Shared versus separate processes for letter and digit identification

McCloskey, Michael; Schubert, Teresa

doi:10.1080/02643294.2013.869202

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In contrast, LHD demonstrated a significant length effect of 461 ms (t(46) = 1.99, p = .05). The length effect exhibited by LHD, with a slope of approximately 500 ms/letter, is consistent with McCloskey and Schubert’s (2013, this issue) report of a significant effect of length on LHD’s oral reading RTs,.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Visual field testing revealed a complete right homonymous hemianopia without macular sparing. See McCloskey and Schubert (2013, this issue) for further information.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…McCloskey and Schubert (McCloskey & Schubert, 2013, this issue; Schubert & McCloskey,2013) proposed that LHD suffered from a deficit in pre-lexical processing that left intact her ability to process the visual forms of letters but specifically disrupted her ability to map between visual representations of letter shapes and their abstract identities. 3 Note that the evidence presented indicates that abstract letter representations are intact, and what is disrupted is access to them from visual input.…”

Section: Reading Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tasks of recognition of oral spelling and reading were administered to DSN and LHD and a group of 8 age-matched controls (see McCloskey & Schubert, 2013, this issue; Schubert & McCloskey, 2013). DPT was not tested on recognition of oral spelling but DSN was administered a list of 90 words that varied in frequency and regularity and LHD was administered a list of 92 words varying in frequency (the list was administered 5 times for reading and once for recognition of oral spelling).…”

Section: Reading Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beyond the visual word form area: The orthography–semantics interface in spelling and reading

Purcell

Shea

Rapp

2014

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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Lexical orthographic information provides the basis for recovering the meanings of words in reading and for generating correct word spellings in writing. Research has provided evidence that an area of the left ventral temporal cortex, a sub-region of what is often referred to as the Visual Word Form Area (VWFA), plays a significant role specifically in lexical orthographic processing. The current investigation goes beyond this previous work by examining the neurotopography of the interface of lexical orthography with semantics. We apply a novel lesion mapping approach with three individuals with acquired dysgraphia and dyslexia who suffered lesions to left ventral temporal cortex. To map cognitive processes to their neural substrates, this lesion mapping approach applies similar logical constraints as used in cognitive neuropsychological research. Using this approach, this investigation: (1) Identifies a region anterior to the VWFA that is important in the interface of orthographic information with semantics for reading and spelling; (2) Determines that, within this Orthography-Semantics Interface Region (OSIR), access to orthography from semantics (spelling) is topographically distinct from access to semantics from orthography (reading); (3) Provides evidence that, within this region, there is modality-specific access to and from lexical semantics for both spoken and written modalities, in both word production and comprehension. Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of the neural architecture at the lexical orthography-semantic-phonological interface within left ventral temporal cortex.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Visual field testing revealed a complete right homonymous hemianopia without macular sparing. See McCloskey and Schubert (2013, this issue) for further information.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reading Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reading Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Beyond the visual word form area: The orthography–semantics interface in spelling and reading

Purcell

Shea

Rapp

2014

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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“…Images of L.H.D. 's lesion and additional case history information can be found inSchubert and McCloskey (2013; also McCloskey, Fischer- Baum, & Schubert, 2013;McCloskey & Schubert, 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Recognition of oral spelling is diagnostic of the central reading processes

Schubert

McCloskey

2015

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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The task of recognition of oral spelling (stimulus: "C-A-T", response: "cat") is often administered to individuals with acquired written language disorders, yet there is no consensus about the underlying cognitive processes. We adjudicate between two existing hypotheses: Recognition of oral spelling uses central reading processes, or recognition of oral spelling uses central spelling processes in reverse. We tested the recognition of oral spelling and spelling to dictation abilities of a single individual with acquired dyslexia and dysgraphia. She was impaired relative to matched controls in spelling to dictation but unimpaired in recognition of oral spelling. Recognition of oral spelling for exception words (e.g., colonel) and pronounceable nonwords (e.g., larth) was intact. Our results were predicted by the hypothesis that recognition of oral spelling involves the central reading processes. We conclude that recognition of oral spelling is a useful tool for probing the integrity of the central reading processes.

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The neural circuits of number and letter copying: an fNIRS study

et al. 2018

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In our daily lives, we are constantly exposed to numbers and letters. However, it is still under debate how letters and numbers are processed in the brain, while information on this topic would allow for a more comprehensive understanding of, for example, known influences of language on numerical cognition or neural circuits shared by numerical cognition and language processing. Some findings provide evidence for a double dissociation between numbers and letters, with numbers being represented in the right and letters in the left hemisphere, while the opposing view suggests a shared neural network. Since processing may depend on the task, we address the reported inconsistencies in a very basic symbol copying task using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). fNIRS data revealed that both number and letter copying rely on the bilateral middle and left inferior frontal gyri. Only numbers elicited additional activation in the bilateral parietal cortex and in the left superior temporal gyrus. However, no cortical activation difference was observed between copying numbers and letters, and there was Bayesian evidence for common activation in the middle frontal gyri and superior parietal lobules. Therefore, we conclude that basic number and letter processing are based on a largely shared cortical network, at least in a simple task such as copying symbols. This suggests that copying can be used as a control condition for more complex tasks in neuroimaging studies without subtracting stimuli-specific activation.

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Shared versus separate processes for letter and digit identification

Cited by 28 publications

References 40 publications

Beyond the visual word form area: The orthography–semantics interface in spelling and reading

Beyond the visual word form area: The orthography–semantics interface in spelling and reading

Recognition of oral spelling is diagnostic of the central reading processes

The neural circuits of number and letter copying: an fNIRS study

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