Shrinking membership in the American Society of Animal Science: does the discipline of poultry science give us some clues?

Pr, Cheeke

doi:10.2527/1999.7782031x

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Pasture-based systems of beef production are now considered to be more environmentally beneficial and provide better animal welfare and health with less dependence on antibiotics, and hence are socially more acceptable than more intensive grainbased systems (Cheeke 1999;Meyer & Mullinax 1999;Subak 1999). However, comparisons of pasture and high-concentrate diets have generally involved pasture species of medium digestibility which have sustained low liveweight gains relative to those achieved with high-concentrate diets, and the cattle finished at pasture have produced carcasses with a low fat content (Bidner et al 1981(Bidner et al , 1986Williams et al 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pasture and high‐concentrate diets on the performance of beef cattle, carcass composition at equal growth rates, and the fatty acid composition of beef

Steen

Lavery

Kilpatrick

et al. 2003

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Two experiments were carried out to examine the effects of high quality pasture and high-concentrate diets on liveweight and carcass gain of beef cattle, carcass composition at equal carcass gain, and the fatty acid composition of beef. Heifers of late-maturing breed type (406 kg initial liveweight; Experiment 1) and steers of latematuring breed type (460 kg initial liveweight; Experiment 2) were finished on a ryegrass pasture or a high-concentrate diet at either (1) ad libitum, (2) 85% of ad libitum intake or (3) 70% of ad libitum intake. The high-concentrate diet consisted of 95% barley-based concentrate and 5% barley straw. Carcass gain of the animals finished at pasture (648 g day -1 ) was 0.78 in Experiment 1 (P < 0.001) and 0.88 in Experiment 2 (P > 0.1) of that of the animals given the high-concentrate diet ad libitum. Gains in lean meat were similar for animals finished at pasture and those given concentrates ad libitum, whereas daily fat gains were 39% lower for the animals finished at pasture (P < 0.001). At an equal rate of carcass gain, animals finished at pasture produced carcasses with a higher lean content (P = 0.03) and a lower fat content (P = 0.03) than those produced from the high-concentrate diet. Muscle from pasture-finished cattle had higher concentrations of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (141 versus 49 ± 8.2 mg 100 g -1 muscle) and long-chain omega-3 PUFA (58 versus 27 ± 3.8 mg 100 g -1 muscle) than muscle from concentrate-fed cattle. These results highlight the potential of high quality ryegrass pasture for finishing cattle, and meat from pasturefinished cattle as a source of omega-3 PUFA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pasture and high‐concentrate diets on the performance of beef cattle, carcass composition at equal growth rates, and the fatty acid composition of beef

Steen

Lavery

Kilpatrick

et al. 2003

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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“…and wholesome, while contributing their moral support for small farm family businesses that maintain more humane animal management practices that also safeguard the environment. Further, a family-managed, small-scale rabbit enterprise in which labor is shared among members at negligible costs to the operation is in contrast to the hiring of underpaid laborers to manage commercial rabbit, poultry, and swine operations (Cheeke 1999).…”

Section: Local Niche Market Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limitations of intensive meat rabbit production in North America: A review

Lukefahr¹,

Cheeke²,

McNitt³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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This paper documents underlying causes for the poor track record of the commercial meat rabbit industry in North America, relative to the success of several other species (cattle, swine, chickens and turkeys). For over half a century, efforts have been ongoing to develop a viable commercial meat rabbit industry. The progress has not been significant; rather, an accumulation of serious obstacles has targeted the species (e.g., high labor demand, no tradition of rabbit meat consumption, and nutritional limitations and behavioral constraints). Critical biological behaviors associated with the doe rabbit [e.g., short gestation and (or) underdeveloped neonates, cannibalism, territorialism, and pseudo-pregnancy] require that does be permanently placed into individual cages. These behaviors underpin the inability of management to offset labor by employing cost-effective automated feeding and management systems. As a consequence, labor costs per rabbit are high; rabbit meat is generally not competitive with more widely consumed meats. A proposed alternative solution is a redirected focus on rabbits as a “microlivestock” species — reared in small numbers as a family enterprise to enhance quality of life in rural and periurban areas, as well as in lesser developed countries — as opposed to further exploitation of the species as a commercial agricultural commodity. Key words: Rabbit, commercial, contemporary issues, industry, production

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“…Traditionally, animal scientists tended to see their research as serving the sizeable fraction of the public who were engaged in animal agriculture (Thompson, 1998). More recently, given the steady decline in the number of animal producers, animal scientists often find themselves serving (and funded by) an industry increasingly dominated by specific interests and companies (Cheeke, 1999;Hodges, 2000). In order to contribute constructively to the New Perception debate, animal scientists need to establish a stronger sense of serving the general public by identifying how animal agriculture can best promote the public good, even when this involves questioning beliefs that are common among, and promoted by, the animal production sector.…”

Section: Toward a Genuine Understanding Of Animal Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

The "new perception" of animal agriculture: legless cows, featherless chickens, and a need for genuine analysis.

Fraser

2001

Journal of Animal Science

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A growing popular literature has created a "New Perception" of animal agriculture by depicting commercial animal production as 1) detrimental to animal welfare, 2) controlled by corporate interests, 3) motivated by profit rather than by traditional animal care values, 4) causing increased world hunger, 5) producing unhealthy food, and 6) harming the environment. Agricultural organizations have often responded with public relations material promoting a very positive image of animal agriculture and denying all six of the critics' claims. The public, faced with these two highly simplistic and contradictory images, needs knowledgeable research and analysis to serve as a basis for public policy and individual choice. Scientists and ethicists could provide such analysis. In some cases, however, scientists and ethicists have themselves produced misleading, polarized, or simplistic accounts of animal agriculture. The problems in such accounts include the repetition of unreliable information from advocacy sources, use of unwarranted generalizations, simplistic analysis of complex issues, and glossing over the ethical problems. The New Perception debate raises important and complex ethical issues; in order to provide useful guidance, both scientists and ethicists must consider these issues as research problems that are worthy of genuine investigation and analysis.

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Shrinking membership in the American Society of Animal Science: does the discipline of poultry science give us some clues?

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Effects of pasture and high‐concentrate diets on the performance of beef cattle, carcass composition at equal growth rates, and the fatty acid composition of beef

Effects of pasture and high‐concentrate diets on the performance of beef cattle, carcass composition at equal growth rates, and the fatty acid composition of beef

Limitations of intensive meat rabbit production in North America: A review

The "new perception" of animal agriculture: legless cows, featherless chickens, and a need for genuine analysis.

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