Shielding efficiency of lead borate and nickel borate glasses for gamma rays and neutrons

Singh, Vishwanath Pratap; Badiger, N.M.

doi:10.1134/s1087659615030177

Cited by 102 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…To overcome these demerits of lead, researchers are in ease to fabricate a lead free shielding material, which is light weight and effective in absorbing high energy radiations. Research efforts is enhancing day by day, such that, a few studies have been reported on polymer composite radiation shields over the globe, whereas in India, studies are being carried out mainly on glass based radiation shields, and a very few on polymers composites . The chief advantage of using polymers as a matrix is the low cost, easy processability, good chemical resistance, low specific gravity and light weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of bismuth oxide as a reinforcer on gamma shielding ability of unsaturated polyester based polymer composites

Ambika

Nagaiah

Suman

2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

105

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Unsaturated Polyester resin is reinforced with Bi 2 O 3 up to 60% filler weight. The effect of bismuth oxide on gamma shielding ability of the composites is studied in terms of attenuation parameters using Ba-133, Cs-137, and Co-60 gamma ray sources. The results reveal that, the shielding property of the composite material increases with increase in the filler concentration and decreases with energy. The HVL, TVL, and relaxation length of the composites are found to decrease with increase in the filler concentration. It is found that, the shielding ability of 60% filled polymer composite is comparable to that of barite at low energy. The above polymer composite performs well at all energies and can act as an excellent gamma radiation shield for low energies and also proved to be light weight when compared to the conventional shielding materials. Thus, the gamma shielding ability of the UP resin is enhanced due to the addition of Bi 2 O 3 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of bismuth oxide as a reinforcer on gamma shielding ability of unsaturated polyester based polymer composites

Ambika

Nagaiah

Suman

2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

105

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“…While health concerns discourage the use of toxic lead, the usage of concrete has space constraints. Different glass systems incorporating heavy metals have been investigated for radiation shielding [1][2][3][4][5] as they have the advantage of less toxicity and being transparent to visible light. Significant research efforts towards designing lightweight, flexible, and cost-effective radiation shields have focused on polymer composites for radiation shielding applications [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attenuation parameters of polyvinyl alcohol-tungsten oxide composites at the photon energies 5.895, 6.490, 59.54 and 662 keV

Muthamma

Gudennavar

2020

Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering

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AbstractThe growing demand for lightweight, non-toxic and effective X- and γ-ray shielding materials in various fields has led to the exploration of various polymer composites for shielding applications. In this study, tungsten filled polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composites of varying WO3 concentrations (0 - 50 wt%) were prepared by solution cast technique. The structural, morphological, and thermal properties of the prepared composite films were studied using X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The AC conductivity studies showed the low conductivity property of the composites. The X-ray (5.895 and 6.490 keV) and γ-ray (59.54 and 662 keV) attenuation studies performed using CdTe and NaI(Tl) detector spectrometers revealed a noticeable increase in shielding efficiency with increase in filler wt%. The effective atomic number (Zeff) calculated by the direct method agreed with the values obtained using Auto-Zeff software. The % heaviness showed that tungsten filled polyvinyl alcohol composites are lighter than traditional shielding materials.

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“…In the search for materials that can attenuate hazardous radiation, lead and lead oxide glasses have proven to offer effective shielding to X-rays and γ-rays, 1-4 due to the high density, high atomic number, and high resistance to chemical corrosion of lead. 16,17 Now the focus has shifted to lightweight, cost-effective, and optically transparent polymer composites, which can take any shape, as radiation shields. 5,6 High-density materials like concrete, which have effective shielding properties and are inexpensive and easy to fabricate, become weaker at elevated temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12][13][14][15] The presence of oxides of low-Z elements like beryllium, lithium, and boron in glasses helps to slow down fast neutrons and capture slower neutrons. 16,17 Now the focus has shifted to lightweight, cost-effective, and optically transparent polymer composites, which can take any shape, as radiation shields. Polymers like polyamide 6, low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), kapton polyimide, and isophthalic resin filled with suitable high-Z elements have drawn attention for their gamma-attenuation properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(vinyl alcohol)–bismuth oxide composites for X‐ray and γ‐ray shielding applications

Muthamma

Bubbly

Gudennavar

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polymer composites, which are light in weight, cost effective, and less toxic, have potential applications in X-ray and γ-ray shielding and protection. In this work, we have explored the efficacy of poly(vinyl alcohol)-bismuth oxide composites as radiation shielding materials. Poly(vinyl alcohol) composites with different wt % (0-50) of bismuth were prepared by a simple solution casting technique. Structural and thermal characterization of these samples was carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). TGA revealed the enhanced thermal stability of these composites. AC conductivity measurements and optical spectroscopy were used to analyze their electrical behavior. The composites showed low conductivity, and the energy gap obtained also showed their tendency to be insulators. The radiation attenuation properties were investigated using X-ray (5.895 and 6.490 keV) and γ-ray (59.54 and 662 keV) transmission measurements. The shielding efficiency of the composites increased with filler wt %. The 40 wt % composites exhibited mass attenuation coefficients of 122.68 and 93.02 cm 2 /g at photon energies of 5.895 and 6.490 keV, respectively, while the 50 wt % composites showed 1.57 and 0.092 cm 2 /g at photon energies of 59.54 and 662 keV, respectively. The effective atomic number quantifies the probability of interaction of radiation with matter. The effective atomic number of the composites calculated by the direct method was in good agreement with the theoretical value obtained from Auto-Zeff software.

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Shielding efficiency of lead borate and nickel borate glasses for gamma rays and neutrons

Cited by 102 publications

References 15 publications

Role of bismuth oxide as a reinforcer on gamma shielding ability of unsaturated polyester based polymer composites

Role of bismuth oxide as a reinforcer on gamma shielding ability of unsaturated polyester based polymer composites

Attenuation parameters of polyvinyl alcohol-tungsten oxide composites at the photon energies 5.895, 6.490, 59.54 and 662 keV

Poly(vinyl alcohol)–bismuth oxide composites for X‐ray and γ‐ray shielding applications

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