Shock Propagation in Nonreactive Porous Solids

Linde, Ronald K.; Schmidt, D N

doi:10.1063/1.1703192

Cited by 59 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The powder thickness was known and the transit time through the powder was computed by sub- tracting the transit times through the aluminum back piston and the copper foil. The large deviations between the calculated and measured values for P H are consistent with a 10% or larger decrease in peak amplitude suggested by Linde [3]. The further reduction in peak amplitude is a result of front piston deflection due to the target manufacturing process and the requirement of the target to hold vacuum on the barrel end.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

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One-dimensional strain initiated by rapid compaction of heterogeneous granular mixture consisting of Cu, Fe, SiO2, C, MoS2Sn

Braun¹

2012

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. The aviation industry manufactures brake-pads from a multi-component mixture of copper, iron, silica, graphite, molybdenum-disulfide and tin. The work presented here investigates the possibility of utilizing dynamic compaction in this manufacturing process and compares the end state morphologies and damage mechanisms between samples prepared by static pressing and sintering or dynamic compaction without sintering. Statically compressed and sintered samples were obtained from a commercial vendor, whereas green samples were prepared at Marquette University in a hydraulic press up to pressures of 0.04 GPa. Dynamically compressed samples were prepared in the 25.4 mm air gun at Marquette University up to pressures of 0.5 GPa. The end state morphology of all of the samples was investigated using a scanning electron microscope and electron dispersive spectroscopy. From the dynamics experiments a bulk Hugoniot was obtained and used in a numeric investigation of the compaction process. Both bulk and mesoscale simulations were used to not only reproduce the bulk Hugoniot but also to investigate damage mechanisms. It was found that the dynamically compressed samples had large regions of sintered grains with lateral fractures resulting from release.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…5 and 6 and the experimental data for porous copper from [5]. However, the plot indicates that the iron particles have not yet yielded as evidence by the experimental data of porous iron [3]. A pressure of 0.675 GPa is required to dynamically yield the iron particles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

One-dimensional strain initiated by rapid compaction of heterogeneous granular mixture consisting of Cu, Fe, SiO2, C, MoS2Sn

Braun¹

2012

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…In fact, an abnormal Hugoniot is obtained as 00 Ͻ 0 / ͑1+2/ ␥ 0 ͒, in which case the specific volume increases with increasing pressure. 16 Experimental data for porous materials with low porosity are found to be in good agreement with predicted results 6,17 by using the method of McQueen et al, suggesting that the approximations in this model are basically reasonable and reliable in the case of porosity ␣ 0 Ͻ 1+2/ ␥ 0 .…”

Section: ͑4͒supporting

confidence: 72%

Dynamic densification behavior of nanoiron powders under shock compression

Dai

Eakins

Thadhani

2008

Journal of Applied Physics

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The dynamic densification behavior of nanoiron powder ͑ϳ25 nm particle size͒ prepressed to ϳ35% and ϳ45% of solid density was determined based on measurements of shock input stress and wave velocity by using piezoelectric stress gauges. The experimentally determined shock densification response is observed to be sensitive to the initial density ͑or porosity͒ of prepressed nanoiron powder compacts. Hugoniot measurements show an obvious densification-distension transition at ϳ2 GPa for the ϳ35% dense and ϳ6 GPa for the ϳ45% dense powder compacts. The densification and shock compression responses of the nanoiron powders are also calculated by using isobaric and isochoric models. Correlations of the model calculations with the measured data indicate that the shock Hugoniot of nanoiron powders cannot be correctly described by the currently available analytical models that are otherwise capable of predicting the Hugoniot of highly porous materials ͑prepressed compacts͒ of micron-sized powders.

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“…Cavity collapse plays a prominent role in the initiation of energetic reactions in explosives [5]. In this side, most of previous studies concerned the Hugoniots [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and the equation of state [14][15][16]. It is known that, under strong shocks, the porous material is globally in a nonequilibrium state and show complex dissipative structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characterization of shocked porous material

Xu¹,

Zhang²,

Pan³

et al. 2009

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Abstract. Morphological measures are introduced to probe the complex procedure of shock wave reaction on porous material. They characterize the geometry and topology of the pixelized map of a state variable like the temperature. Relevance of them to thermodynamical properties of material is revealed and various experimental conditions are simulated. Numerical results indicate that, the shock wave reaction results in a complicated sequence of compressions and rarefactions in porous material. The increasing rate of the total fractional white area A roughly gives the velocity D of a compressive-wave-series. When a velocity D is mentioned, the corresponding threshold contour-level of the state variable, like the temperature, should also be stated. When the threshold contour-level increases, D becomes smaller. The area A increases parabolically with time t during the initial period. The A(t) curve goes back to be linear in the following three cases: (i) when the porosity δ approaches 1, (ii) when the initial shock becomes stronger, (iii) when the contour-level approaches the minimum value of the state variable. The area with high-temperature may continue to increase even after the early compressive-waves have arrived at the downstream free surface and some rarefactive-waves have come back into the target body. In the case of energetic material needing a higher temperature for initiation, a higher porosity is preferred and the material may be initiated after the precursory compressive-waves have scanned all the target body. One may desire the fabrication of a porous body and choose appropriate shock strength according to what needed is scattered or connected hotspots. With the Minkowski measures, the dependence on experimental conditions is reflected simply by a few coefficients. They may be used as order parameters to classify the maps of physical variables in a similar way like thermodynamic phase transitions.Submitted to: J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Shock Propagation in Nonreactive Porous Solids

Cited by 59 publications

References 7 publications

One-dimensional strain initiated by rapid compaction of heterogeneous granular mixture consisting of Cu, Fe, SiO2, C, MoS2Sn

One-dimensional strain initiated by rapid compaction of heterogeneous granular mixture consisting of Cu, Fe, SiO2, C, MoS2Sn

Dynamic densification behavior of nanoiron powders under shock compression

Morphological characterization of shocked porous material

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