da dinâmica de regeneração das populações naturais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a fenologia reprodutiva em uma população natural de A. angustifolia localizada no Parque Estadual Campos do Jordão, SP, procurando entender: (i) Qual é o seu ciclo reprodutivo e o comportamento fenológico? (ii) Como varia e qual o potencial de produção de sementes desta espécie? Para o acompanhamento da fenologia reprodutiva foram marcados 60 indivíduos (30 masculinos e 30 femininos), observados de novembro de1999 a agosto de 2002. A produção de sementes foi estimada com base na contagem do número de plantas femininas, número de estróbilos por planta, número de sementes por estróbilo e peso de sementes. O ciclo reprodutivo da A. angustifolia foi de 20 a 24 meses, do aparecimento dos estróbilos até a queda das sementes. A polinização ocorreu entre setembro e outubro e a maturação e queda das sementes de março a junho. A produção de sementes mostrou diferença significativa entre os anos (117 kg.ha -1 em 2001 e 160 kg.ha -1 em 2002) e a duração da oferta foi distinta entre anos. As variações na...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Fenologia reprodutiva e produção de sementes em Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze

2004

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“…, 2009). Deep gorges, such as those that provide microrefugia for the Wollemi pine ( Wollemia nobilis ) in Australia (Offord et al. , 1999), are predicted to be warmer than the surrounding area if climate surfaces are based only on elevation, but are actually cooler when topographic shelter is considered (Ashcroft et al.…”

Section: Microrefugia and Macrorefugiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying refugia from climate change

Ashcroft¹

2010

Journal of Biogeography

427

439

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This article highlights how the loose definition of the term ‘refugia’ has led to discrepancies in methods used to assess the vulnerability of species to the current trend of rising global temperatures. The term ‘refugia’ is commonly used without distinguishing between macrorefugia and microrefugia, ex situ refugia and in situ refugia, glacial and interglacial refugia or refugia based on habitat stability and refugia based on climatic stability. It is not always clear which definition is being used, and this makes it difficult to assess the appropriateness of the methods employed. For example, it is crucial to develop accurate fine‐scale climate grids when identifying microrefugia, but coarse‐scale macroclimate might be adequate for determining macrorefugia. Similarly, identifying in situ refugia might be more appropriate for species with poor dispersal ability but this may overestimate the extinction risk for good dispersers. More care needs to be taken to properly define the context when referring to refugia from climate change so that the validity of methods and the conservation significance of refugia can be assessed.

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“…Young Wollemi pine seedlings produce numerous lateral branches (Offord et al. , NSW Department of Environment and Conservation ). At earlier time points (94, 192, 364 d after inoculation) for Wollemi pine, length of lateral branches was measured in millimeters from the attachment of the branch to the stem to branch tip.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil microbial communities influence seedling growth of a rare conifer independent of plant–soil feedback

Rigg

Offord

Singh

et al. 2016

Ecology

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Plant-soil feedback, the reciprocal relationship between a plant and its associated microbial communities, has been proposed to be an important driver of plant populations and community dynamics. While rarely considered, understanding how plant-soil feedback contributes to plant rarity may have implications for conservation and management of rare species. Wollemi pine (Wollemia nobilis) is a critically endangered species, of which fewer than 100 trees are known to exist in the wild. Seedling survival within the first year after germination and subsequent recruitment of Wollemi pine is limited in the wild. We used a plant-soil feedback approach to investigate the functional effect of species-specific differences previously observed in the microbial communities underneath adult Wollemi pine and a neighboring species, coachwood (Ceratopetalum apetalum), and also whether additional variation in microbial communities in the wild could impact seedling growth. There was no evidence for seedling growth being affected by tree species associated with soil inocula, suggesting that plant-soil feedbacks are not limiting recruitment in the natural population. However, there was evidence of fungal, but not bacterial, community variation impacting seedling growth independently of plant-soil feedbacks. Chemical (pH) and physical (porosity) soil characteristics were identified as potential drivers of the functional outcomes of these fungal communities. The empirical approach described here may provide opportunities to identify the importance of soil microbes to conservation efforts targeting other rare plant species and is also relevant to understanding the importance of soil microbes and plant-soil feedbacks for plant community dynamics more broadly.

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Sexual Reproduction and Early Plant Growth of the Wollemi Pine (Wollemia nobilis), a Rare and Threatened Australian Conifer

Cited by 43 publications

References 11 publications

Fenologia reprodutiva e produção de sementes em Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze

Fenologia reprodutiva e produção de sementes em Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze

Identifying refugia from climate change

Soil microbial communities influence seedling growth of a rare conifer independent of plant–soil feedback

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