Shear, Bulk, and Young’s Moduli of Clay/Polymer Nanocomposites Containing the Stacks of Intercalated Layers as Pseudoparticles

Abstract

The pseudoparticles include the stacks of intercalated layers in the case of incomplete clay exfoliation in clay/polymer nanocomposites. In this article, the effects of pseudoparticle properties on the shear, bulk, and Young’s moduli of nanocomposites are studied using the Norris model. The properties of pseudoparticles are determined in some samples by the experimental data of Young’s modulus and the roles of pseudoparticles in the shear, bulk, and Young’s moduli of nanocomposites are discussed. The calculations show a good agreement with the experimental data when the pseudoparticles are taken into account in the samples. A low number of clay layers in the pseudoparticles present high moduli in nanocomposites. Moreover, the Poisson ratio and Young’s modulus of polymer matrix play different roles in the shear, bulk, and Young’s moduli of nanocomposites.

A Two-Step Methodology to Study the Influence of Aggregation/Agglomeration of Nanoparticles on Young’s Modulus of Polymer Nanocomposites

“…Many researchers have focused on polymer nanocomposites in recent years in order to determine the effective parameters in processing-structure-properties relationships and to optimize the overall performance as measured by mechanical, thermal, physical, and barrier properties [ 1 – 4 ]. A low content of nanoparticles in polymer nanocomposites produces large interfacial area, high modulus, low weight, and inexpensive products that are extremely attractive in the composite industry.…”

Effects of graphene network formation and its correlation with microstructure and mechanical properties in dynamically vulcanized PP/EPDM composites reinforced with few‐layer graphene

“…The results including the measured volumetric strain and hydrostatic pressure of the specimens are shown in Figure 4. Bulk modulus is measured according to the following equation 42 : where β is compressibility, V denotes original volume, Δ V changes in volume and σ hyd is hydrostatic pressure. In the both weight ratios of PP/EPDM (80/20 and 70/30), the bulk modulus of specimens enhance by FLG loading which may be related to the uniform level of dispersion of graphene layers into the PP matrix as well as increased interfacial properties and restricted mobility of the PP chain induced by the formation of graphene network.…”

“…This observation may be related to the packing of FLG layers at higher loading due to the role of FLG layers acting as crack initiators or flaws rather than reinforcing agent. 42 The enhancement of mechanical properties may be related to the formation of FLG network which brings about a suitable adhesion between PP and EPDM phases.…”

“…The results including the measured volumetric strain and hydrostatic pressure of the specimens are shown in Figure 4. Bulk modulus is measured according to the following equation 42 :…”

Nanofiltration of Aqueous Dye Solution through the Diffused Rough Pores of a Carbonaceous–Kaolinite Amalgamation Membrane

“…The rheological response of acrylic–polymer chains under load leads to chain stretching in random directions, provided adequate duration is given. The creep strain of the polymer transfers the shear stress to the kaolin particles through chafing actions, yielding dual effects: breaking up laminar aggregates of kaolin, largely boosting acrylic–kaolin interfacial contacts, and causing interfacial stick–slip transition of polymer stripes among kaolin particles. − As the interfacial contacts are intensely strengthened by the secondary chemical bonding, abrupt release of pressure at the end of isopressing causes rupturing of the polymer phase due to the constrained polymer deformation …”