SHORT COMMUNICATION Growth and Development of White Clover (Trifolium repensL.) as Influenced by P and K Nutrition

Bailey, J. S.

doi:10.1006/anbo.1998.0636

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Potassium increased shoot dry weights of both species, confirming its benefit in promoting growth of legumes (Bailey and Laidlaw 1998). The impact of K + was greater at suboptimal soil moisture, which showed the beneficial effect of this nutrient in mitigating moisture stress, as shown in Phaseolus (Sangakkara et al.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

Influence of Soil Moisture and Fertilizer Potassium on the Vegetative Growth of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)

Sangakkara

Frehner²,

Nösberger³

2001

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Tropical food legumes are grown in a wide range of environments, and water stress is considered the principal environmental factor limiting growth and yield. Potassium fertilizer mitigates the impact of water stress in plants. However, the benefits of potassium in overcoming stress in tropical food legumes have not been investigated in comparative studies. The purpose of this study was to determine the benefits of potassium in overcoming water stress in mungbean and cowpea, two important tropical food legumes with different adaptabilities to soil moisture regimes. The experiment carried out under controlled conditions placed emphasis on vegetative growth and selected physiological parameters. The impact of potassium was different in the two legumes grown at optimal and suboptimal soil moisture. Potassium increased shoot growth of mungbean to a greater extent than in cowpea under suboptimal moisture conditions. The roots of cowpea showed a greater response to potassium fertilizer than in mungbean under suboptimal soil moisture. The plant water relations and photosynthetic rates of mungbean were improved to a greater extent by potassium under suboptimal soil moisture than those of cowpea. Although differences were observed in the responses of the vegetative growth of these species to moisture and potassium, in overall terms potassium promoted growth of both species when subject to suboptimal soil moisture. While field studies are required to validate the results, the application of potassium fertilizer can be considered a significant factor in overcoming soil moisture stress in these legumes commonly grown in tropical cropping systems.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

Influence of Soil Moisture and Fertilizer Potassium on the Vegetative Growth of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)

Sangakkara

Frehner²,

Nösberger³

2001

J Agronomy Crop Science

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“…The lower K concentrations in K0 were observed from the very early stages to the end of the measurements. The observed values were in the range of the K concentrations observed by other authors on K deficient plants (Hylton et al, 1967;Xi et al, 1988;Bailey and Laidlaw, 1998;Bednarz et al, 1998). They were below the critical concentration needed for maximal growth on maize (0.013 g K per g of dry matter according to Leigh and Wyn Jones, 1984;110 mM after Schneider et al, 2003).…”

Section: K Deficiency Cations Concentrations In Shoot Water Tissues supporting

confidence: 53%

“…A slower rate of leaf appearance under K deficiency was observed on rice by White (1993) and on tomato by Pujos and Morard (1997). A reduced size of individual leaves was observed on ryegrass by Hylton et al (1967) and on white clover by Bailey and Laidlaw (1998). More unexpectedly the effect on leaf senescence was very tiny.…”

Section: K Deficiency and Leaf Area Index Establishmentmentioning

confidence: 85%

Leaf area establishment of a maize (Zea Mays L.) field crop under potassium deficiency

Jordan‐Meille

Pellerin

2004

Plant Soil

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The effect of K deficiency on leaf area index (LAI) establishment of a maize field crop (Zea Mays L.) was studied. The experimental work was carried out in 2000 and 2001 on a long-term K fertilization trial. Three K fertilization regimes (K0, K1 and K4) have been applied since 1995, thus leading to contrasted levels of available K in soils (14, 23 and 44 µg exchangeable K per g of dry soil for the three fertilization regimes, respectively). The rate of leaf appearance, the leaf elongation rate (LER), the leaf elongation duration (LED), their final length and width and the number of senescent leaves were investigated. K concentrations in shoot tissue water were lower in K0 plants, whereas concentrations of Ca and Mg were higher. The LAI was reduced in the K0 treatment, mainly because of a slower rate of leaf appearance and a reduced final size of individual leaves. The reduced final length of individual leaves was almost entirely accounted for by a reduced LER during the quasi linear elongation phase. The LED was only slightly affected. A rough parallelism was observed between the relative reduction of leaf length and the relative reduction of plant water content during leaf elongation. Conversely, there was no evidence that leaf elongation was limited by carbohydrate availability in leaf growing zones. This suggests that K deficiency reduced LER probably because of altered plant-water relationships. On the whole, these results strengthen the idea that leaf growth is a key variable for analyzing, and later on modeling, crop growth under K deficiency.Abbreviations: LAI -leaf area index; LER -leaf elongation rate; LED -leaf elongation duration; DM -dry matter.

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“…Both ryegrass and white clover have the ability to modify their morphology in response to increasing demand for K (Bailey and Laidlaw 1998;Høgh-Jensen and Pedersen 2003;Mengel and Steffens 1985) and P . Other studies indicate that sparingly soluble K reserves can make an important contribution to plant nutrition (Badraoui et al 1992;Mengel and Uhlenbecker 1993).…”

Section: Complementaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium determine growth and N2-fixation in white clover and ryegrass leys

Høgh‐Jensen

Schjøerring

2010

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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Variations in yield, N 2 fixation and above-ground accumulation of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in white clover and ryegrass grown separately or in mixture were investigated under field conditions over two consecutive years at different supplies of N, P and/or K. Ryegrassclover mixtures consistently out-yielded the pure stand clover and pure stand ryegrass in terms of dry matter. Improved N supply favoured ryegrass, and ryegrass in mixture with clover accumulated substantially higher amounts of N, P and K than ryegrass in pure stand. Conversely, the growth of white clover in mixture with grass was significantly depressed by N application, particularly when P and K were also applied. Plots of dry matter, N, P and K in white clover versus ryegrass in mixtures followed lognormal relations demonstrating the superior responsiveness of ryegrass to improved availability of N, P and/or K. Although competition for P and/or K reduced the N 2 fixation rate in the mixture, the effect on the total above-ground N accumulation was insignificant. The proportions of P and K in the shoot dry matter of ryegrass in pure stand were only half of those of ryegrass in mixture with clover, while white clover co-cultivated with ryegrass had lower P concentration in dry matter, showing a P deprivation of clover growing in mixture with grass. Na was able to replace K under the competitive conditions in the mixture. In conclusion, the results show that growth and nutrient acquisition of clover and ryegrass interact in a complex manner involving competition, facilitation and complementarity.

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SHORT COMMUNICATION Growth and Development of White Clover (Trifolium repensL.) as Influenced by P and K Nutrition

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

Influence of Soil Moisture and Fertilizer Potassium on the Vegetative Growth of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)

Influence of Soil Moisture and Fertilizer Potassium on the Vegetative Growth of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)

Leaf area establishment of a maize (Zea Mays L.) field crop under potassium deficiency

Interactions between nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium determine growth and N2-fixation in white clover and ryegrass leys

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