Obesity is growing public health problem and is associated with the risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases. Changes in the intestinal microbiota of the obese, such as dysbiosis, are responsible for metabolic dysregulation, and the use of prebiotics is used as a way to improve these conditions. In this article which is a systematic review, the effects of prebiotics as a therapeutic approach to overweight were highlighted. Among the results, it was shown to improve inflammatory conditions, systemic endotoxemia, microbiota composition, in addition to favoring SCFA production.