Short Communication Complete mitochondrial genome and codon usage of the Nepalese whiskered bat Myotis muricola (Vespertilionidae)

Abstract

ABSTRACT. We sequenced and characterized the complete mitogenome of the Nepalese whiskered bat Myotis muricola (Vespertilionidae) to provide more data for comparative mitogenomics and codon usage in the genus Myotis (Vespertilionidae). The mitogenome of M. muricola is a circular molecule of 17,224 bp, consisting of a control region and a conserved set of 37 genes containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, and two rRNA genes (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA). The mitogenome of M. muricola is AT-biased, with a nucleotide composition of 33.6% A, 29.7% T, 23.3% C, and 13.4% G. The total length of the 13 mitochondrial PCGs, excluding stop codons, is 11,376 bp, or 3792 amino acids. The relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) of codons ending in A/T was generally higher than that for codons ending in G/C. The most frequently used codons are CTA(Leu) and CGA(Arg), with RSCU values greater than 2.0. The most rarely used codons, all terminating in G, are TCG(Ser), CCG(Pro), GCG(Ala), AAG(Lys), TGG(Try), CGG(Arg), and ACG(Thr), with RSCU values below 0.2. TCG(Ser) occurs only five times, and has the lowest RSCU value (0.091). These results are valuable for a better understanding of the molecular evolution of mitogenomes in the genus Myotis.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the Amur hedgehog Erinaceus amurensis (Erinaceidae) and higher phylogeny of the family Erinaceidae

“…The most abundant start and stop codons were ATG and TAA, respectively. The frequent pattern of ATG and TAA usage as start and stop codons has also been observed in other mammalian mitogenomes Nam et al, 2015;Yoon and Park, 2015). Incomplete stop codons (T-or T--), which are used in three PCGs (Nd3, Cox3, and Nd4), may be completed by poly-adenylation of the 3'-end of the mRNA after transcription (Boore, 1999).…”

“…Some non-coding regions such as the origin of replication (O R ), intergenic spacers, and the control region are important during replication and maintenance (Fernández-Silva et al, 2003). The non-coding regions were also found in the mitogenome of E. amurensis (Table 1 Nam et al, 2015;Yoon and Park, 2015). Intergenic spacers were found in 13 regions of the mitogenome, ranging from seven single-base pair spacers (between tRNA Leu(UUR) (Table 1).…”

Structural characteristics of a mitochondrial control region from Myotis bat (Vespertilionidae) mitogenomes based on sequence datasets

“…Whole mitogenome sequences of five species of the genus Myotis ( M. muricola , M. brandtii , M. formosus , M. macrodactylus , and M. davidii ) have been previously reported [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] . We extracted the CR sequences of these five mitogenomes from GenBank ( Table 1 , Table 2 ).…”

“…We reported the structural characteristics of the CR from the genus Myotis , such as tandem repeat sequences and sequence composition, by analyzing the sequences extracted from five whole genomes. These characteristics may be responsible for the fast evolution of CR [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] . The datasets of CR sequences showed three common domains: extended terminal associated sequences (ETAS), central domain (CD), and conserved sequence block (CSB) ( Fig.…”

Phylogenetic analysis of the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) from China based on mitochondrial genome

“…Mitochondrial genomes differ from nuclear genomes in many ways, e.g., they are inherited maternally, experience higher mutation rates, and do not undergo recombination. Consequently, they are useful in phylogenetic, population genetic, and molecular evolution studies (Yoon and Park, 2015). Genome level analyses that include nucleotide composition, codon usage, gene order arrangement, and secondary structures of tRNAs and rRNAs, are powerful tools for inferring higher-level phylogenies and investigating molecular evolution (Boore, 1999).…”