Si nanotubes and nanospheres with two-dimensional polycrystalline walls

Castrucci, P.; Diociaiuti, Marco; Tank, Chiti M.; Casciardi, Stefano; Tombolini, Francesca; Scarselli, Manuela; Crescenzi, M. De; Mathe, V. L.; Bhoraskar, S. V.

doi:10.1039/c2nr30910f

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…26 All the nanotubes were seen to consist of very thin walls (<1 nm, $0.7 nm) and were composed of single Si partially oxidized layer. 3 However, there were less oxidized and unoxidized regions on the nanotubes that exhibited local atomic ordering with hexagonal puckered Si(111) type arrangements. 3 The two dimensional lattice constant in these regions was found to be 0.43 6 0.05 nm, from which the Si-Si distance can be estimated to be 0.25 6 0.03 nm 3 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 However, there were less oxidized and unoxidized regions on the nanotubes that exhibited local atomic ordering with hexagonal puckered Si(111) type arrangements. 3 The two dimensional lattice constant in these regions was found to be 0.43 6 0.05 nm, from which the Si-Si distance can be estimated to be 0.25 6 0.03 nm 3 . These properties were observed by nanobeam electron energy loss spectroscopy, nanobeam electron diffraction, and high resolution TEM earlier.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These properties were observed by nanobeam electron energy loss spectroscopy, nanobeam electron diffraction, and high resolution TEM earlier. 3 Such an arrangement is expected to arise from either mixed sp 2 -sp 3 hybridized or sp 3 Si(111) layer. The unoxidized regions can be due to Si-H bonds or due to sp 2 hybridization in Si.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details about the synthesis and characterization of SiNTs are discussed in our earlier publication. 3,4,26 However, for the sake of continuity of the manuscript, microstructural characterization carried out by transmission electron microscope is included. The average work function measurements were carried out for the SiNT samples in a separate set up using the retarding field diode geometry employing low energy electrons.…”

Section: Experimental Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Si and C belong to the same group of the periodic table, but Si prefers sp 3 hybridization over sp 2 contrary to carbon promoting three dimensional growth. 3,4 Hence, 1D Si mainly forms rod or wire like nanostructures instead of nanotubular structure as that of carbon nanotubes. Even then silicon nanotubes (SiNTs) remain an interesting structure due to their incredible properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Arc plasma synthesized Si nanotubes: A promising low turn on field emission source

Joshi

Tank

Kamble

et al. 2015

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phen

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Here, the authors report the field emission investigations of silicon nanotubes (SiNTs) synthesized by vapor phase condensation method in DC arc plasma reactor. The SiNTs have diameters in the range of 10–15 nm and length of a few 100 nm. A maximum current density of 4.2 mA/cm2 has been attained. The turn on field, defined for obtaining a current density of 10 μA/cm2, is found to be 1.9 V/μm. The specimen exhibits a good emission current stability at 1 μA over a period of 3 h. The field enhancement factor, β, is estimated to be ∼5534. The current stability is quantified in terms of standard deviation and its magnitude has been measured to be only 9.7% with respect to the average value.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Arc plasma synthesized Si nanotubes: A promising low turn on field emission source

Joshi

Tank

Kamble

et al. 2015

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phen

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Well‐Defined Nanostructures for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage

Adekoya

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

142

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existing energy supply systems mainly based on fossil fuels, the performance of the clean energy (conversion and storage) devices/systems has to be significantly improved. The electrochemical energy conversion and storage usually involves many intricate chemical reactions and physical interactions at the surface and inside of electrodes/electrolytes, and the kinetics and transport behaviors of different carriers (e.g., electrons, holes, ions, molecules) are closely associated with the materials selected for electrodes as well as the structures of electrodes. To this point, material design and structure design for electrodes have been the research focuses for improving the electrochemical performance of energy conversion and storage, which both have gained high attention from academia and industry.Along with researches for finding advanced electrode materials, much recent research efforts have been made for electrode structure design and engineering, especially when traditional macro-scale structured electrodes are showing limitations of achieving satisfying performance for energy conversion and storage. Among these efforts, electrode nanostructuring has been demonstrated as a promising way for realizing highperformance electrochemical energy conversion and storage, which attributes the distinct features of nanostructured materials differing from their bulk material counterparts. The high surface-to-volume ratios of nanostructures give large electrochemical surface areas with much more exposed atoms and hence improve the performance per unit electrode area and/or Electrochemical energy conversion and storage play crucial roles in meeting the increasing demand for renewable, portable, and affordable power supplies for society. The rapid development of nanostructured materials provides an alternative route by virtue of their unique and promising effects emerging at nanoscale. In addition to finding advanced materials, structure design and engineering of electrodes improves the electrochemical performance and the resultant commercial competitivity. Regarding the structural engineering, controlling the geometrical parameters (i.e., size, shape, heteroarchitecture, and spatial arrangement) of nanostructures and thus forming well-defined nanostructure (WDN) electrodes have been the central aspects of investigations and practical applications. This review discusses the fundamental aspects and concept of WDNs for energy conversion and storage, with a strong emphasis on illuminating the relationship between the structural characteristics and the resultant electrochemical superiorities. Key strategies for actualizing well-defined features in nanostructures are summarized. Electrocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis (for energy conversion) as well as metal-ion batteries and supercapacitors (for energy storage) are selected to illustrate the superiorities of WDNs in electrochemical reactions and charge carrier transportation. Finally, conclusions and perspectives regarding future research, development, and applications of WDNs...

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Antimicrobial activity of silica coated silicon nano-tubes (SCSNT) and silica coated silicon nano-particles (SCSNP) synthesized by gas phase condensation

Tank

Raman

Karan

et al. 2013

J Mater Sci: Mater Med

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Silica-coated, silicon nanotubes (SCSNTs) and silica-coated, silicon nanoparticles (SCSNPs) have been synthesized by catalyst-free single-step gas phase condensation using the arc plasma process. Transmission electron microscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy showed that SCSNTs exhibited a wall thickness of less than 1 nm, with an average diameter of 14 nm and a length of several 100 nm. Both nano-structures had a high specific surface area. The present study has demonstrated cheaper, resistance-free and effective antibacterial activity in silica-coated silicon nano-structures, each for two Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was estimated, using the optical densitometric technique, and by determining colony-forming units. The MIC was found to range in the order of micrograms, which is comparable to the reported MIC of metal oxides for these bacteria. SCSNTs were found to be more effective in limiting the growth of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus over SCSNPs at 10 μg/ml (IC 50 = 100 μg/ml).

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Si nanotubes and nanospheres with two-dimensional polycrystalline walls

Cited by 14 publications

References 60 publications

Arc plasma synthesized Si nanotubes: A promising low turn on field emission source

Arc plasma synthesized Si nanotubes: A promising low turn on field emission source

Well‐Defined Nanostructures for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage

Antimicrobial activity of silica coated silicon nano-tubes (SCSNT) and silica coated silicon nano-particles (SCSNP) synthesized by gas phase condensation

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