Short‐term exposure to triphenyltin affects the swimming and feeding behavior of tadpoles

Semlitsch, Raymond D.; Foglia, Massimiliano; Mueller, Alexandra S.; Steiner, Isabelle; Fioramonti, Ennio; Fent, Karl

doi:10.1002/etc.5620140819

Cited by 44 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Using similar methods and concentrations to ours, Fraker and Smith (2004) found that caffeine affected the activity level of R. pipiens tadpoles, with tadpoles in the 0.1· treatment being less active than the control and the 100· treatment, while the 100· treatment was more active than the .0.1· and 1· treatments. Our results confirm that exposure to contaminants can have sublethal behavioral effects on amphibians, which can ultimately affect predation risk, feeding efficiency or reproductive success, and in turn the persistence of amphibian populations in contaminated areas (Semlitsch et al 1995;Bridges, 2000;Hatch and Blaustein, 2000;Glennemeier and Denver, 2001). None of the three OWCs we studied had a significant effect on growth (e.g., final mass).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Effects of Three Organic Wastewater Contaminants on American Toad, Bufo americanus, Tadpoles

Smith

Burgett

2005

Ecotoxicology

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Recent surveys of aquatic habitats suggest that organic wastewater contaminants (OWCs) may be common in aquatic ecosystems. However, relatively little is known about the impacts of OWCs on amphibians. We studied the lethal and sublethal effects of three OWCs (acetaminophen, caffeine, and triclosan) on American toad (Bufo americanus) tadpoles. High concentrations of triclosan increased activity, whereas acetaminophen had a significant effect on activity but there was no discernable pattern or trend with concentration. Caffeine did not affect activity in B. americanus tadpoles. None of the OWCs we studied had a significant effect on growth. Caffeine had no effect on survivorship. Higher concentrations of acetaminophen increased mortality. Intermediate concentrations of triclosan had a negative effect on survivorship, but the highest concentration apparently had a positive effect on survivorship. Our results suggest that there is variation in the toxicity of the three OWCs we studied.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Effects of Three Organic Wastewater Contaminants on American Toad, Bufo americanus, Tadpoles

Smith

Burgett

2005

Ecotoxicology

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“…Laboratory studies have shown that sublethal contaminant exposure can affect behavior (Semlitsch et al 1995;Bridges 1997Bridges , 1999Burke et al 2010) and physiology (Rowe et al 1998;Palenske et al 2010) of larval amphibians. Often these Confidence intervals were derived from 1,000 bootstrap resampled subsets (size = n surviving) drawn from the overall pool of initial body sizes within each treatment (n = 72 per treatment) sublethal effects are suspected to reduce survival under natural conditions, resulting in latent lethal effects in the terrestrial stage (Boone and Bridges 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Do effects of mercury in larval amphibians persist after metamorphosis?

et al. 2011

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Despite widespread concern about the role of environmental contaminants in global amphibian declines, and evidence that post-metamorphic life stages contribute disproportionately to amphibian population dynamics, most studies in amphibian ecotoxicology focus on larval life stages. Studies that focus solely on early life stages may miss important effects of contaminant exposure, such as latent effects that manifest some time after previous exposure. Moreover, it is often assumed that effects observed in amphibian larvae will persist to affect survival or reproduction later in life. We used terrestrial enclosures to determine whether exposure to mercury (Hg) through maternal transfer and/or larval diet had any adverse effects in post-metamorphic American toads (Bufo americanus). We found a 5% difference in size at metamorphosis that was attributed to maternal Hg exposure persisted for 1 year in the terrestrial environment, resulting in a 7% difference at the conclusion of the study. Although patterns of survival differed among treatments through time, we found no overall difference in survival after 1 year. We also found no evidence of emergent latent effects in the terrestrial toads that could be attributed to earlier exposure. Our results indicate that adverse effects of maternal Hg exposure that were observed in larval amphibians may persist to affect later terrestrial life stages but that no novel adverse effects developed when animals were raised in a semi-natural environment. Moreover, we found no evidence of persistent effects of dietary Hg exposure in larvae, highlighting a need for greater focus on maternal effects in amphibian ecotoxicology. Finally, we suggest an increase in the use of longitudinal studies to better understand contaminant impacts to amphibian populations via effects in both aquatic and terrestrial life stages.

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“…Acute exposure to sublethal levels of carbaryl produces a reduction in both the activity and swimming performance in R. blairi tadpoles. As carbaryl did in this experiment, several contaminants alter tadpole behavior at both acute and chronic sublethal exposures [12,[14][15][16][17]37,38]. These toxicants impact critical tadpole life history functions leading to mortality or a reduction in adult fitness [15,[37][38][39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tadpole swimming performance and activity affected by acute exposure to sublethal levels of carbaryl

Bridges

1997

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

160

102

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Abstract-General activity and swimming performance (i.e., sprint speed and distance) of plains leopard frog tadpoles (Rana blairi) were examined after acute exposure to three sublethal concentrations of carbaryl (3.5, 5.0, and 7.2 mg/L). Both swimming performance and spontaneous swimming activity are important for carrying out life history functions (e.g., growth and development) and for escaping from predators. Measured tadpole activity diminished by nearly 90% at 3.5 mg/L carbaryl and completely ceased at 7.2 mg/L. Sprint speed and sprint distance also decreased significantly following exposure. Carbaryl affected both swimming performance and activity after just 24 h, suggesting that 24 h may be an adequate length of exposure to determine behavioral effects on tadpoles. Slight recovery of activity levels was noted at 24 and 48 h post-exposure; no recovery of swimming performance was observed. Reduction in activity and swimming performance may result in increased predation rates and, because activity is closely associated with feeding, may result in slowed growth leading to a failure to emerge before pond drying or an indirect reduction in adult fitness. Acute exposure to sublethal toxicants such as carbaryl may not only affect immediate survival of tadpoles but also impact critical life history functions and generate changes at the local population level.

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Short‐term exposure to triphenyltin affects the swimming and feeding behavior of tadpoles

Cited by 44 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of Three Organic Wastewater Contaminants on American Toad, Bufo americanus, Tadpoles

Effects of Three Organic Wastewater Contaminants on American Toad, Bufo americanus, Tadpoles

Do effects of mercury in larval amphibians persist after metamorphosis?

Tadpole swimming performance and activity affected by acute exposure to sublethal levels of carbaryl

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