Through a systematic literature review (SLR), this study aims to analyze the progress achieved in international literature regarding the circular economy (CE) of food waste. As a result, we realized that most of the authors considered had proposed different mathematical models, chemical and thermal treatment methods, statistical, and conceptual frameworks, besides that quantitative and qualitative studies to explain the processes related to the waste and CE in the agrifood sector. Furthermore, in business, management, and accounting, the CE of food waste focuses on added value and optimizing energy use rather than approaching the principles of reduction, reuse, and recycling. This study constitutes a first attempt at understanding the CE of food waste in business, management, and accounting fields of knowledge. This SLR can assist decision-makers, managers, and governments to formulate policies and strategies to effectively implement CE in agrifood supply chains.