Short-term growth experiments – A tool for quantifying lichen fitness across different mineral settings

Gauslaa, Yngvar; Mikulec, Maja Maslać; Solhaug, Knut Asbjørn

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2021.151900

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In support of this idea, it can only be observed that the δ 13 C values increase in C. borealis ; so, it would be an indicator of drought within the OTCs. Furthermore, it was found that although the nitrogen content increases, either significantly ( C. borealis ) or not ( Himantormia lugubris and Usnea aurantiacoatra ), the C/N ratio shows a contrary trend, with a decrease in this value between 10 and 12%, suggesting that the carbon uptake is not improving inside the OTCs like the nitrogen absorption, which can be an indicator of a toxic accumulation of nitrogen, which could have a negative effect on lichen growth [ 31 , 50 ]. Nevertheless, it is necessary to analyze the content of other compounds (e.g., chitin, chlorophyll), along with the photosynthetic parameters, to have a better understanding of the effects of the OTCs on the carbon/nitrogen balance of these species [ 51 , 52 , 53 ], and particularly of lichens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antarctic Lichens under Long-Term Passive Warming: Species-Specific Photochemical Responses to Desiccation and Heat Shock Treatments

Marín

Barták

Palfner

et al. 2022

Plants

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Climate warming in the Antarctic tundra will affect locally dominant cryptogams. Being adapted to low temperatures and freezing, little is known about the response of the polar lichens’ primary photochemistry to warming and desiccation. Since 2008, we have monitored the ecophysiological responses of lichens to the future warming scenario during a long-term warming experiment through open top chambers (OTCs) on Fildes Peninsula. We studied the primary photochemical response (potential Fv/Fm and effective efficiency of photosystem II YPSII) of different lichen taxa and morphotypes under desiccation kinetics and heat shock experiments. As lichens grow slowly, to observe changes during warming we methodologically focused on carbon and nitrogen content as well as on the stable isotope ratios. Endemic Himantormia lugubris showed the strongest effect of long-term warming on primary photochemistry, where PSII activity occurred at a lower %RWC inside the OTCs, in addition to higher Fv/Fm values at 30 °C in the heat shock kinetic treatment. In contrast, Usnea aurantiaco-atra did not show any effect of long-term warming but was active at a thallus RWC lower than 10%. Both Cladonia species were most affected by water stress, with Cladonia aff. gracilis showing no significant differences in primary photochemical responses between the warming and the control but a high sensibility to water deficiency, where, at 60% thallus RWC, the photochemical parameters began to decrease. We detected species-specific responses not only to long-term warming, but also to desiccation. On the other hand, the carbon content did not vary significantly among the species or because of the passive warming treatment. Similarly, the nitrogen content showed non-significant variation; however, the C/N ratio was affected, with the strongest C/N decrease in Cladonia borealis. Our results suggest that Antarctic lichens can tolerate warming and high temperature better than desiccation and that climate change may affect these species if it is associated with a decrease in water availability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antarctic Lichens under Long-Term Passive Warming: Species-Specific Photochemical Responses to Desiccation and Heat Shock Treatments

Marín

Barták

Palfner

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…When sampling the cyanomorphs, we took care to avoid sections containing green‐algal squamules. The lichens were watered regularly with approximately equal amounts of deionized water (similar to Gauslaa et al, 2021; Chavarria‐Pizzaro, Resl, Kuhl‐Nagel, et al, 2022) dispensed via spray bottle to prevent desiccation. Once a week, Petri dishes were left open for the thalli to dry out to simulate the conditions in nature where they regularly dry out, and to avoid damages associated with permanent hydration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbiont‐specific responses to environmental cues in a threesome lichen symbiosis

et al. 2023

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“…When sampling the cyanomorphs, we took care to avoid sections containing green-algal squamules. The lichens were watered regularly with approximately equal amounts of deionized water (similar to Gauslaa et al, 2021;Chavarria-Pizzaro, Resl, Kuhl-Nagel, et al, 2022) dispensed via spray bottle to prevent desiccation. Once a week, Petri dishes were left open for the thalli to dry out to simulate the conditions in nature where they regularly dry out, and to avoid damages associated with permanent hydration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbiont-specific responses to environmental cues in a threesome lichen symbiosis

Almer

Resl

Guðmundsson

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Photosymbiodemes are a special case of lichen symbiosis where one lichenized fungus engages in symbiosis with two different photosynthetic partners, a cyanobacterium and a green alga, to develop two distinctly looking photomorphs. We investigated differential gene expression in photosymbiodemes of the lichen Peltigera britannica at different temperatures representing mild and putatively stressful conditions and compared gene expression of thallus sectors containing cyanobacterial photobionts with thallus sectors with both green algal and cyanobacterial photobionts. Firstly, because of known ecological differences between photomorphs, we investigated symbiont-specific responses in gene expression to temperature increases. Secondly, we quantified photobiont-mediated differences in fungal gene expression. High temperatures expectedly led to an upregulation of genes involved in heat shock responses in all organisms in whole transcriptome data. As expected, the expression of genes involved in photosynthesis was increased in both photobiont types at 15 and 25 °C. The green algae exhibited thermal stress responses mainly at 25 °C, the fungus and the cyanobacteria already at 15 °C, demonstrating symbiont-specific responses to environmental cues and symbiont-specific ecological optima. Furthermore, photobiont-mediated differences in fungal gene expression could be identified, with upregulation of distinct biological processes in the different morphs, showing that interaction with specific symbiosis partners profoundly impacts fungal gene expression.

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Short-term growth experiments – A tool for quantifying lichen fitness across different mineral settings

Cited by 9 publications

References 71 publications

Antarctic Lichens under Long-Term Passive Warming: Species-Specific Photochemical Responses to Desiccation and Heat Shock Treatments

Antarctic Lichens under Long-Term Passive Warming: Species-Specific Photochemical Responses to Desiccation and Heat Shock Treatments

Symbiont‐specific responses to environmental cues in a threesome lichen symbiosis

Symbiont-specific responses to environmental cues in a threesome lichen symbiosis

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