Shoulder Injuries in the Overhead Throwing Athlete

Mlynarek, Ryan A.; Lee, Simon; Bedi, Asheesh

doi:10.1016/j.hcl.2016.08.014

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Although these findings are commonly described in baseball pitchers, similar injuries may be observed in softball, tennis, handball, football, and even javelin throwers. 98 Therefore, any overhead athlete that presents to the clinic with shoulder pain should be examined for GIRD. The diagnosis of GIRD is made clinically based upon decreased passive IR compared to the contralateral shoulder, and it is important to recognize that not all GIRD is pathologic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit in throwing athletes: current perspectives

Rose¹,

Noonan²

2018

OAJSM

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Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) is an adaptive process in which the throwing shoulder experiences a loss of internal rotation (IR). GIRD has most commonly been defined by a loss of >20° of IR compared to the contralateral shoulder. Total rotational motion of the shoulder is the sum of internal and external rotation and may be more important than the absolute value of IR loss. Pathologic GIRD has been defined as a loss of IR combined with a loss of total rotational motion. The leading pathologic process in GIRD is posterior capsular and rotator-cuff tightness, due to the repetitive cocking that occurs with the overhead throwing motion. GIRD has been associated with numerous pathologic conditions, including posterior superior labral tears, partial articular-sided rotator-cuff tears, and superior labral anterior-to-posterior tears. The mainstay of treatment for patients with GIRD is posterior capsular stretching and strengthening to improve scapular mechanics. In patients who fail nonoperative therapy, shoulder arthroscopy can be performed. Arthroscopic surgery in the high-level throwing athlete should be to restore them to their functional baseline with the minimum amount of intervention possible.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit in throwing athletes: current perspectives

Rose¹,

Noonan²

2018

OAJSM

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“…Setiap peningkatan 10 0 dari trunk leaning akan meningkatkan kecepatan sebesar 0,5 m/s. 9,13,14,15,16,17 . Hal tersebut menjelaskan kembali, bahwa latihan yang berfokus pada peningkatan otot bahu (TTE) tidak cukup dalam peningkatan performa lemparan terutama jarak lemparan.…”

Section: Hasil Karakteristik Peserta Penelitianunclassified

Penambahan Core Stability Exercise Pada Thrower’s Ten Exercisemeningkatkanjarak Lemparan Pemain Outfielder’s Baseball Di Sman 8 Denpasar

Kurniantara

Antari

Winaya

et al. 2020

MIFI

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Melempar tidak hanya berfokus pada kekuatan otot bahu, otot-otot core juga berkontribusi sekitar 55% dari energi kinetik dan gaya yang digunakan pada seluruh gerak lemparan. Oleh sebab itu, penambahan core stability exercise (CSE) pada latihan konvensional yaitu thrower’s ten exercise (TTE) sangat diperlukan untuk pemain outfielder agar terjadi peningkatan jarak lempar pada pemain tersebut. Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk membuktikan efektivitas penambahan CSE pada TTE terhadap peningkatan jarak lempar pemain outfielder’s baseball di SMAN 8 Denpasar. Ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan metode randomized two group pre-test and post-test, pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara simple random sampling dengan jumlah peserta sebesar 16 orang dan setelah diacak peserta dikelompokkan merata pada Kelompok Kontrol (TTE) dan Kelompok Intervensi (CSE dan TTE). Setiap kelompok diberi intervensi 3 kali seminggu dalam 6 minggu penelitian. Jarak lemparan diukur tiap 3 kali intervensi dalam 6 minggu untuk semua peserta penelitian. Hasil analisis data uji paired t-test Kelompok Kontrol diperoleh nilai (p=0,588) (p>0,05) sedangkan hasil Kelompok Intervensi (p=0,000) (p<0,05). Dari hasil tersebut, latihan pada Kelompok Intervensi signifikan meningkatkan jarak lemparan outfielder’s baseball. Hasil analisis Man Whitney U-Test di data selisih ke dua kelompok ditemukan nilai (p= 0,002) dimana (p< 0,05) yang menginterpretasikan terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna hasil jarak lemparan Kelompok Intervensi dengan Kelompok Kontrol. Berdasakan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan ada perbedaan efektivitas pada kelompok penambahan intervensi CSE pada TTE dengan Kelompok Intervensi TTE terhadap peningkatan jarak lemparan pemain outfielders baseball di SMAN 8 Denpasar

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“…The overhead throwing athlete must harness a complex transfer of energy which utilizes the entire kinetic chain, requiring muscle activation and sequencing through the lower extremities to the core and trunk to propagate the transfer of power to the upper extremity [1,2]. With repetitive throwing, this transfer of power and subsequent dynamic overload to the upper extremity may cause injury in baseball players, often presenting with shoulder and elbow injuries [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hip and Groin Injuries in Baseball Players

Mlynarek

Coleman

2018

Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med

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(a) Limitations in throwing velocity, pitch control, and bat swing speed may be secondary to decreased mobility and strength within the proximal kinetic chain, which must harness power from the lower extremities and core. (b) Approximately 5.5% of all baseball injuries per year involve the hip/groin and may lead to a significant amount of time spent on the disabled list. Injuries involving the hip and groin are relatively common in baseball players. Our knowledge of the mechanics of overhead throwing continues to evolve, as does our understanding of the contribution of power from the lower extremities and core. It is paramount that the team physician be able to accurately diagnose and treat injuries involving the hip/groin, as they may lead to significant disability and inability to return to elite levels of play. This review focuses on hip- and groin-related injuries in the baseball player, including femoroacetabular impingement, core muscle injury, and osteitis pubis.

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Shoulder Injuries in the Overhead Throwing Athlete

Cited by 22 publications

References 112 publications

Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit in throwing athletes: current perspectives

Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit in throwing athletes: current perspectives

Penambahan Core Stability Exercise Pada Thrower’s Ten Exercisemeningkatkanjarak Lemparan Pemain Outfielder’s Baseball Di Sman 8 Denpasar

Hip and Groin Injuries in Baseball Players

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