Signal exchange and integration during self-fusion in filamentous fungi

Fleißner, André; Herzog, Stephanie

doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.03.016

Cited by 48 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…During cell fusion, chemotropic growth is associated with alternating oscillatory recruitment of the MAK-2 MAPK module (including ADV-1 targets MEK-1, MAK-1, and the scaffold protein HAM-5) and SO to opposing tips of the communicating cells prior to fusion (Jonkers et al 2014, 2016; Dettmann et al 2014, 2012; Fleissner et al 2009b; Fleissner and Herzog 2016). This alternating pattern of MAK-2 complexes and SO at opposing tips occurs about every 4–5 min, and is thought to play an important role in signaling and response during fusion (Goryachev et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on sequence similarity to NoxD/Pro41 in Podospora , HAM-6 likely encodes p22phox of NADPH oxidases important in development, cell differentiation, cell proliferation, and programmed cell death (Lacaze et al 2015). Furthermore, mutants of N. crassa lacking the NADPH oxidase NOX-1 are deficient in hyphal fusion (Fu et al 2011; Fleissner et al 2008), possibly due to connections between NOX complexes and MAPK pathways (Fleissner and Herzog 2016). Finally, both PRM-1 and LFD-1 function in membrane fusion (Fleissner et al 2009a; Leeder et al 2013; Palma-Guerrero et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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TheNeurosporaTranscription Factor ADV-1 Transduces Light Signals and Temporal Information to Control Rhythmic Expression of Genes Involved in Cell Fusion

Dekhang

Smith

et al. 2017

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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Light and the circadian clock have a profound effect on the biology of organisms through the regulation of large sets of genes. Toward understanding how light and the circadian clock regulate gene expression, we used genome-wide approaches to identify the direct and indirect targets of the light-responsive and clock-controlled transcription factor ADV-1 in Neurospora crassa. A large proportion of ADV-1 targets were found to be light- and/or clock-controlled, and enriched for genes involved in development, metabolism, cell growth, and cell fusion. We show that ADV-1 is necessary for transducing light and/or temporal information to its immediate downstream targets, including controlling rhythms in genes critical to somatic cell fusion. However, while ADV-1 targets are altered in predictable ways in Δadv-1 cells in response to light, this is not always the case for rhythmic target gene expression. These data suggest that a complex regulatory network downstream of ADV-1 functions to generate distinct temporal dynamics of target gene expression relative to the central clock mechanism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TheNeurosporaTranscription Factor ADV-1 Transduces Light Signals and Temporal Information to Control Rhythmic Expression of Genes Involved in Cell Fusion

Dekhang

Smith

et al. 2017

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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“…The majority of our genetic understanding of hyphal fusion is obtained from a series of N. crassa studies where genes involved in fusion events have been termed h yphal a nasto m osis genes, ham (Herzog et al, 2015; Fleißner and Herzog, 2016; Daskalov et al, 2017). Here we present data showing that five A. flavus homologs (HamE-I) of N. crassa Ham proteins (HAM-5-9) share the same regulatory cascade as in N. crassa with four of them (HamF-I) to exhibit clear roles in fusion events in A. flavus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hyphal fusion is best characterized in the non-sclerotial model fungus Neurospora crassa (Fu et al, 2011; Herzog et al, 2015; Fleißner and Herzog, 2016; Daskalov et al, 2017), with many of the genes required for fusion events called ham ( h yphal a nasto m osis) genes (Xiang et al, 2002). In N. crassa , MAP kinases, the striatin-interacting protein phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complex and the NADPH oxidase complex, together with fungal specific proteins are wired into an intricate signaling network to mediate hyphal fusion events (Herzog et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cellular Fusion Cascade Regulated by LaeA Is Required for Sclerotial Development in Aspergillus flavus

et al. 2017

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Aspergillus flavus is a saprophytic soil fungus that poses a serious threat worldwide as it contaminates many food and feed crops with the carcinogenic mycotoxin called aflatoxin. This pathogen persists as sclerotia in the soil which enables fungal survival in harsh environmental conditions. Sclerotia formation by A. flavus depends on successful cell communication and hyphal fusion events. Loss of LaeA, a conserved developmental regulator in fungi, abolishes sclerotia formation in this species whereas overexpression (OE) of laeA results in enhanced sclerotia production. Here we demonstrate that sclerotia loss and inability to form heterokaryons in A. flavusΔlaeA is mediated by homologs of the Neurospora crassa ham (hyphal anastomosis) genes termed hamE-I in A. flavus. LaeA positively regulates ham gene expression and deletion of hamF, G, H, or I phenocopies ΔlaeA as demonstrated by heterokaryon and sclerotia loss and reduced aflatoxin synthesis and virulence of these mutants. Deletion of hamE showed a less severe phenotype. hamE-I homologs are positively regulated by the clock controlled transcription factor ADV-1 in N. crassa. Similarly, the ADV-1 homolog NosA regulates hamE-I expression in A. flavus, is required for sclerotial development and is itself positively regulated by LaeA. We speculate that a putative LaeA>NosA>fusion cascade underlies the previously described circadian clock regulation of sclerotia production in A. flavus.

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“…Fractal‐like filling of the available space might further minimize conflict among separate hyphae of the same individual. This is underpinned by negative autotropism observed at the growing edge of vegetative mycelia, whereas in other parts of the colony hyphae can form interconnections (positive autotropism) presumably to enable the flow of nutrients and/or signals across the individual (Leeder, Palma‐Guerrero, & Glass, ; Fleissner & Herzog, ). Similar ‘siphonous→multicellular’ transformations can be found in certain algae (Niklas, Cobb, & Crawford, ; Niklas & Newman, ) and may represent a third way to evolve simple multicellularity in addition to the colonial and aggregative routes (Brown et al ., ; Sebé‐Pedrós et al ., ; Brunet & King, ).…”

Section: Simple Multicellularity In Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex multicellularity in fungi: evolutionary convergence, single origin, or both?

2018

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Complex multicellularity represents the most advanced level of biological organization and it has evolved only a few times: in metazoans, green plants, brown and red algae and fungi. Compared to other lineages, the evolution of multicellularity in fungi follows different principles; both simple and complex multicellularity evolved via unique mechanisms not found in other lineages. Herein we review ecological, palaeontological, developmental and genomic aspects of complex multicellularity in fungi and discuss general principles of the evolution of complex multicellularity in light of its fungal manifestations. Fungi represent the only lineage in which complex multicellularity shows signatures of convergent evolution: it appears 8-11 times in distinct fungal lineages, which show a patchy phylogenetic distribution yet share some of the genetic mechanisms underlying complex multicellular development. To explain the patchy distribution of complex multicellularity across the fungal phylogeny we identify four key observations: the large number of apparently independent complex multicellular clades; the lack of documented phenotypic homology between these clades; the conservation of gene circuits regulating the onset of complex multicellular development; and the existence of clades in which the evolution of complex multicellularity is coupled with limited gene family diversification. We discuss how these patterns and known genetic aspects of fungal development can be reconciled with the genetic theory of convergent evolution to explain the pervasive occurrence of complex multicellularity across the fungal tree of life.

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Signal exchange and integration during self-fusion in filamentous fungi

Cited by 48 publications

References 74 publications

TheNeurosporaTranscription Factor ADV-1 Transduces Light Signals and Temporal Information to Control Rhythmic Expression of Genes Involved in Cell Fusion

TheNeurosporaTranscription Factor ADV-1 Transduces Light Signals and Temporal Information to Control Rhythmic Expression of Genes Involved in Cell Fusion

A Cellular Fusion Cascade Regulated by LaeA Is Required for Sclerotial Development in Aspergillus flavus

Complex multicellularity in fungi: evolutionary convergence, single origin, or both?

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