Short time guided bone regeneration using beta-tricalcium phosphate with and without fibronectin – An experimental study in rats

Abstract

Background The aim of this histomorphometric study was to assess the bone regeneration potential of beta-tricalcium phosphate with fibronectin (β-TCP-Fn) in critical-sized defects (CSDs) in rats calvarial, to know whether Fn improves the new bone formation in a short time scope. Material and Methods CSDs were created in 30 Sprague Dawley rats, and divided into four groups (2 or 6 weeks of healing) and type of filling (β-TCP-Fn, β-TCP, empty control). Variables studied were augmented area (AA), gained tissue (GT), mineralized/non mineralized bone matrix (MBM/NMT) and bone substitute (BS). Results 60 samples at 2 and six weeks were evaluated. AA was higher for treatment groups comparing to controls ( p < 0.001) and significant decrease in BS area in the β-TCP-Fn group from 2 to 6 weeks ( p = 0.031). GT was higher in the β-TCP-Fn group than in the controls expressed in % ( p = 0.028) and in mm2 ( p = 0.011), specially at two weeks ( p =0.056). Conclusions Both β-TCP biomaterials are effective as compared with bone defects left empty in maintaining the volume. GT in defects regeneration filed with β-TCP-Fn are significantly better in short healing time when comparing with controls but not for β-TCP used alone in rats calvarial CSDs. Key words: Bone regeneration, biomaterials, experimental design, histology.

Bone Healing and Regeneration Potential in Rabbit Cortical Defects Using an Innovative Bioceramic Bone Graft Substitute

“…When the regeneration process in bone loss is hampered or even stopped, bone reconstruction via surgical implantation of materials is often required to increase bone regeneration [6][7][8]. During recent decades, materials used for bone reconstruction have mostly been acquired from autograft materials owing to their superior bone conduction, inducibility, and osteogenesis [9,10]. In terms of bone healing, an autologous bone graft remains the treatment of choice in clinical practice [11,12].…”

“…In recent years, a number of alloplastic materials for new bone substitutes such as ceramic and ceramic composites, hydroxyapatite, tri-calcium phosphate, calcium phosphate cement, calcium sulfate, and bone morphogenetic protein have been extensively studied [9,11,19,20]. Although there is no material to completely replace autologous bone, an outstanding bone substitute, α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (α-CSH), can be used instead of autologous bone grafts thanks to its excellent biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, easy availability, and biodegradability [2,4,9]. The α-CSH is regarded as a prime type of bone substitute that plays a crucial role in bone formation by facilitating the ingrowth of bone [13,21,22].…”

The Effect of Biocomposite Grafting Material on Calvarial Bone Regeneration (An Experimental Study)

“…In practical practise, an autologous bone transplant is still the go-to therapy for bone repair. The restricted availability of donor bone and harvestingrelated problems, however, limit the practical use of this approach (22). As a result, various bone substitutes are essential for effective bone restorations as alternate graft materials.…”

Fibronectin in Fracture Healing: Biological Mechanisms and Regenerative Avenues

“…Due to its diverse properties in regulating both osteogenic and supporting cell types, along with orchestrating the assembly of various other ECM proteins and GFs, incorporating FN into regenerative medicine applications is under intensive research (Xing et al, 2017;Cheng et al, 2018;Escoda-Francolí et al, 2018;Guillem-Marti et al, 2018;Parisi et al, 2019a;Sánchez-Garcés et al, 2020;Toffoli et al, 2020;Trujillo et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020). Lee et al (2019) recently developed an FN fusion protein, containing FNIII 9-10 domain and elastin like peptides (FN-ELP) to more reliably recapitulate mechanical properties of native ECM.…”