Shifting Desulfurization Equilibria in Ionic Liquid–Oil Mixtures

Kareem, Jalil H.; Abbott, Andrew P.; Ryder, Karl S.

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b04291

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…From then on, hydrophobic and magnetic [Bmim][FeCl 4 ] has attracted much attention in aromatic sulfur removal. Nevertheless, the extractive desulfurization efficiency was limited due to the extraction equilibrium of aromatic sulfur compounds in metal chloride ILs …”

Section: Oxidative Desulfurization Of Organic Sulfide In Milsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the extractive desulfurization efficiency was limited due to the extraction equilibrium of aromatic sulfur compounds in metal chloride ILs. 64 Therefore, introducing oxidant into the above desulfurization system to convert hydrophobic organic sulfides into the hydrophilic sulfones or sulfoxides is a promising strategy to improve sulfur compounds removal. Li et al 65 introduced H 2 O 2 into [Bmim]Cl/FeCl 3 to form Fenton-like systems for ODS of organic sulfide with 99.2% removal efficiency of DBT within 30 min.…”

Section: Oxidative Desulfurization Of Organic Sulfide In Milsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metal-Based Ionic Liquids in Oxidative Desulfurization: A Critical Review

Fen

Qazi

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

121

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Ionic liquids (ILs) as novel functional desulfurization materials have attracted increasing attentions. Metal-based ionic liquids (MILs) are classified into three types of metal chloride ILs, metal oxide ILs, and metal complex ILs based on the definition and basic structure of MILs in this critical review. On the basis of the properties of ILs such as structure designability, super dissolution performance, good thermal and chemical stability, nonflammability, and wide electrochemical window, MILs exhibit unique advantages on hydrophobicity, oxidation performance, and Bronsted−Lewis acidity. Therefore, MILs possess both the absorption and oxidation centers for the intramolecular adsorption and oxidation to improve the oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process. During the novel nonaqueous wet oxidative desulfurization process (Nasil), H 2 S can be oxidized into elemental sulfur with hydrophobic MILs, which can be regenerated by oxygen for recycle, to solve the problems of low sulfur capacity, low sulfur quality, and severe secondary pollution in the aqueous Lo-Cat wet oxidative desulfurization process. Another outstanding feature of MILs in ODS is biomimetic catalysis, which has the function of activating molecular oxygen and improving the oxidation performance. Metal oxide ILs and metal complex ILs are used in combination with hydrogen peroxide or oxygen with the existing water to generate a Fenton-like reaction to convert hydrophobic organic sulfur or SO 2 into hydrophilic sulfoxide/sulfone or sulfur acid, respectively. However, the corrosion of Cl − to the equipment and emulsification phenomenon in the extraction process of sulfoxide/sulfone separation still need further study. Furthermore, the promising strategies to construct highly efficient and green desulfurization processes for large-scale applications are provided.

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Section: Oxidative Desulfurization Of Organic Sulfide In Milsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oxidative Desulfurization Of Organic Sulfide In Milsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal-Based Ionic Liquids in Oxidative Desulfurization: A Critical Review

Fen

Qazi

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

121

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“… 20 Typically, these are mixtures of quaternary ammonium salts mixed with metal salts or hydrogen bond donors (HBDs), 21 , 22 although others such as the combination of metal salts with HBDs also exist. 23 DESs have been applied in many areas including electrodeposition of metals and alloys, 24 , 25 conducting polymers, 26 , 27 metal finishing, desulfurization, 28 pharmaceuticals, 29 , 30 and energy storage. 31 This is due to the fact that they are cheap, are easy to prepare, are non-volatile, are biodegradable, are insensitive to water, and typically have low toxicity, all of which make their use in large-scale applications highly favorable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Graphene Oxide and Temperature on Electrochemical Polymerization of Pyrrole and Its Stability Performance in a Novel Eutectic Solvent (Choline Chloride–Phenol) for Supercapacitor Applications

et al. 2022

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Polypyrrole (Ppy)-modified graphene oxide (GO) electrodes were synthesized for the first time in a choline chloride–phenol-based deep eutectic solvent at various temperatures via electrochemical methods without the addition of any inorganic or organic catalysts. The surface morphologies and structures of the modified films were assessed via scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction techniques. The electrochemical properties and stability of the modified electrodes were investigated via cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy at various temperatures and scan rates. The results showed that the specific capacitance of the nanocomposites decreased with increasing scan rate during cycling. Additionally, the specific capacitances of the pure Ppy and Ppy/GO films increased with increasing temperature of the electrolyte (monomer-free), attributed to the reduction in viscosity at elevated temperature. The specific capacitances at 5 mV s –1 were found to be 1071.78 and 594.79 F g –1 for Ppy/GO (20 wt %) at 50 and 25 °C, respectively. It was also observed that the resistance in the cell decreased with increasing electrolyte temperature. Ppy/GO at 50 mV s –1 was found to have the highest capacitance retention of 85% after 2000 cycles, showing better cycling stability than the pure Ppy film. Herein, the incorporation of GO in the Ppy matrix led to improved specific capacitance and cyclic stability, suggesting that Ppy/GO could represent a promising electrode material for supercapacitor applications.

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“…

main reason for its removal in fuel products (Dehkordi et al, 2009). To allow the transition of the Iraqi oil refining industry to the production of fuels that meet European standards, reducing aromatic S-containing compounds in oil products to a minimum (around 10-15 ppm) is vital (Kareem et al, 2019).In the industry, hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is currently the major trend in hydrocarbons purification with regard to the removal of sulfur impurities in their hydrotreating using solid catalysts. However, this operation has a relatively low efficiency in terms of the removal of polycyclic organosulfur species such as dibenzothiophenes and their alkyl derivatives.

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…main reason for its removal in fuel products (Dehkordi et al, 2009). To allow the transition of the Iraqi oil refining industry to the production of fuels that meet European standards, reducing aromatic S-containing compounds in oil products to a minimum (around 10-15 ppm) is vital (Kareem et al, 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel Using Three Kinds of Carboxylic Acids Supported by Iron(III) Chloride

Kareem¹

2021

Polytechnic j.

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Aqueous carboxylic acids (CA) are generally used as attractive catalytic extractants in the field of desulfurization of petroleum products. In the present study, a triple system consisting of CA-ferric chloride-hydrogen peroxide has been used for the removal of aromatic S-compounds from partially hydrotreated diesel by liquid−liquid oxidative-extraction. The influence of various operating parameters affecting the oxidative desulfurization was experimentally investigated. Formic acid (HCOOH), acetic acid (CH3COOH), and propanoic acid (CH3CH2COOH) as aqueous solutions with hydrogen peroxide and iron(III) chloride (FeCl3) as oxidant and catalytic agent, respectively, were used. All experiments were carried out at 55°C with different oxidant to sulfur mole ratios (nH2O2/nS) (15–36), CA to sulfur mole ratios (nCA/nS) (2–26), and oxidation reaction times (5–25 min). Within 25 min of the treatment, a maximum elimination of aromatic S-compounds of 65.1% was obtained when molar ratio of oxidant to sulfur (nH2O2/nS) was 36 and molar ratio of CA to sulfur (nCA/nS) was 26. Surface tension calculations for the CAs demonstrated that the average void radius of the acids has a pronounced effect on the fitting of S-compounds from diesel fuel into acids and is important to sulfur removal. Further, increasing the desulfurization efficiency was also energetically affected in the presence of ferric halide. The obtention of the sulfur removal ability value was noticeably higher than was achieved by employing similar reaction conditions in the absence of FeCl3.

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Shifting Desulfurization Equilibria in Ionic Liquid–Oil Mixtures

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

Metal-Based Ionic Liquids in Oxidative Desulfurization: A Critical Review

Metal-Based Ionic Liquids in Oxidative Desulfurization: A Critical Review

Effect of Graphene Oxide and Temperature on Electrochemical Polymerization of Pyrrole and Its Stability Performance in a Novel Eutectic Solvent (Choline Chloride–Phenol) for Supercapacitor Applications

Oxidative Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel Using Three Kinds of Carboxylic Acids Supported by Iron(III) Chloride

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