“…Results show that both the relative density and the geometrical features of the representative volume element (RVE) strongly affect the equivalent macroscopic elastic behavior of the lattice. In particular, they are useful for modeling lightweight sandwich panels with a lattice core and facings [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. However, the use of inclusions, as shown in Figure 3 , should be considered for modeling dowels whose withdrawal strength is dependent on the mounting and friction forces [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ].…”