Shell-Isolated Nanoparticle-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Abstract

In 2010, Tian et al. reported the development of a new, relatively sensitive method of the chemical analysis of various surfaces, including buried interfaces (for example the surfaces of solid samples in a high-pressure gas or a liquid), which makes it possible to analyze various biological samples in situ . They called their method shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS). SHINERS spectroscopy is a type of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) in which an increase in the efficiency of the Raman scattering is induced by plasmonic nanoparticles acting as electromagnetic resonators that locally significantly enhance the electric field of the incident electromagnetic radiation. In the case of SHINERS measurements, the plasmonic nanoparticles are covered by a very thin transparent protective layer (formed, for example, from various oxides such as SiO 2 , MnO 2 , TiO 2 , or organic polymers) that does not significantly damp surface electromagnetic enhancement, but does separate the nanoparticles from direct contact with the probed material and keeps them from agglomerating. Preventing direct contact between the metal plasmonic structures and the analyzed samples is especially important when biological samples are investigated, because direct interaction between the metal nanoparticles and various biological molecules (e.g., peptides) may lead to a change in the structure of those biomolecules. In this mini-review, the state of the art of SHINERS spectroscopy is briefly described.

Clusters Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering for the detection of the drug resistance gene MacB

“…As the quality of the original spectra was improved after intercepting the spectra, there was still invalid information in the spectra. The normalisation pre-processing method was used to eliminate the drift in the spectral measurements, amplify and separate the overlapping information, showing great vitality in the biomedical field with high sensitivity 34,35 . In contrast, the CRISPR/Cas system for nucleic acid detection is currently hot and has received great attention from many scholars, with the characteristic of specific identification of target gene sequences 36 .…”

Raman opportunities in the field of pathological calcifications

“…This is the first report of SHINERS used in the diagnosis of breast cancer cells. Since this pioneering work, different reviews dedicated to the use of SERS and SHINERS for investigations in medicine have been published [74][75][76].…”

Reduced Self-Aggregation and Improved Stability of Silica-Coated Fe3O4/Ag SERS-Active Nanotags Functionalized With 2-Mercaptoethanesulfonate

“…It is based on the idea of forming a continuous dielectric shell, borrowing SERS enhancement from the plasmonic particle underneath, and bringing such a system into contact with the sample: the concept that was originally proposed by Li et al (Li et al, 2010). Growing interest in SHINERS analysis over the last decade is related to the versatility of its use to surfaces of any composition and substrate morphology, as well as to the elimination of a direct influence of the metal structures on the examined molecules (Li et al, 2017;Krajczewski and Kudelski, 2019).…”