Shame During Social Interactions Predicts Subsequent Generalized Anxiety Symptoms: A Daily-Diary Study

Shahar, Ben; Bar‐Kalifa, Eran; Hen-Weissberg, Adi

doi:10.1521/jscp.2015.34.10.827

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Although previous studies have shown a positive association between shame and psychological distress (Fergus et al, 2010;Pineles, Street, & Koenen, 2006;Shahar et al, 2015;Tangney et al, 1992), the present results, congruent with previous research, show this association as well as a negative association between shame and life satisfaction and a positive association between guilt and life satisfaction. Therefore, the literature on shame and guilt is expanded by jointly observing positive and negative outcomes of dispositional shame and dispositional guilt.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Empirical support documenting the association between shame and depressive symptoms is plentiful (e.g., Cheung, Gilbert, & Irons, 2004;Hook & Andrews, 2005;Rüsch et al, 2007; or see Kim, Thibodeau, & Jorgensen, 2011 for a meta-analytic review). Similarly, researchers have previously shown a positive association between shame and various anxiety disorders, such as social anxiety (Arditte, Morabito, Shaw, & Timpano, 2016;Levinson, Byrne, & Rodebaugh, 2016;Matos, Pinto-Gouveia, & Gilbert, 2013) and generalised anxiety disorder (Fergus, Valentiner, McGrath, & Jencius, 2010;Schoenleber, Chow, & Berenbaum, 2014;Shahar, Bar-Kalifa, & Hen-Weissberg, 2015). These associations have been explained by the feelings of inadequacy and weakness inherent in shame, which damage one's self-efficacy in dealing with stressful situations, thereby creating symptoms of anxiety (Tangney & Dearing, 2002).…”

Section: Self-conscious Emotions and Psychological Distressmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

When do self-conscious emotions distress teenagers? Interrelations between dispositional shame and guilt, depressive and anxious symptoms, and life satisfaction.

Sullivan

Green‐Demers

Lauzon

2020

Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dispositional shame has been associated positively with psychological distress and negatively with life satisfaction. Conversely, dispositional guilt has been associated positively with life satisfaction. Research pertaining to the outcomes of self-conscious emotions has largely been conducted using adult samples. By comparison, there is a dearth of information on the influence of shame and guilt on well-being in teenagers. Moreover, to our knowledge, this topic was never studied in a French-Canadian sociocultural context. The goal of the present project was thus to examine interrelations between shame, guilt, and distress (depressive and anxious symptoms) and life satisfaction in francophone adolescents. It was hypothesised that shame would be positively related to symptoms of psychological distress and negatively related to life satisfaction. It was also hypothesised that guilt would be unrelated to psychological distress and positively related to life satisfaction. Participants (N = 288 high school students) completed questionnaires during class time that measured dispositional shame, dispositional guilt, depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, and life satisfaction. The hypothesised network of relationships was evaluated using structural equation modelling. Results fully corroborated hypotheses and are discussed in terms of their implications for fundamental and applied research on self-conscious emotions and their psychological outcomes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Self-conscious Emotions and Psychological Distressmentioning

confidence: 97%

When do self-conscious emotions distress teenagers? Interrelations between dispositional shame and guilt, depressive and anxious symptoms, and life satisfaction.

Sullivan

Green‐Demers

Lauzon

2020

Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Further, there is also research showing that shame is positively related to other types of anxiety symptoms. For instance, several studies, again primarily conducted with adult samples, found evidence to suggest that shame (and again not guilt) plays a role in worry and generalized anxiety disorder [ 16 – 18 ], and there is one investigation [ 19 ] that has reported a positive link between shame and dispositional anxiety as assessed by the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [ 20 ]. The relation between shame and other (non-social) anxiety symptoms is on first sight more difficult to explain, although it can be noted that this self-conscious emotion is associated with a sense of inadequacy and weakness that might undermine one’s self-efficacy when confronted with stressful and threatening situations thereby paving the way for feelings of fear and anxiety [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shame on Me! Self-Conscious Emotions and Big Five Personality Traits and Their Relations to Anxiety Disorders Symptoms in Young, Non-Clinical Adolescents

Muris

Meesters

Asseldonk

2017

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study explored the relations between self-conscious emotions, personality traits, and anxiety disorders symptoms in non-clinical youths. One-hundred-and-eighteen adolescents aged 12–15 years completed the brief shame and guilt questionnaire for children (BSGQ-C) and items of the youth self-report (YSR) to measure shame and guilt, the big five personality questionnaire for children, and the youth anxiety measure for DSM-5. Results for shame indicated that this self-conscious emotion—either measured by the BSGQ-C or the YSR—was uniquely and positively associated with a broad range of anxiety disorders symptoms, and correlated positively with neuroticism and negatively with extraversion. Guilt did not show significant associations with anxiety disorders symptoms once controlling for the influence of shame, and links with personality traits varied dependent on the assessment instrument that was used (BSGQ-C or YSR). Finally, when controlling for neuroticism and extraversion, shame consistently remained a significant correlate of anxiety disorders symptoms. Altogether, these results add to the growing body of evidence indicating that high levels of shame are clearly associated with anxiety pathology.

show abstract

“…According to the psychoevolutionary model [ 13 , 35 ], individuals with social anxiety tend to excessively focus on their social rank and think of themselves in an inferior position, which causes a series of reactions, such as avoiding eye contact, blushing, and timidity [ 36 ]. Shame plays an important role in this process [ 37 ]. A longitudinal study demonstrated that a clinical group intervention that aimed at reducing shame-proneness could also reduce participants’ social anxiety symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Shame on Patients With Social Anxiety Disorder in Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Randomized Controlled Trial

Wang¹,

Zhao²,

Mu³

et al. 2020

JMIR Ment Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Prior research has demonstrated the efficacy of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) for social anxiety disorder (SAD). However, it is unclear how shame influences the efficacy of this treatment. Objective This study aimed to investigate the role shame played in the ICBT treatment process for participants with SAD. Methods A total of 104 Chinese participants (73 females; age: mean 24.92, SD 4.59 years) were randomly assigned to self-help ICBT, guided ICBT, or wait list control groups. For the guided ICBT group, half of the participants were assigned to the group at a time due to resource constraints. This led to a time difference among the three groups. Participants were assessed before and immediately after the intervention using the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), Social Phobia Scale (SPS), and Experience of Shame Scale (ESS). Results Participants’ social anxiety symptoms (self-help: differences between pre- and posttreatment SIAS=−12.71; Cohen d=1.01; 95% CI 9.08 to 16.32; P<.001 and differences between pre- and posttreatment SPS=11.13; Cohen d=0.89; 95% CI 6.98 to 15.28; P<.001; guided: SIAS=19.45; Cohen d=1.20; 95% CI 14.67 to 24.24; P<.001 and SPS=13.45; Cohen d=0.96; 95% CI 8.26 to 18.64; P<.001) and shame proneness (self-help: differences between pre- and posttreatment ESS=7.34; Cohen d=0.75; 95% CI 3.99 to 10.69; P<.001 and guided: differences between pre- and posttreatment ESS=9.97; Cohen d=0.88; 95% CI 5.36 to 14.57; P<.001) in both the self-help and guided ICBT groups reduced significantly after treatment, with no significant differences between the two intervention groups. Across all the ICBT sessions, the only significant predictors of reductions in shame proneness were the average number of words participants wrote in the exposure module (β=.222; SE 0.175; t96=2.317; P=.02) and gender (β=−.33; SE 0.002; t77=−3.13; P=.002). We also found a mediation effect, wherein reductions in shame fully mediated the relationship between the average number of words participants wrote in the exposure module and reductions in social anxiety symptoms (SIAS: β=−.0049; SE 0.0016; 95% CI −0.0085 to −0.0019 and SPS: β=−.0039; SE 0.0015; 95% CI −0.0075 to −0.0012). Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that participants’ engagement in the exposure module in ICBT alleviates social anxiety symptoms by reducing the levels of shame proneness. Our study provides a new perspective for understanding the role of shame in the treatment of social anxiety. The possible mechanisms of the mediation effect and clinical implications are discussed. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1900021952; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=36977

show abstract

Shame During Social Interactions Predicts Subsequent Generalized Anxiety Symptoms: A Daily-Diary Study

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

When do self-conscious emotions distress teenagers? Interrelations between dispositional shame and guilt, depressive and anxious symptoms, and life satisfaction.

When do self-conscious emotions distress teenagers? Interrelations between dispositional shame and guilt, depressive and anxious symptoms, and life satisfaction.

Shame on Me! Self-Conscious Emotions and Big Five Personality Traits and Their Relations to Anxiety Disorders Symptoms in Young, Non-Clinical Adolescents

The Effect of Shame on Patients With Social Anxiety Disorder in Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Randomized Controlled Trial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About