Sicilian lemon oil: Composition of volatile and oxygen heterocyclic fractions and enantiomeric distribution of volatile components

Dugo, Paola; Ragonese, Carla; Russo, Marina; Mondello, Luigi; Santi, L.; Cotroneo, Antonella; Mondello, Luigi

doi:10.1002/jssc.201000578

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Oxygen-containing heterocyclic metabolites, consisting of coumarins, furanocoumarins, and polymethoxylated flavones, were present in the oil at 4.9% (w/v) before the peel started yellowing (70 mm ED) and then decreased slightly to 4.1% (w/v) in oil obtained from mature fruit (100 mm ED; Table I). This is consistent with prior studies (McHale and Sheridan, 1989;Frérot and Decorzant, 2004;Dugo et al, 2010). Carotenoids had been described as minor components of cold-pressed Citrus oils (Dugo et al, 2006) but were undetectable in our microcapillary-collected grapefruit oil samples (Table I).…”

Section: Chemical Analysis Of Grapefruit Peel Essential Oil Collectedsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Studies on the nonvolatile constituents of Citrus essential oil began in the 1960s (for review, see Dugo et al, 2009), but reliable quantifications for grapefruit were not reported until much later (McHale and Sheridan, 1989;Frérot and Decorzant, 2004;Dugo et al, 2010). All of these studies used cold-pressed grapefruit oil for phytochemical and chemometric analyses.…”

Section: Chemical Analysis Of Grapefruit Peel Essential Oil Collectedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mass spectrometric data were used to confirm peak annotations. Additional minor nonvolatile oil components were meranzin (mass-to-charge ratio [m/z] 261.113), isomeranzin (m/z 261.119), epoxyaurapten (m/z 315.160), epoxybergamottin (m/z 355.155), and heptamethoxylated flavones (m/z 433.151), the concentrations of which were estimated based on the published literature (McHale and Sheridan, 1989;Frérot and Decorzant, 2004;Dugo et al, 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Biosynthetic Capabilities of Secretory Glands inCitrusPeel

2012

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Epithelial cells (ECs) lining the secretory cavities of Citrus peel have been hypothesized to be responsible for the synthesis of essential oil, but direct evidence for such a role is currently sparse. We used laser-capture microdissection and pressure catapulting to isolate ECs and parenchyma cells (as controls not synthesizing oil) from the peel of young grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi ‘Duncan’), isolated RNA, and evaluated transcript patterns based on oligonucleotide microarrays. A Gene Ontology analysis of these data sets indicated an enrichment of genes involved in the biosynthesis of volatile terpenoids and nonvolatile phenylpropanoids in ECs (when compared with parenchyma cells), thus indicating a significant metabolic specialization in this cell type. The gene expression patterns in ECs were consistent with the accumulation of the major essential oil constituents (monoterpenes, prenylated coumarins, and polymethoxylated flavonoids). Morphometric analyses demonstrated that secretory cavities are formed early during fruit development, whereas the expansion of cavities, and thus oil accumulation, correlates with later stages of fruit expansion. Our studies have laid the methodological and experimental groundwork for a vastly improved knowledge of the as yet poorly understood processes controlling essential oil biosynthesis in Citrus peel.

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Section: Chemical Analysis Of Grapefruit Peel Essential Oil Collectedsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Chemical Analysis Of Grapefruit Peel Essential Oil Collectedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Biosynthetic Capabilities of Secretory Glands inCitrusPeel

2012

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“…The SH profiles, in lemon and bergamot oils, are very similar. The qualitative differences are related to the presence, in one of the two oils, of minor constituents; in particular, the absence of germacrene A and D in lemon oil must be highlighted, because these compounds have been reported before in this oil‐type . The main % differences are related to the different proportions of the three main compounds, and to the different percentages of bicyclogermacrene, tr‐β ‐farnesene, α ‐humulene and cis‐γ ‐bisabolene.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The last three lines of the table report information relative to the experimental absolute content of SH expressed as g/100 g of essential oil, SH% ranges (without standardization) reported in the literature, and the experimental % value (without standardization) found …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the sesquiterpene fraction of citrus essential oils by using the off‐line combination of high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography‐based methods: a comparative study

Zoccali

Bonaccorsi

Tranchida

et al. 2015

Flavour & Fragrance J

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The present investigation is based on the off-line combination of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), with different high-resolution gas chromatography (GC) methods (LC//GC), for the analysis of the sesquiterpene hydrocarbon (SH) fraction of various Citrus essential oils. Attention was directed to such constituents because the SH profile is often highly specific and can vary considerably between different Citrus oil-types. The (normal phase) HPLC step was exploited for the separation of the hydrocarbons, from the oxygenated compounds, hence generating a simplified sub-sample. After, the hydrocarbon fraction was concentrated and subjected to analysis, using conventional GC-quadrupole mass spectrometry (qMS) and GC-flame ionization detection (FID), comprehensive two-dimensional GC-qMS and comprehensive two-dimensional GC-FID, and cold-injection GC-qMS. The latter approach was exploited to avoid and evaluate solute rearrangements occurring under hot-injection conditions. The data derived from each approach were compared, to evaluate each analytical approach. Apart from the comparative scopes, an overall highly-detailed view (both qualitative and quantitative) was attained on the SH fraction of each essential oil, with many constituents reported here for the first time.

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Integrating metabolomic data from multiple analytical platforms for a comprehensive characterisation of lemon essential oils

Mehl

Marti

Merle

et al. 2014

Flavour & Fragrance J

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Citrus cold pressed oils are of great importance to the flavour and fragrance industry. Because of their high added value, careful attention must be paid to ensure the oils’ genuineness and authenticity. Characterising their chemical complexity in a holistic perspective constitutes a potent way to relate specific compounds to the organoleptic properties of interest and to assess their quality. In this context, a complete characterisation using untargeted metabolomics represents an analytical challenge. The present study takes advantage of multiblock data modelling to integrate heterogeneous signals collected from GC-FID, 1H-NMR, UHPLC-TOF/MS- (negative mode) and UHPLC-TOF/MS+ (positive mode) platforms to obtain a complete characterisation of 64 samples of cold pressed lemon oil (CPLO). Two statistical approaches (MB-PLS-DA and Consensus OPLS-DA) were used to classify the samples according to their extraction processes [i.e. Sfumatrice, Food Machinery Corporation Inline Extractor (FMC), Brown Oil Extractor (BOE), Pelatrice, or mixed FMC + Pelatrice]. Furthermore, the multiblock strategy allows links between variables from different analytical methods to be drawn easily and facilitates the identification of compounds. Because citrus oils extracted using the Sfumatrice process constitute the reference quality from an organoleptic point of view, these samples were characterised thoroughly and are reported to contain less fatty acids but more sesquiterpenes and furocoumarins compared with products obtained using other extraction processes

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Sicilian lemon oil: Composition of volatile and oxygen heterocyclic fractions and enantiomeric distribution of volatile components

Cited by 35 publications

References 37 publications

Assessing the Biosynthetic Capabilities of Secretory Glands inCitrusPeel

Assessing the Biosynthetic Capabilities of Secretory Glands inCitrusPeel

Analysis of the sesquiterpene fraction of citrus essential oils by using the off‐line combination of high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography‐based methods: a comparative study

Integrating metabolomic data from multiple analytical platforms for a comprehensive characterisation of lemon essential oils

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