Sexual Violence in Childhood and Post-Childhood: The Experiences of Young Men Who Have Sex With Men in Beirut

Abstract

Sexual violence has been found to have psychosocial and sexual ramifications for men who have sex with men (MSM) but has not been studied in the Middle East. We assessed the prevalence and correlates of experiences of child and post-child sexual violence among young MSM residing in Beirut, Lebanon. In total, 226 MSM, aged 18 to 29, were recruited with long-chain peer referrals and administered a survey that included questions on history of being pressured to have sex, as well as specific forms of sexual harassment and abuse, in addition to measures of psychosocial functioning and sexual behavior. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine correlates of child sex abuse and experiences of sexual violence post-childhood; 17.3% experienced sexual abuse as a child (below age 13), while 63.3% experienced any form of sexual violence post-childhood—furthermore, 48.7% had experienced being forced or pressured to have sex during their lifetime, including 32.3% prior to age 18. Participants who experienced child sex abuse were more likely to experience abusive relationships in adulthood, as well as at least one type of sexual harassment/abuse post-childhood. Experience of any sexual violence post-childhood was correlated with greater recent sexuality-related discrimination and more recent male sex partners. These findings reveal a high prevalence of sexual violence among MSM in Beirut, both in childhood and post-childhood. More research within the Middle East is needed to better understand the drivers of sexual violence in this population, and how to best provide prevention and coping services.

Assessment on Level of Knowledge Regarding Child Sexual Abuse among School Children at Kattankulathur High School

“…Logistic regression analysis was used to examine correlates of child sex abuse and experiences of sexual violence postchildhood; 17.3% experienced sexualabuse as a child (below age 13), while 63.3% experienced any form of sexual violence post-childhood-furthermore, 48.7% had experienced being forced or pressured to have sex during their lifetime, including 32.3% prior to age 18. These findings reveal a high prevalence of sexual violence among MSM in Beirut, both in childhood and post-childhood (8) .…”

Measurement and prevalence of sexual harassment in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…9 31 35-39 41 50-64 Nine studies 19 43 65-71 conceptualised sexual harassment as physical, verbal and non-verbal acts; physical consisted of purposely bumping or hurting someone, acting indecently and inappropriate touching, verbal consisted of inappropriate sexual comments about body parts, telling sexual or dirty jokes and asking a favour for having sexual intercourse; and non-verbal consisted of displaying inappropriate pictures through email/social media, inappropriate eye contact. We excluded three studies that reported measuring sexual harassment, but measured sexual violence explicitly defined and measured as sexual violence or sexual abuse in the study with forced sex or rape [72][73][74] (see table 1). Many studies did not deploy a validated tool, but either used a direct question or a series of behavioural questions (see table 1).…”

Experiences of Sexual Harassment by Patients among Nurses at the Mental Hospital of West Java Province: A Qualitative Study

“…Previous studies have shown that almost 10% of nurses in Thai Hospitals experience sexual harassment [ 31 ]. Sexual harassment is mostly carried out by patients with mental disorders (50%) [ 32 ]. A patient committed sexual harassment because he had a history of drinking alcohol, a history of sexual violence, and a history of previous abuse [ 33 ].…”