Shear stress tolerance of Streptococcus mutans aggregates determined by microfluidic funnel device (μFFD)

Shumi, Wahhida; Kim, So Hyun; Lim, Jong In; Cho, Kyung-Suk; Han, Hwataik; Park, Sungsu

doi:10.1016/j.mimet.2013.02.004

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Recently, an interproximal (IP) space mimicked microfluidic funnel device has been used to investigate the shear tolerance of S. mutans aggregates (Shumi et al 2013). Flow chamber and microfluidic devices are capable of real-time observation of bacterial adhesion and initial biofilm formation, but the magnitude of the generated shear stress is limited due to the dimensions of the device.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the mechanical stability and surface detachment of matureStreptococcus mutansbiofilms by applying a range of external shear forces

2014

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Well-established biofilms formed by Streptococcus mutans via exopolysaccharide matrix synthesis are firmly attached to tooth surfaces. Enhanced understanding of the physical properties of mature biofilms may lead to improved approaches to detaching or disassembling these highly organized and adhesive structures. Here, the mechanical stability of S. mutans biofilms was investigated by determining their ability to withstand measured applications of shear stress using a custom-built device. The data show that the initial biofilm bulk (~ 50% biomass) was removed after exposure to 0.184 and 0.449 N m(-2) for 67 and 115 h old biofilms. However, removal of the remaining biofilm close to the surface was significantly reduced (vs initial bulk removal) even when shear forces were increased 10-fold. Treatment of biofilms with exopolysaccharide-digesting dextranase substantially compromised their mechanical stability and rigidity, resulting in bulk removal at a shear stress as low as 0.027 N m(-2) and > a two-fold reduction in the storage modulus (G'). The data reveal how incremental increases in shear stress cause distinctive patterns of biofilm detachment, while demonstrating that the exopolysaccharide matrix modulates the resistance of biofilms to mechanical clearance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the mechanical stability and surface detachment of matureStreptococcus mutansbiofilms by applying a range of external shear forces

2014

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“…The attachment of S. mutans aggregates on tooth surface starts the process of dental caries 7) . This process depends on glucans synthesized in situ via the activation of glucosyltransferases (Gtfs) gene expressions when sucrose becomes available 8) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of apigenin on surface-associated characteristics and adherence of <i>Streptococcus mutans </i>

Liu

Han²,

Yang

et al. 2020

Dent. Mater. J.

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Apigenin is a type of flavonols that exhibits anti-caries properties. Bacterial adherence is the initial step in the forming of a stable biofilm that leads to caries. Bacterial adherence is affected by surface characteristics, including hydrophobicity and bacterial aggregation. However, the effect of apigenin on surface characteristics of cariogenic bacteria has not been reported. We aimed to examine the effects of apigenin on adherence and biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans UA159. Hydrophobicity and bacterial aggregation, pac and gbpC gene expressions, and cytotoxicity on human dental pulp cells were also determined. Apigenin significantly inhibited the adherence and biofilm formation of S. mutans. Hydrophobicity decreased, whereas the aggregation rate was significantly increased compared with the control. Apigenin significantly suppressed pac and gbpC gene expressions. Apigenin exhibited acceptable biocompatibility on hDPCs. Thus, apigeinin may affect adherence and biofilm formation by altering the surface properties of S. mutans without obvious adverse effect on hDPCs.

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“…Adhesion characteristics include adhesive pressure, which measures the applied stress needed to induce the removal of biofilm fragments from the substratum. Adhesive capacities of a biofilm can be inferred from tests in hydrodynamic conditions to simulate microirrigation conditions, 66 , 91 , 92 or with directly imposed forces. 93 , 94 Under hydrodynamic conditions, the biofilm undergoes a pressure due to the fluid, and the percentage reduction of the biomass or of the surface coverage is measured.…”

Section: Measuring Relevant Mechanical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are the relevant parameters to use when studying the conditions under which biofilm failure occurs. The relevant variables are limit shear stress, 92 , 99 adhesion strength, 91 , 100 – 102 and cohesive energy. 103 The overall aim is to find the right conditions under which the biofilm can be actually destroyed.…”

Section: Measuring Relevant Mechanical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards standardized mechanical characterization of microbial biofilms: analysis and critical review

Boudarel

Mathias²,

Blaysat

et al. 2018

npj Biofilms Microbiomes

124

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Developing reliable anti-biofilm strategies or efficient biofilm-based bioprocesses strongly depends on having a clear understanding of the mechanisms underlying biofilm development, and knowledge of the relevant mechanical parameters describing microbial biofilm behavior. Many varied mechanical testing methods are available to assess these parameters. The mechanical properties thus identified can then be used to compare protocols such as antibiotic screening. However, the lack of standardization in both mechanical testing and the associated identification methods for a given microbiological goal remains a blind spot in the biofilm community. The pursuit of standardization is problematic, as biofilms are living structures, i.e., both complex and dynamic. Here, we review the main available methods for characterizing the mechanical properties of biofilms through the lens of the relationship linking experimental testing to the identification of mechanical parameters. We propose guidelines for characterizing biofilms according to microbiological objectives that will help the reader choose an appropriate test and a relevant identification method for measuring any given mechanical parameter. The use of a common methodology for the mechanical characterization of biofilms will enable reliable analysis and comparison of microbiological protocols needed for improvement of engineering process and screening.

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Shear stress tolerance of Streptococcus mutans aggregates determined by microfluidic funnel device (μFFD)

Cited by 15 publications

References 28 publications

Analysis of the mechanical stability and surface detachment of matureStreptococcus mutansbiofilms by applying a range of external shear forces

Analysis of the mechanical stability and surface detachment of matureStreptococcus mutansbiofilms by applying a range of external shear forces

Effect of apigenin on surface-associated characteristics and adherence of <i>Streptococcus mutans </i>

Towards standardized mechanical characterization of microbial biofilms: analysis and critical review

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