Short-time Oxidation Behavior of Low-carbon, Low-silicon Steel in Air at 850–1,180 °C––I: Oxidation Kinetics

Chen, Rex Y.; Yuen, W. Y. D.

doi:10.1007/s11085-008-9111-4

Cited by 31 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These results suggest that the scale layer structure has an effect on blister formation. Similar blister formation behavior was reported by Chen et al 8) Next, the results of the experiment in order to clarify the hematite layer formation are described. The change in the surface appearance during oxidation in the furnace under condition E is shown in Figs.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Role of Hematite Formation on Blister Generation during High Temperature Oxidation of Steel

et al. 2012

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Blistering is a phenomenon in which oxide scale swells during oxidation at high temperatures. Blistered scale causes surface defects in steel products during hot-rolling processes. The present study investigated the effect of oxygen and the scale layer structure on blister initiation when steel is oxidized at high temperatures, and the mechanism of blister formation is discussed. The following conclusions are drawn. Blisters are not formed when the scale is a wustite mono-layer, but start to nucleate when the scale layer structure changes from the wustite mono-layer to a three-layered scale comprised of hematite (Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), and wustite (FeO). The compressive stress in the oxide scale that is applied due to the oxide scale growth is largely released when scale layer structure changes from the wustite mono-layer to the three-layered scale. This result suggests that the compressive stress is not the main factor for blister initiation. It is deduced that the pressure of the CO, CO2, and N2 gases generated at the scale/steel interface is the main factor for blister formation. The hematite layer on the top surface of scale presumably acts as a barrier of gas permeability.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Role of Hematite Formation on Blister Generation during High Temperature Oxidation of Steel

et al. 2012

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“…Chen et al [12] has studied the short time oxidation behaviour of low carbon and low silicon steels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…% in humid air are considered relevant to hot rolling [10]. In fact, the time intervals for oxidation of the hot steel strip are from half a second to about 30 s in the finishing stands of a hot strip mill [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of oxide scale on ferritic stainless steel B445J1M and its tribological effect in hot rolling

Cheng

Jiang

Zhao

et al. 2015

Wear

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Severe sticking occurs in the hot rolling of ferritic stainless steel B445J1M. The characteristics of the oxide scale on the steel in hot rolling are associated with this phenomenon. The tensile failure of the oxide scale formed on the steel B445J1M was investigated by using a Gleeble 3500 thermo-mechanical simulator over temperature range from 1000 to 1150°C in humid air. Two passes hot rolling were carried out on a 2-high Hille 100 experimental rolling mill. The results show that the temperature is a significant factor for the formed thickness of the oxide scale and its failure in tensile stress. On the specimen before hot rolling, irregular spinels are extruded from the surface of a thin oxide scale with Cr2O3 as its main component, which are hard and brittle at lower rolling temperature. Disciplines Engineering | Science and Technology Studies Publication DetailsCheng, X., Jiang, Z., Zhao, J., Wei, D., Hao, L., Peng, J., Luo, M., Ma, L., Luo, S. & Jiang, L. (2015 AbstractSevere sticking occurs in the hot rolling of ferritic stainless steel B445J1M. The characteristics of the oxide scale on the steel in hot rolling are associated with this phenomenon. The tensile failure of the oxide scale formed on the steel B445J1M was investigated by using a Gleeble 3500 thermo-mechanical simulator over temperature range from 1000 to 1150 °C in humid air. Two passes hot rolling were carried out on a 2-high Hille 100 experimental rolling mill. The results show that the temperature is a significant factor for the formed thickness of the oxide scale and its failure in tensile stress. On the specimen before hot rolling, irregular spinels are extruded from the surface of a thin oxide scale with Cr 2 O 3 as its main component, which are hard and brittle at lower rolling temperature.

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“…This indicates that the oxide debris generated in Stage II played a significant role in reducing and in stabilizing the values of COF. The COF curve is different from carbon steels on which the oxide scale will form to a thickness of 75 µm at 900 °C in 2 mins [31]; therefore the setting of initial contact of high temperature pin-on-disc must be metal-oxide or oxide-oxide contact [25,32]. The oxidation rate of carbon steels increases considerably at or above 570 °C, due to establishment of a rapidly growing non-stoichiometric FeO formed at the metal/oxide interface [26].…”

Section: Friction and Wear Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 97%

Influence of Cr-Rich Oxide Scale on Sliding Wear Mechanism of Ferritic Stainless Steel at High Temperature

et al. 2016

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L. (2016). Influence of Cr-Rich oxide scale on sliding wear mechanism of ferritic stainless steel at high temperature. Tribology Letters, 63 (2), 1-13.Influence of Cr-Rich oxide scale on sliding wear mechanism of ferritic stainless steel at high temperature AbstractThe tribological tests of a ferritic stainless steel (FSS) 445 in contact with high-speed steel (HSS) were performed on a high-temperature pin-on-disc tribometer. Wear exhibited significant difference when the FSS 445 was oxidised with a Cr-rich oxide scale on the surface. The HSS pin displayed adhesive wear when there was no oxide scale on the stainless steel disc, and in the early stages, the coefficient of friction fluctuated significantly, but the level of wear changed as Cr2O3 particles formed. The wear was then reduced, and the coefficient of friction remained stable. The Cr-rich oxide scale which formed on the stainless steel was able to stabilise the coefficient of friction, to reduce the wear rate and to help form a glazed layer on the HSS surface. The abrasive wear of the HSS pin took place at 850 °C, indicating that the hardness of the Cr-rich oxide scale increased as the temperature decreased. AbstractThe tribological tests of a ferritic stainless steel (FSS) 445 in contact with high speed steel (HSS)were performed on a high temperature pin-on-disc tribometer. Wear exhibited significant difference when the FSS 445 was oxidised with a Cr-rich oxide scale on the surface. The HSS pin displayed adhesive wear when there was no oxide scale on the stainless steel disc and in the early stages, the coefficient of friction fluctuated significantly but the level of wear changed as Cr 2 O 3 particles formed. The wear was then reduced and the coefficient of friction remained stable. The Cr-rich oxide scale which formed on the stainless steel was able to stabilize the coefficient of friction, to reduce the wear rate and to help form a glazed layer on the HSS surface. The abrasive wear of the HSS pin took place at 850 °C, indicating that the hardness of the Cr-rich oxide scale increased as the temperature decreased.

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Short-time Oxidation Behavior of Low-carbon, Low-silicon Steel in Air at 850–1,180 °C––I: Oxidation Kinetics

Cited by 31 publications

References 12 publications

Role of Hematite Formation on Blister Generation during High Temperature Oxidation of Steel

Role of Hematite Formation on Blister Generation during High Temperature Oxidation of Steel

Investigation of oxide scale on ferritic stainless steel B445J1M and its tribological effect in hot rolling

Influence of Cr-Rich Oxide Scale on Sliding Wear Mechanism of Ferritic Stainless Steel at High Temperature

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