Signal conditioning circuit for gel strain sensors

Payo, Ismael; Polo, J. L.; López, Blanca Muñoz; Serrano, Diana; Rodríguez, Amelia del Carmen Rodríguez; Herrero, M. Antonia; Martín-Pacheco, Ana; Sánchez, I J; Vázquez, Éster

doi:10.1088/1361-665x/ac36e0

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Under externally applied tensile strains along its length, the structural parameters of the hydrogel electrode change, which results in a change in the electrical resistance. [ 28 ] In other words, as the applied tensile strain increases, the hydrogel's L and ρ increased and A decreased simultaneously. Additionally, the change in the capacitance of the device was measured under different applied tensile strains (Figure 3c,d).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogel‐Based Real‐Time Wireless Liquid Level Monitoring System for Size‐Independent Infusion Bags

Shin

Lee

Gupta

et al. 2022

Adv Elect Materials

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exposure of medical practitioners to pathogens while facilitating efficient consultation. With the help of wearable sensors, several basic but important information such as blood pressure, temperature, and electrocardiogram can be shared with doctors at any time over the Internet, which not only facilitate real-time diagnosis but also reduces the number of direct doctor consultation, hospital stay, and hospital readmission. Intravenous (IV) drip infusion is commonly used in hospitals to treat critically ill patients. However, this procedure is laborious and requires the constant monitoring or supervision of the administration because it can last for more than an hour. It is nontrivial to continuously examine the amount of IV fluid drip, which comprises a small curative tube called a catheter that infuses a saline-based electrolyte solution into the patient's bloodstream and provides readily available nutrition to assist in the patient's recovery. Typically, the fluid inside the drip bottle is monitored by the doctor or nurse visiting the patient's bed; health professionals must replace the drip bag just before the saline solution is depleted. This procedure is tedious, and in some cases, the nurse's tasks may be disrupted, and/or additional personnel or staff may be required. In the current COVID-19 pandemic, the situation is even more complex and not a good practice. To address this issue, wireless liquid-level sensors based on capacitive-type, [5][6][7][8] load cell, [9,10] optical, [11] and infrared sensors [12] have been proposed. In the case of capacitive-type liquid-level sensors, flexible conductive plates separated by a distance in a coplanar configuration are mostly adopted. On the other hand, hydrogel-based conductors are fascinating due to their electrical conductivity, transparency, self-healable, stretchability, and tunable to desired functionality by modifying the crosslinking chemistry. Considering their high stretchability (>100%), a positive attribute, size-independent infusion bag liquid-level monitoring can be realized. Hydrogel-based devices, considering their stretchability a major functionality, such as strain sensors, [13,14] triboelectric nanogenerators, [15,16] and supercapacitors [17] have been reported to date. To the state-of-art of hydrogel-based devices, there were no reports on liquid level sensors based on hydrogel electrodes in a coplanar configuration.This paper introduces a coplanar capacitive-type liquid level sensor based on stretchable hydrogel electrodes integrated with a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB). The sensor can be attached to the outer surface of an infusion bag for real-time wireless monitoring. Regardless of the size of the infusion bag,The monitoring of saline levels during medication has become a tedious process for practitioners. Regardless of the infusion bag size, real-time wireless monitoring is essential in the healthcare medical sector. This paper demonstrates a size-independent infusion bag liquid level monitoring system based on highly stretchable (...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogel‐Based Real‐Time Wireless Liquid Level Monitoring System for Size‐Independent Infusion Bags

Shin

Lee

Gupta

et al. 2022

Adv Elect Materials

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“…A proper conditioning circuit needs to be designed to fulfill this purpose. The circuit presented here is based on the work of I. Payo et al [16], in which a signal conditioning circuit for strain sensors using acrylamide hydrogels and organogels with DMSO solvent is developed. Instead of these gels, we have used our hydrogel to build our actuator because of its self-healing ability.…”

Section: Curvature Sensor and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5) for our cationic network hydrogel. The full-wave rectifier in [16] has been substituted by a precision half-wave rectifier to prevent the voltage drops caused by the diodes. As long as the signal frequency is large enough, the output voltage of the rectifier will be properly stable in the hold capacitor (C conv ).…”

Section: Curvature Sensor and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogel-based soft pneumatic bending actuator with self-healing and proprioception capabilities

Lopez-Diaz

Braic

Ramos

et al. 2022

2022 IEEE 5th International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft)

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Proprioception is a necessary skill in robots and especially complicated in soft robots. It is commonly achieved by adding an external complement to the robotic structure that acts as a sensor. In this work, we present an approach in which the material itself (a cationic network hydrogel) serves as a structure and as a curvature sensor in a soft pneumatic bending actuator. The experiments carried out validate the use of the resistive strain capacity of our hydrogel as a proprioceptive sensor. We believe that this sensing capacity, together with the high stretchability and self-healing capability of our material makes our approach an interesting alternative for the development of soft actuators.

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“…Hydrogels have, consequently, attracted much interest in smart sensing [9,10], wearable devices [11][12][13], and tissue engineering [14,15]. Resistive [16] and capacitive [17] applications of conductive hydrogels can be further separated. To perceive the movement of an object and determine the motion of individual components of the object by the difference in resistivity (R/R 0 = (R − R 0 )/R 0 ), resistive sensors primarily use the deformation of hydrogels (stretching and compression) [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Nanocellulose Whisker/Polyacrylamide/Xanthan Gum Double Network Conductive Hydrogels

Wang

2023

Coatings

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Hydrogels’ poor mechanical and recovery characteristics inhibited their application as a plastic deformable three-dimensional cross-linked network polymer with electrical properties for intelligent sensing and human motion detection. Cellulose has also been added to the hydrogel to enhance its mechanical properties. The hydrogel has been enhanced this way, and the double-network hydrogel has superior recovery and mechanical capabilities. This study used the traditional free radical polymerization method to prepare double-mesh hydrogels, with polyacrylamide as the backbone network, xanthan gum double-helix structure, and Al3+ complex structure as the second cross-linked network, and endowing the hydrogels with good mechanical recovery and mechanical properties. Adding cellulose nanowafers (CNWs) improved the mechanical properties of the hydrogels. The hydrogel could detect body movements and various postures in the same environment. Moreover, the hydrogel has excellent recovery, mechanical properties, and tensile strain; the maximum fracture stress is 0.14 MPa, and the maximum strain is 707.1%. In addition, Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of xanthan gum and Xanthan gum—Al3+ were analyzed, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and LCR bridge were used to analyze the properties of hydrogels. Notably, hydrogel-based wearable sensors have been successfully constructed to detect human movement. Its mechanical properties, sensitivity, and wide range of properties make hydrogel a great potential for various applications in wearable sensors.

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Signal conditioning circuit for gel strain sensors

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Hydrogel‐Based Real‐Time Wireless Liquid Level Monitoring System for Size‐Independent Infusion Bags

Hydrogel‐Based Real‐Time Wireless Liquid Level Monitoring System for Size‐Independent Infusion Bags

Hydrogel-based soft pneumatic bending actuator with self-healing and proprioception capabilities

Preparation of Nanocellulose Whisker/Polyacrylamide/Xanthan Gum Double Network Conductive Hydrogels

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