Sheep Grazing in a Wheat-Fallow System Affects Dryland Soil Properties and Grain Yield

Sainju, Upendra M.; Lenssen, Andrew W.; Goosey, Hayes B.; Snyder, Erin; Hatfield, P. G.

doi:10.2136/sssaj2010.0202

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These results are consistent with studies conducted at the same experimental site (Sainju et al, 2011;Lenssen et al, 2013) and demonstrate the long-term (7-yr) efficacy of an integrated livestock-wheat production system. The results also suggest that grazing-based management provides yields similar to conventional and reduced tillage even in conditions of higher yield potential.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…During the first 5 yr of this study, the rotations were CSW and wheat-fallow systems. Our results indicated that sheep-grazed systems resulted in wheat yields equivalent to conventional herbicide-and tillage-based systems (Sainju et al, 2011;Lenssen et al, 2013). This article reports the continuation and modification of the original study with the overall goal of increasing our knowledge base on the effects of crop diversification and grazing on spring wheat yields and quality (test weights and protein content) and weed abundance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Between 2004 and 2008, wheat was grown in the area in a randomized split-plot design with summer fallow management treatments (grazed, chemical, and tillage) applied to plots and cropping system treatments (CSW, spring wheat-fallow, and winter wheat-fallow) assigned to split-plots (Sainju et al, 2011;Lenssen et al, 2013). In 2009, the wheat-fallow rotation was replaced with a 3-yr rotation of intercropped pea (Pisum sativum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) used for a foragefallow-spring wheat (FR-F-W) rotation, with each phase present every year (Table 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, fallow management practices (grazed, minimum tillage, and conventional tillage) were applied at the whole-plot level (0.55 ha in size, replicated three times) and were carried over from a previous experiment (Sainju et al, 2011;Lenssen et al, 2013) for logistical reasons and to examine their long-term agronomic consequences. Main plots were divided into four, 0.14-ha subplots corresponding to different cropping systems.…”

Section: Experimental Design and Cropping Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrating Sheep Grazing into Cereal‐Based Crop Rotations: Spring Wheat Yields and Weed Communities

et al. 2015

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Crop diversification and integration of livestock into cropping systems may improve the economic and environmental sustainability of agricultural systems. However, few studies have examined the integration of these practices in the semiarid areas of the Northern Great Plains (NGP). A 3-yr experiment was conducted near Bozeman, MT, to compare the effects of crop rotation diversity and weed management practices imposed during fallow periods [sheep (Ovis aries) grazing, reduced tillage, and conventional tillage] on spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields and weed pressure. Management treatments were applied to replicated whole plots, within which the split-plots received crop rotation treatments [continuous spring wheat (CSW) and a 3-yr rotation of annual forage, fallow, and spring wheat, where each phase was present in each year]. In the initial 2 yr, the realized rotational treatments were wheat-fallow and CSW. In the final year, wheat was grown following all phases of the diversified rotation. Yields were similar among management treatments within the wheat-fallow and CSW rotations. Weed pressure was generally low but perennial weeds were more abundant in grazing-managed, wheat-fallow systems. The integration of livestock into the annual hay crop-fallow-spring wheat rotation was associated with a nearly 30-fold increase in weed pressure and a yield reduction of 51.2% compared to conventional management. The results suggest that although targeted sheep grazing is a viable alternative to conventional fallow management in CSW and wheat-fallow rotations, successful integration of livestock in diversified cropping systems requires more effective weed management practices. ABStRACtCrop diversi cation and integration of livestock into cropping systems may improve the economic and environmental sustainability of agricultural systems. However, few studies have examined the integration of these practices in the semiarid areas of the Northern Great Plains (NGP). A 3-yr experiment was conducted near Bozeman, MT, to compare the e ects of crop rotation diversity and weed management practices imposed during fallow periods [sheep (Ovis aries) grazing, reduced tillage, and conventional tillage] on spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields and weed pressure. Management treatments were applied to replicated whole plots, within which the split-plots received crop rotation treatments [continuous spring wheat (CSW) and a 3-yr rotation of annual forage, fallow, and spring wheat, where each phase was present in each year]. In the initial 2 yr, the realized rotational treatments were wheat-fallow and CSW. In the nal year, wheat was grown following all phases of the diversi ed rotation. Yields were similar among management treatments within the wheat-fallow and CSW rotations. Weed pressure was generally low but perennial weeds were more abundant in grazing-managed, wheat-fallow systems. e integration of livestock into the annual hay crop-fallow-spring wheat rotation was associated with a nearly 30-fold increase in weed pres...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

mentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Design and Cropping Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrating Sheep Grazing into Cereal‐Based Crop Rotations: Spring Wheat Yields and Weed Communities

et al. 2015

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“…This was done to include soil residual N so that the concentration of N in the fertilization rates does not exceed the desired amount. Because the soil contained high levels of extractable P and K (Sainju et al 2011), no P and K fertilizers were applied. Immediately after fertilization, spring wheat (cultivar McNeal, Foundation Seed, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana) was planted in CSW and W-P/B-F using a drill equipped with double disc openers spaced 30 cm apart.…”

Section: Crop Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate and active soil nitrogen fractions are reduced by sheep grazing in dryland cropping systems

Sainju

Barsotti

Lenssen

et al. 2014

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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Sheep (Ovis aries L.) grazing, a cost-effective method of weed control compared to herbicide application and tillage, may influence N cycling by consuming crop residue and weeds and returning N through feces and urine to the soil. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of sheep grazing compared to tillage and herbicide application for weed control on soil particulate and active soil N fractions in dryland cropping systems. Our hypothesis was that sheep grazing used for weed control would increase particulate and active soil N fractions compared to tillage and herbicide application. Abstract Sheep (Ovis aries L.) grazing, a costeffective method of weed control compared to herbicide application and tillage, may influence N cycling by consuming crop residue and weeds and returning N through feces and urine to the soil. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of sheep grazing compared to tillage and herbicide application for weed control on soil particulate and active soil N fractions in dryland cropping systems. Our hypothesis was that sheep grazing used for weed control would increase particulate and active soil N fractions compared to tillage and herbicide application.

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Changes in soil chemical properties and crop yields with long‐term cropping system and nitrogen fertilization

Sainju

Alasinrin

2020

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Information is needed on the long-term impact of cropping system and N fertilization on dryland soil health and crop yields. We studied the 13-yr effect of cropping system and N fertilization rate on soil chemical properties at the 0-to 60-cm depth and related them to annualized crop yield in the northern Great Plains. Cropping systems were conventional tillage barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)/spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L)-fallow (CTB/WF), no-tillage barley/spring wheat-fallow (NTB/WF), notillage barley/spring wheat-pea (Pisum sativum L) (NTB/WP), and no-tillage continuous barley/spring wheat (NTCB/W). Nitrogen fertilization rates were 0, 40, 80, and 120 kg N ha −1 to barley planted from 2006 to 2011 and 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg N ha −1 to spring wheat planted from 2012 to 2018. At 0 to 5 cm, soil pH and CEC were greater with NTB/WP than NTCB/W and CTB/WF, and soil organic matter (SOM) and Olsen-P were greater with NTCB/W than CTB/WF. Increased N rate reduced soil pH, K, Ca, Mg, and CEC at most soil depths. Annualized crop yield was greater with NTCB/W and NTB/WP than NTB/WF and CTB/WF and maximized at 80-100 kg N ha −1. Most soil chemical properties induced by N fertilization were negatively correlated, but Mg concentration at 30-60 cm induced by cropping system was positively correlated with annualized crop yield. No-till barley/spring wheat-pea rotation with 80-100 kg N ha −1 can sustain dryland soil chemical properties and barley and spring wheat yields in the northern Great Plains. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Sheep Grazing in a Wheat-Fallow System Affects Dryland Soil Properties and Grain Yield

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Integrating Sheep Grazing into Cereal‐Based Crop Rotations: Spring Wheat Yields and Weed Communities

Integrating Sheep Grazing into Cereal‐Based Crop Rotations: Spring Wheat Yields and Weed Communities

Particulate and active soil nitrogen fractions are reduced by sheep grazing in dryland cropping systems

Changes in soil chemical properties and crop yields with long‐term cropping system and nitrogen fertilization

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