Short term variability of atmospheric turbidity and optical turbulence in a desert environment

Eaton, Frank D.; Hines, John R.; Drexler, J.; Soules, David B.

doi:10.1007/bf00863784

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Their results can be compared with several hours of layering, described as internal waves in the ocean, reported by Proni and Apel [1975] by sensing temperature fluctuations with high-frequency acoustics. Eaton et al [1997] presented a 24 hour period of boundary layer observations with sodar that displayed the daytime development of convection, changes in the capping inversion, thermal plume structures, "neutral" events, and the wave-turbulence interaction at night. Dalaudier et al [1994] found that temperature gradients within the stable boundary layer more closely resemble the Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent layers of enhanced C²_N in the lower stratosphere from VHF radar observations

Nastrom¹,

Eaton²

2001

Radio Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent layers of enhanced C²_N in the lower stratosphere from VHF radar observations

Nastrom¹,

Eaton²

2001

Radio Science

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“…This value is chosen for reasons of symmetry and avoids the twilight period, which has been reported as being characteristically calm due to the temperature equilibrium between the air and the ground. 18 Figure 2 shows the global median integrated optical turbulence strength (defined as the refractive index structure constant, C 2 n ) for the full atmosphere and the strength and height of the ABL for daytime and nighttime for the year of 2018.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global atmospheric turbulence forecasting for free-space optical communications

Osborn

Communal²,

Jabet³

2023

Free-Space Laser Communications XXXV

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The optical turbulence in the Earth's atmosphere is a major limitation to free-space optical communications. It is therefore critical that we are able to model and forecast realistic atmospheric optical turbulence conditions for site selection, instrument development, instrument performance validation and network switching. Here, we present global maps of optical turbulence strength and associated parameters (Fried parameter, isoplanatic angle, coherence time and Rytov variance), from a turbulence forecasting tool. These maps can be used by the community to understand the expected performance of free-space optical systems anywhere in the world, day and night. These maps also demonstrate that optical turbulence can be modelled and visualised in the same manner as other aspects of the Earth's weather system such as wind, rain or temperature, opening the door for more advanced turbulence forecasting functionality. We show global averages, examples of temporal sequences and more detailed analysis from some example sites.

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“…4 Forbes et al5 showed the usefulness of sodar for characterizing turbulence at high altitude astronomical sites. Eaton et al 6 compared sodar observations at the southern end of White Sands Missile Range in the Tularosa Basin to short term variations of atmospheric turbidity (calculated from direct beam solar radiation measurements) and ground-to-space optical turbulence (determined from DIMM measurements using stellar sources). In this study, fine wire sensors provided point measurements of the temperature structure parameter ( C ) near the surface and also provided calibration for the sodar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>Intercomparison of optical turbulence observations in a mountain-valley system</title>

et al. 2001

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The Airborne Laser Concepts Testbed (ABL ACT) is located on White Sands Missile Range (WSMR), NM and is used to explore and develop new methods for tracking, pointing, and compensation of laser beams. All of these efforts require a knowledge ofthe optical turbulence along the propagation path. The site utilizes a 52.6 km propagation path over a desert basin between two mountain peaks (North Oscuro Peak (NOP) and Salinas Peak (SP)). Characterization of the optical turbulence at ABL ACT is challenging due to the long path length in the atmospheric boundary layer and the complex terrain of the site. A suite of instrumentation is being used to approach the problem; a sodar, fme wire probes, a pupil plane imager, a differential image motion monitor (DIMM), and a scintillometer. In addition, a weather station senses ambient temperature, humidity, pressure, wind speed and direction, and solar radiation-received both horizontally and parallel to the mountain west-facing slope at NOP. Salient features of each instrument as well as the parameters sensed, including pathweighted effects, are discussed. Comparisons of results obtained from different sensors are shown and discussed such as derived from the scintillometer, and pupil plane imager. Special emphasis is given to the optical turbulence conditions at the mountain ridge at NOP which were quantified from observations of fme wire sensors and a sodar (sonic detection and ranging). The results are explained in terms ofthe geometry ofthe site and the mountain-valley wind regime.

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Short term variability of atmospheric turbidity and optical turbulence in a desert environment

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Persistent layers of enhanced C²_N in the lower stratosphere from VHF radar observations

Persistent layers of enhanced C²_N in the lower stratosphere from VHF radar observations

Global atmospheric turbulence forecasting for free-space optical communications

<title>Intercomparison of optical turbulence observations in a mountain-valley system</title>

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Short term variability of atmospheric turbidity and optical turbulence in a desert environment

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Persistent layers of enhanced C2N in the lower stratosphere from VHF radar observations

Persistent layers of enhanced C2N in the lower stratosphere from VHF radar observations

Global atmospheric turbulence forecasting for free-space optical communications

<title>Intercomparison of optical turbulence observations in a mountain-valley system</title>

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Product

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Persistent layers of enhanced C²_N in the lower stratosphere from VHF radar observations

Persistent layers of enhanced C²_N in the lower stratosphere from VHF radar observations