Signal-off/on electrogenerated chemiluminescence deoxyribosensors for assay of early lung cancer biomarker (NAP2) based on target-caused DNA charge transfer

Electroanalytical overview: screen-printed electrochemical sensing platforms for the detection of vital cardiac, cancer and inflammatory biomarkers

“…Cancer biomarkers encompass genes, gene products, DNA, RNA, proteins, enzymes, hormones and/or specific cells, 107 and as different cancers vary so significantly in terms of their aetiology and pathogenesis, so too do their associated specific biomarkers. SPE-based electrochemical approaches to the analysis of cancer biomarkers typically focus on the detection of proteins, a summary of these SPE approaches can be found in Table 3.…”

Tailored point-of-care biosensors for liquid biopsy in the field of oncology

“…For biomarker protein detection, deoxyribose sensors can be widely used for population-based screening activity. 69…”

“…Fig. 3 Schematic representation of: (a) HER2/BSA/anti-HER2/chit/CNDs/SPCE based immunosensor for HER2 detection; 62 (b) 3D printed microfluid arrays with cell lysis on line to detect biomarkers for metastatic cancer; 65 (c) ITO-Chi-MWCNTs-TF-BSA biosensor and electrochemical detection of TFR; 67 (d) signal-ON and signal OFF chemiluminescence deoxyribose biosensor for the detection of NAP2 protein through DNA charge transfer mechanism 69. …”

Biomarkers for Early Cancer Detection: A Landscape View of Recent Advancements, Spotlighting Pancreatic and Liver Cancers

“…The first diagnostic biomarkers to be used for cancer testing and screening were primarily proteins such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and PSA, which were discovered and developed for clinical application in the early stages of biomedical research. With the advances of biotechnology, biomarker research has been transformed and advanced to include circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) such as mutated EGFR gene, 57 various types of RNA, particularly miRNA, 58 genes released during genetic modification and cell division, 59 peptides and proteins including hormones, receptors, antibodies, 60 also lipids and other metabolites, 61 circulating tumor cells (CTCs), 62 and extracellular vesicles such as exosomes. 63 The timeline for the development and discovery of biomarkers for early cancer diagnosis reveals a complex and ongoing process (Figure 2).…”