Shear failure characterization in masonry components made with different mortars based on combined NDT methods

Livitsanos, Georgios; Naveen, S.; Verstrynge, Els; Wevers, Martine; Hemelrijck, Danny Van; Aggelis, Dimitrios G.

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.058

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Although textile reinforced mortar strengthening systems are more compatible with masonry substrate [21,45], most of the in-plane shear studies focus on strengthening with FRP laminates [46,47]. Additionally, detailed full-field measurements of in-plane shear behaviour of non-strengthened lime mortar -clay brick masonry are limited [48], whilst those on strengthened elements typically focus on the bond performance in FRP-brick components [49,50]. Also, although a variety of modelling techniques for masonry exist [51], the interface response is governed by the properties of constituent materials, and an assessment of these properties seems to be lacking for the materials considered in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical assessment of the shear behaviour of lime mortar clay brick masonry triplets

Bompa

Elghazouli

2020

Construction and Building Materials

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This study investigates the fundamental shear response of masonry triplets incorporating fired-clay bricks and hydraulic lime mortars. It examines the behaviour under ambient-dry and wet conditions, corresponding to 48h submersion in water, as well as the effectiveness of strengthening with fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) laminates and glass fibre meshes (GFM). After describing the materials, mix designs and specimen details, the main results from 50 triplet tests subjected to shear and normal pre-compression are presented. Digital image correlation measurement techniques, which are employed in order to obtain a detailed insight into the shear behaviour, enable clear identification and quantification of the main failure modes and response characteristics of the brick-mortar interfaces. The results show that the shear strength of wet triplets was about 20% lower on average than of those in dry conditions. Specimens provided with FRP sheets offered a higher strength enhancement than those with GFM. The strength increase using FRP was in the range of 16.6%-185.8% compared with the non-strengthened dry counterpart, depending on the laminate layout and normal stress level. In contrast, the strength increase using GFM, in conjunction with a mortar overlay, was typically less than 10% compared with the non-strengthened dry counterpart. A significantly higher strength contribution from both FRP and GFM was obtained for elements without pre-compression. Although the strength enhancement using GFM was generally modest, such strengthening is activated gradually leading to a relatively ductile interfacial behaviour in comparison with FRP. In order to provide further insights into the behaviour, complementary nonlinear numerical simulations are undertaken, using the key parameters obtained from the tests. The numerical models employ detailed surface-based cohesive-contact approaches, with due account for inelastic damage at the masonry interfaces, and damage-plasticity modelling for the constitutive response of brick materials. It is shown that the numerical approaches adopted are able to capture reliably the main behavioural characteristics and failure modes, and can therefore be employed for further numerical assessments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical assessment of the shear behaviour of lime mortar clay brick masonry triplets

Bompa

Elghazouli

2020

Construction and Building Materials

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“…In this specific case, the middle brick was placed in a way that provides the two thirds of the total plane surface as a contact plane for the shear forces undertakes (Fig. 1b), as has been commonly applied in the literature [20][21][22]. In this specific case, zero normal horizontal stress was applied [23][24][25].…”

Section: Materials and Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it was observed that due to the lack of lateral confinement, horizontal movement of the edge bricks was possible. Consequently, the fracture was a combination of tensile (Mode I) and shear (Mode II) failure of the mortar joint triggering individual AE events with respective characteristics closer to one or the other mode [22,31]. To determine the excitation type experimentally, the aid of DIC was crucial, as it indicated the different strain components according to the time of occurrence.…”

Section: Experimental: Numerical Propagation Distance Effect On Ae Pamentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of elastic wave propagation in masonry compared with acoustic emission experimental results

Livitsanos

Naveen

Verstrynge

et al. 2020

Archiv.Civ.Mech.Eng

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It has been shown in acoustic emission literature that the distance between a possible cracking event and a receiver is affecting the signal parameters providing a wrong image of the real fracture characteristics. In this study, lab-scale experimental tests on masonry components are performed in order to determine the disturbance of the acoustic emission wave properties and verify the experimental observations via numerical wave propagation analysis. The investigation is extended to different geometries including "couplets," "triplets" and masonry walls. The simulations allow to understand, verify and predict the acoustic emission signal properties alterations in many different types of masonry experiments as well as the correct characterization of the fracture mode.

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“…Compared to structural concrete elements, the monitoring of masonry structures presents researchers with additional challenges that make it necessary to look for innovative techniques, e.g., embedded smart materials or thermography among other systems [17,31]. In this regard, the application of DIC in monitoring masonry structures is less widespread [32,33], and its potential application to the characterization of masonry material has been focused on the evaluation of different reinforcements [26,34] rather than the behavior of the unreinforced masonry itself. An additional advantage of DIC is that it makes it possible to register measurements after crack initiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the behavior of mortar-less joints in compression was found to depend on the roughness and non-flatness of the brick faces that are in contact [33]. Another work [32] focused on the shear behavior of mortar joints in unreinforced masonry, in which specimens with only three bricks were used to characterize the fracture mechanisms of mortars with different properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Retrofitted Masonry Elements under Shear Using Digital Image Correlation

Torres

Varona

Baeza

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Architectural heritage is usually built with masonry structures, which present problems under lateral in-plane loading conditions, such as wind pressure or earthquakes. In order to improve the shear behavior of masonry, the use of a fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) has become an interesting solution because of its synergy of mechanical properties and compatibility with masonry substrates. For a proper structural evaluation, the mechanical behavior of reinforced masonry and the FRCM itself needs to be characterized. Hence, a numerical model to evaluate the FRCM reinforcement requires some mechanical parameters that may be difficult to obtain. In this sense, the shear behavior of masonry can be evaluated by means of diagonal tension tests on small specimens (71 × 71 cm). In this work, a digital image correlation (DIC) monitoring system was used to control displacements and cracking patterns of masonry specimens under shear stress (induced by diagonal tension with FRCM layers) applied to one or two sides. In addition, the mechanical behavior of FRCM coupons under uniaxial tensile tests was also registered with DIC. The displacement measurements obtained by DIC were validated with the measurements registered with LVDT. Unlike LVDT-based techniques, DIC monitoring allowed us to measure deformations in masonry during the full test, detecting crack initiation even before it was visible to the eye.

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Shear failure characterization in masonry components made with different mortars based on combined NDT methods

Cited by 21 publications

References 25 publications

Experimental and numerical assessment of the shear behaviour of lime mortar clay brick masonry triplets

Experimental and numerical assessment of the shear behaviour of lime mortar clay brick masonry triplets

Numerical simulation of elastic wave propagation in masonry compared with acoustic emission experimental results

Study on Retrofitted Masonry Elements under Shear Using Digital Image Correlation

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