Shape memory alloy actuator with active cooling device and deflectable winglet application

Mao, Zhiwen; Xu, Zhiwei; Wang, Qi

doi:10.1088/1361-665x/aba9ab

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In this case, smart materials could be used to control small sections of a wing (like active winglets and continuously twisting flaps). [86][87][88][89][90][91] Whether by enabling global or local morphing, smart materials promise better performance as compared to traditional discrete airfoil modification strategies, over a wider range of flight conditions. 68 Future morphing wings could combine this tuned stiffness approach with distributed actuation and control informed by distributed sensing networks.…”

Section: Composites For Wing and Control Surfaces Using Artificial Fe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bird-inspired robotics principles as a framework for developing smart aerospace materials

Hoffmann

Chen

Cutkosky

et al. 2023

Journal of Composite Materials

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Birds are notable for their ability to seamlessly transition between different locomotory functions by dynamically leveraging their shape-shifting morphology. In contrast, the performance of aerial vehicles is constrained to a narrow flight envelope. To understand which functional morphological principles enable birds to successfully adapt to complex environments on the wing, engineers have started to develop biomimetic models of bird morphing flight, perching, aerial grasping and dynamic pursuit. These studies show how avian morphological capabilities are enabled by the biomaterial properties that make up their multifunctional biomechanical structures. The hierarchical structural design includes concepts like lightweight skeletons actuated by distributed muscles that shapeshift the body, informed by embedded sensing, combined with a soft streamlined external surface composed of thousands of overlapping feathers. In aerospace engineering, these functions are best replicated by smart materials, including composites, that incorporate sensing, actuation, communication, and computation. Here we provide a review of recently developed biohybrid, biomimetic, and bioinspired robot structural design principles. To inspire integrative smart material design, we first synthesize the new principles into an aerial robot concept to translate it into its aircraft equivalent. Promising aerospace applications include multifunctional morphing wing structures composed out of smart composites with embedded sensing, artificial muscles for robotic actuation, and fast actuating compliant structures with integrated sensors. The potential benefits of developing and mass-manufacturing these materials for future aerial robots and aircraft include improving flight performance, mission scope, and environmental resilience.

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Section: Composites For Wing and Control Surfaces Using Artificial Fe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bird-inspired robotics principles as a framework for developing smart aerospace materials

Hoffmann

Chen

Cutkosky

et al. 2023

Journal of Composite Materials

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“…However, this approach required pipes and valves, which can add complexity to the system and may result in leakage. Other cooling strategies include using artificial air currents [21] or developing a cooling heat sink [22] to help dissipate heat and restore the original shape of an SMA. Additionally, an elastocaloric cooling technology was explored [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hoist-Based Shape Memory Alloy Actuator with Multiple Wires for High-Displacement Applications

et al. 2023

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Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are smart materials that change their crystalline structures when subjected to heat or tension, resulting in a macroscopic deformation. When applied to actuators, SMAs present a remarkable load–weight ratio and flexibility, making them suitable for diverse applications. However, challenges such as their energy consumption, nonlinear control, and low displacement must be considered. This paper presents a new strategy for improving the total displacement while adding neither supplementary SMA wires nor complex external devices. In addition, a novel control strategy is proposed to improve the nonlinearity of SMAs’ behavior. A hoist system was developed to linearly increase the displacement with the number of pulleys and wire turns used. The design also used parallel actuation to increase the load capacity. The actuator presented a high load capacity with reduced weight, lifting more than 100 times its own mass, with a low-cost and robust external system. The simplicity of the actuator’s control and production and its lightness make it a suitable option for a wide range of applications, including wearable exoskeletons.

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“…For instance, Castaldi [18] presented an effective endothermic fuel platform for regeneratively cooled hypersonic vehicles. The current research on the convection cooling thermal protection system mainly focuses on optimal control [21], thermal protection efficiency improvement [16,22], structure simplification, and mass reduction [23], but has not yet considered the influence of the coolant force on the stability of the wall plate. Therefore, the dynamics model of panel flutter under the action of coolant is established in this paper based on von Karman's large deformation theory and the Kirchhoff-Love hypothesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Panel Flutter Considering the Effect of Convective Active Cooling

Huang

Yang

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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The aeroelastic characteristics of the panel under the action of coolant are obviously different from the flutter characteristics of the traditional panel. In order to solve this problem, the dynamics model of the panel flutter was established in this paper based on von Karman’s large deformation theory and the Kirchhoff–Love hypothesis. The panel dynamics equations were discretized into constant differential equations with finite degrees of freedom by Galerkin’s method, and solved by the fourth Runge–Kutta method in the time domain. The nonlinear modified piston theory was used to predict the unsteady aerodynamic loads, and the accuracy of the flutter analysis model was verified. On this basis, the effects of the head-panel pressure of coolant, the pressure drop ratio, the coolant injection direction, and the inertial resistance and viscous resistance on panel stability and flight stability were investigated, respectively. The results showed that reducing the pressure drop ratio, and reducing or increasing the head-panel pressure (valuing away from the freestream pressure) can improve the critical dynamic pressure when bifurcation occurs. At M∞=5.0, the pressure drop ratio causes a 22.1% increment in the critical dynamic pressure. The influence of the coolant injection direction on the panel bifurcation is mainly influenced by the head-panel pressure. The inertial resistance slows down the convergence process of the panel response, increases the limit cycle amplitude, and reduces the critical dynamic pressure of the panel, while the viscous resistance plays the opposite role. Based on these conclusions, this paper finally proposes the suppression method of panel fluttering from head-panel pressure, inertial resistance, viscous resistance, etc.

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Shape memory alloy actuator with active cooling device and deflectable winglet application

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Bird-inspired robotics principles as a framework for developing smart aerospace materials

Bird-inspired robotics principles as a framework for developing smart aerospace materials

Hoist-Based Shape Memory Alloy Actuator with Multiple Wires for High-Displacement Applications

Research on Panel Flutter Considering the Effect of Convective Active Cooling

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