Shipping Low Frequency Noise and Its Propagation in Shallow Water

Kozaczka, Eugeniusz; Grelowska, G.

doi:10.12693/aphyspola.119.1009

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The passing and underwater moving objects produce the noise of variable intensity, which significantly increases the overall level of noise in the sea (Arveson, Vendittis, 2000;Hildebrand, 2009;Kozaczka, Grelowska, 2004;2011;Ross, 2005). This applies to both the sonic and ultrasonic range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underwater Noise Generated by a Small Ship in the Shallow Sea

Grelowska¹,

Kozaczka²,

Kozaczka³

et al. 2013

Archives of Acoustics

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Study of the sea noise has been a subject of interest for many years. The first works in this scope were published at the turn of the twentieth century by Knudsen (Knudsen et al., 1948) and G. Wenz (Wenz, 1962). Disturbances called "shipping noise" are one of the important components of the sea noise.In this work the results of an experimental research of underwater noise produced by a small ship of a classic propulsion are presented. A linear receiving antenna composed of two orthogonal components was used in the investigation. Identification of the main sources of acoustic waves related with the ship was achieved. In addition, the intensity of the wave was measured. The research was performed in conditions of the shallow sea.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underwater Noise Generated by a Small Ship in the Shallow Sea

Grelowska¹,

Kozaczka²,

Kozaczka³

et al. 2013

Archives of Acoustics

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“…Applying a linear antenna in a system tracking a tone source is described in work (Orlov and Rodionov, 2008), while in our experiment the real sources producing broadband noise are the observed objects (Kozaczka, Grelowska, 2011;Grelowska et al, 2013b;Kozaczka et al, 2007aKozaczka et al, , 2007b.…”

Section: Images Of Moving Objectsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Underwater Acoustic Imaging of the Sea

Grelowska¹,

Kozaczka²

2015

Archives of Acoustics

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Acoustic waves are a carrier of information mainly in environments where the use of other types of waves, for example electromagnetic waves, is limited. The term acoustical imaging is widely used in the ultrasonic engineering to imaging areas in which the acoustic waves propagate. In particular, ultrasound is widely used in the visualization of human organs -ultrasonography (Nowicki, 2010).Expanding the concept, acoustical imaging can also be used to presentation (monitoring) the current state of sound intensity distribution leading to characterization of sources in observed underwater region. This can be represented in the form of an acoustic characteristic of the area, for example as a spectrogram.Knowledge of the underwater world which is built by analogy to the perception of the space on the Earth's surface is to be systematize in the form of images. Those images arise as a result of graphical representation of processed acoustic signals.In this paper, it is explained why acoustic waves are used in underwater imaging. Furthermore, the passive and active systems for underwater observation are presented. The paper is illustrated by acoustic images, most of them originated from our own investigation.

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“…Because passive sonars receive and process broadband signals of shipping noise with frequency bands comprising several octaves [9,17,18,19], spatial signal processing in the sonars is much more complex than described in the previous section. The SQR-19PG sonar with towed linear array is an example.…”

Section: Wideband Beam-forming For Passive Sonar With Towed Linear Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%