Sialic acids in vertebrate salivary glands, saliva and pancreas

The ultrastructure and histochemistry of the submandibular gland of the European hedgehog was examined. The gland was of the mixed type, consisting of approximately equal numbers of mucous and serous cells. On the basis of staining reactions, it was concluded that the mucous droplets contained only one type of mucin, a periodate-reactive sialomucin, and that the serous granules contained glycoprotein. At the ultrastructural level, it was found that the mucous droplets often contained a dense spherule, and that their matrix was responsive to variations in fixation procedures. The serous granules developed in a remarkable fashion. Small, dense rodlets in Golgi-derived vacuoles became aligned to form a series of concentric dense shells. The intervals between shells became filled with small, dense particles. These particles, coupled with condensation of the granules, led to increasing densification of the granule matrix. The contents of mature serous granules were liberated by a merocrine process into the acinar lumen, where they disintegrated. European hedgehogs are members of the Order Insectivora, the most "primitive" of the true placental mammals. Because of their "lowly" phylogenetic estate, and because they hibernate, these animals attracted the attention of many turn-of-thecentury microscopists. The readily accessible submandibular gland was a popular organ for study, and detailed descriptions were published by Kultschizky (45), Krause (44), and Loewenthal (52). More recently, Schmidt (69) compared the salivary glands from hibernating and nonhibernating hedgehogs, and Borghi (9) reported several of their histochemical reactions. The enzymatic content of erinaceous submandibular saliva was assayed by Hirsch and Junqueira (31), who found that amylase activity was virtually absent, and that DNase and lysozyme were negligible. There was some protease activity, but this was rather low when compared to rat or mouse submandibular glands. According to

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“…Junqueira et al (38), hedgehog submandibular saliva also contained a relatively substantial concentration of sialic acid.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Ultrastructure and histochemistry of the submandibular gland of the European hedgehog, Erinaceous europaeus L. I. Acinar secretory cells

Tandler¹,

MacCallum²

1972

Journal of Ultrastructure Research

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“…It can also be said that a serous-type gland is detected with the detection of serous corpus glandula. Serous cells in reptiles and only mucous cells in amphibians, and mucous cells developed before the serous cells; it has been reported that mucous cells may be pioneer cells in serous glands in phylogenetic terms (Junqueira et al, 1967). The salivary glands are said to be predominant in the developmental stage, and that in gland formation the mucous gland is predominant and has a large number of cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Effect of GnRH (Deslorelin) on the Histochemical Structure of Salivary Glands in Rats

2019

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This study was planned to determine the histochemical alterations of the submandibular gland by implantation of long-term GnRH (deslorelin 4.7 mg). Eighteen Wistar albino rats were used in the study. Alcian blue (AB; pH: 2.5), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining was performed to determine the microscopic structure and histochemical structure of the GI submandibular gland. The Avidin-Biotin Complex (ABC) method was used to determine the immunohistochemical reactivity of lectin. After GnRH implantation, the organs were examined and atrophies were observed in organs. In the group in which the implants were removed, it was determined that there was no atrophy; organ structures and microscopic examination were similar to the control group. At the end of the study, submandibular gland was fixed in 10 % buffered formaldehyde. In three groups, PAS and AB histochemical staining revealed similar reactions. Immunohistochemically, lectin activity was found to react positively.

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Autonomic innervation of salivary glands in the armadillo, anteater, and sloth (Edentata)

Rossoni

Machado

1981

Journal of Morphology

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The intraglandular distribution of adrenergic and cholinergic nerve fibers was studied histochemically in the parotid, mandibular, and sublingual glands of six species of edentates belonging to the three families that comprise the order; namely the Dasypodidae (armadillos), the Myrmecophagidae (anteaters), and the Bradipodidae (sloths). The following histochemical techniques were used: (a) acetylcholinesterase reaction for the demonstration of cholinergic fibers; (b) formaldehyde- and glyoxylic acid-induced fluorescence for the demonstration of adrenergic fibers. In addition, norepinephrine (NE) was assayed fluorimetrically in the mandibular and parotid glands of the armadillo. A network of acetylcholinesterase-positive nerve fibers surrounds the intra- and interlobular ducts and endpieces of all glands; it is of low density in the mandibular and sublingual gland of the sloth, of high density in the sublingual gland of the anteater and of moderate density in the remaining glands. A vascular cholinergic innervation occurs in all salivary glands. Although present around the vessels, adrenergic new fibers were virtually absent from the parenchyma of all glands, even after in vitro incubation of glandular tissue with NE or after administration of NE to armadillos previously treated with a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. Consistent with this fact, the amount of NE present in the parotid and mandibular gland of the armadillo was extremely low. These findings may indicate that the salivary secretion in the edentates is regulated by the parasympathetic rather than by the sympathetic nervous system.

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Sialic acids in vertebrate salivary glands, saliva and pancreas

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Ultrastructure and histochemistry of the submandibular gland of the European hedgehog, Erinaceous europaeus L. I. Acinar secretory cells

Ultrastructure and histochemistry of the submandibular gland of the European hedgehog, Erinaceous europaeus L. I. Acinar secretory cells

Investigation of the Effect of GnRH (Deslorelin) on the Histochemical Structure of Salivary Glands in Rats

Autonomic innervation of salivary glands in the armadillo, anteater, and sloth (Edentata)

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