Shallow landslides and vegetation at the catchment scale: A perspective

Phillips, Chris; Hales, Tristram C.; Smith, Hugh G.; Basher, Les

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2021.106436

Cited by 45 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 196 publications

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“…Franklin et al, (2013) stated that vegetation is a group of several trees growing together in a given space that forms one integrity, of which each species were in co-dependency to each other, known as a plant community. According to Forbes et al, (2013); Lu (2014); Widjaja, (2018); (Phillips et al, 2021) the most appropriate vegetation for cliff protection is the local one. Local vegetation has been adapted and is suitable for its endemic; thus, capable to function in its growing space.…”

Section: Revegetation As Part Of Landslide Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lake Cliff Landslide Mitigation – A Case Study of Lut Tawar Peusangan Lake, Aceh, Indonesia

Azizah¹,

Amri²,

Ernawita³

et al. 2023

J. Ecol. Eng.

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Landslide is one of the most common natural disasters in Indonesia. In Lut Tawar Lake, specifically the cliff side, the landslide event occurs almost daily. Mitigation effort becomes a necessity following the fatality cases it causes. This study aimed to identify landslides and suitable mitigation for the case of Lut Tawar's lake cliff. A combined approach of landslide survey and image interpretation with field validation was used. In addition, local vegetation surrounding the case area was identified from the survey and interview process. The results showed there are in total 37 landslide points in the study area. The conducted analysis showed the landslide was mainly caused by land use change from forest to a plantation, slope, particularly in the cliff area that was carved for road development, the volcanic geology of Bukit Barisan mountain, rainfall intensity, and the equatorial rainfall characteristic of the study area. The results also suggest the finest solution for landslide mitigation, namely the eco-engineering approach, a revegetation method using the local vegetation. Local vegetation comprises multiple strata, of which grass in the below strata, shrubs in the middle strata, and trees in the upper strata, constitute a shield for the lake cliff. Within this structure, government and community can cultivate these plants in the surrounding lake area.

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Section: Revegetation As Part Of Landslide Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lake Cliff Landslide Mitigation – A Case Study of Lut Tawar Peusangan Lake, Aceh, Indonesia

Azizah¹,

Amri²,

Ernawita³

et al. 2023

J. Ecol. Eng.

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“…In this sense, vegetation is an important agent for stabilizing steep regolith-mantled slopes. Vegetation reinforces the regolith with roots [145,146] and, to a lesser extent, modifies soil moisture and subsurface hydrology through transpiration, canopy interception, the redistribution of rainwater and the development of preferential flow paths via root systems [147,148]. From an ecological point of view, more complex ecosystems and mature vegetation contribute to greater protection of the soil properties [40].…”

Section: Implications For Landscape Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Forest Dynamics to Wetland Siltation in Mountainous Landscapes: A RS-Based Framework for Enhancing Erosion Control

et al. 2022

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Human activities have caused a significant change in the function and services that ecosystems have provided to society since historical times. In mountainous landscapes, the regulation of services such as water quality or erosion control has been impacted by land use and land cover (LULC) changes, especially the loss and fragmentation of forest patches. In this work, we develop a Remote Sensing (RS)-based modelling approach to identify areas for the implementation of nature-based solutions (NBS) (i.e., natural forest conservation and restoration) that allow reducing the vulnerability of aquatic ecosystems to siltation in mountainous regions. We used time series Landsat 5TM, 7ETM+, 8OLI and Sentinel 2A/2B MSI (S2) imagery to map forest dynamics and wetland distribution in Picos de Europa National Park (Cantabrian Mountains, northern Spain). We fed RS-based models with detailed in situ information based on photo-interpretation and fieldwork completed from 2017 to 2021. We estimated a forest cover increase rate of 2 ha/year comparing current and past LULC maps against external validation data. We applied this forest gain to a scenario generator model to derive a 30-year future LULC map that defines the potential forest extent for the study area in 2049. We then modelled the distribution of wetlands to identify the areas with the greatest potential for moisture accumulation. We used an S2 mosaic and topography-derived data such as the slope and topographic wetness index (TWI), which indicate terrain water accumulation. Overall accuracy scores reached values of 86% for LULC classification and 61% for wetland mapping. At the same time, we obtained the potential erosion using the NetMap software to identify potential sediment production, transport and deposition areas. Finally, forest dynamics, wetland distribution and potential erosion were combined in a multi-criteria analysis aiming to reduce the amount of sediment reaching selected wetlands. We achieved this by identifying the most suitable locations for the conservation and restoration of natural forests on slopes and in riparian areas, which may reduce the risk of soil erosion and maximise sediment filtering, respectively. The results show a network pattern for forest management that would allow for controlling erosion effects across space and time at three levels: one, by reducing the load that originates upslope in the absence of forest cover; two, by intersecting runoff at watercourses related to sediment transport; and three, by a lack of former barriers, by trapping erosion near to the receiving wetland systems, main river axes and contributing streams. In conclusion, the proposed methodology, which could be transferred to other mountain regions, allows to optimise investment for erosion prevention and wetland conservation by using only very specific areas of the landscape for habitat management (e.g., for NBS implementation).

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“…Vegetation is an important agent in stabilizing steep slopes notably by increasing the soil cohesion for shallow landslides (Phillips et al, 2021). In some hard-to-reach areas, it may be difficult to assess the distribution of vegetation cover.…”

Section: Vegetation Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to soil properties and slope loading, vegetation has also been recognized to play an important role on the stability of slopes (Band et al, 2012;Cohen and Schwarz, 2017;Hwang et al, 2015;Phillips et al, 2021;Sidle and Ochiai, 2006), but with varying effects. First, by adding weight to the slope, it can increase the load and reduce the stability, increasing the failure probability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving slope stability estimates by incorporating geophysical and remote sensing monitoring data into hydro-geomechanical modeling

Fiolleau¹,

Dafflon²,

Falco³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Landslides are a major natural hazard, threatening communities and infrastructure worldwide. The mitigation of these hazards relies on the understanding of their causes and triggering processes, directly depending on soil properties, land use, and their variations over time. In this study, we propose a new approach combining geophysics and remote sensing with hydrological and geomechanical modeling to provide a robust estimate of the probability of failure of slopes in endangering the surrounding structures. Knowing that soil properties are site-dependent, it is crucial to analyze their sensitivity in estimating the probability of failure. Therefore, we performed a sensitivity analysis on the seven main parameters (density, friction angle, cohesion, soil thickness, slope, water recharge and saturated hydraulic conductivity) of the hydro-geomechanical model, which highlighted strong sensitivity to variations in soil thickness and cohesion. Based on those results, we used seismic noise measurements to assess soil thickness around our study site, which is a densely developed urban site. We highlighted that relatively thick soil layers (above 2 m) have up to 4 times higher probability of failure. Next, we used remote sensing data to assess vegetation cover. In fact, the presence of vegetation has a significant effect on soil cohesion, especially when the soil layer is relatively thin. The addition of vegetation cover showed an important reduction in the probability of failure when the soil thickness is less than 3 m.

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Shallow landslides and vegetation at the catchment scale: A perspective

Cited by 45 publications

References 196 publications

Lake Cliff Landslide Mitigation – A Case Study of Lut Tawar Peusangan Lake, Aceh, Indonesia

Lake Cliff Landslide Mitigation – A Case Study of Lut Tawar Peusangan Lake, Aceh, Indonesia

From Forest Dynamics to Wetland Siltation in Mountainous Landscapes: A RS-Based Framework for Enhancing Erosion Control

Improving slope stability estimates by incorporating geophysical and remote sensing monitoring data into hydro-geomechanical modeling

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