Signal Processing of Semicircular Canal and Otolith Signals in the Vestibular Nuclei during Passive and Active Head Movements

McCrea, R. A.; Luan, Hongge

doi:10.1196/annals.1303.015

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, the center of reference shifts abruptly in the vestibular nuclei, depending on behavior (McCrea and Luan 2003;McCrea et al 1999;Boyle et al 1996).…”

Section: A Note On Natural Variables For the Determination Of Gaze Shmentioning

confidence: 98%

Variables Contributing to the Coordination of Rapid Eye/Head Gaze Shifts

Hanes

McCollum

2006

Biol Cybern

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this article results of several published studies are synthesized in order to address the neural system for the determination of eye and head movement amplitudes of horizontal eye/head gaze shifts with arbitrary initial head and eye positions. Target position, initial head position, and initial eye position span the space of physical parameters for a planned eye/head gaze saccade. The principal result is that a functional mechanism for determining the amplitudes of the component eye and head movements must use the entire space of variables. Moreover, it is shown that amplitudes cannot be determined additively by summing contributions from single variables. Many earlier models calculate amplitudes as a function of one or two variables and/or restrict consideration to best-fit linear formulae. Our analysis systematically eliminates such models as candidates for a system that can generate appropriate movements for all possible initial conditions. The results of this study are stated in terms of properties of the response system. Certain axiom sets for the intrinsic organization of the response system obey these properties. We briefly provide one example of such an axiomatic model. The results presented in this article help to characterize the actual neural system for the control of rapid eye/head gaze shifts by showing that, in order to account for behavioral data, certain physical quantities must be represented in and used by the neural system. Our theoretical analysis generates predictions and identifies gaps in the data. We suggest needed experiments.

show abstract

“…In addition, the center of reference shifts abruptly in the vestibular nuclei, depending on behavior (McCrea and Luan 2003;McCrea et al 1999;Boyle et al 1996).…”

Section: A Note On Natural Variables For the Determination Of Gaze Shmentioning

confidence: 98%

Variables Contributing to the Coordination of Rapid Eye/Head Gaze Shifts

Hanes

McCollum

2006

Biol Cybern

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Vestibular sensitivity in these neurons is modulated by AHV during passive rotations in the dark. In animals that visually track objects, both position-vestibular-pause and eye-head neurons show suppression of vestibular modulation during directed active head movements or gaze redirection (i.e., combined head and eye movement) that ends once the eye-in-space position is stable (McCrea and Luan, 2003; Roy and Cullen, 2002). During active head turns, these neurons therefore show AHV modulation only during the later portion of the active head rotation, when the head is being brought into line with the eyes, once the eyes have acquired the target.…”

Section: Vestibular Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolving the active versus passive conundrum for head direction cells

Shinder

Taube

2014

Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Head direction (HD) cells have been identified in a number of limbic system structures. These cells encode the animal’s perceived directional heading in the horizontal plane and are dependent on an intact vestibular system. Previous studies have reported that the responses of vestibular neuron within the vestibular nuclei are markedly attenuated when an animal makes a volitional head turn compared to passive rotation. This finding presents a conundrum in that if vestibular responses are suppressed during an active head turn how is a vestibular signal propagated forward to drive and update the HD signal? This review identifies and discusses four possible mechanisms that could resolve this problem. These mechanisms are: 1) the ascending vestibular signal is generated by more than just vestibular-only neurons, 2) not all vestibular-only neurons contributing to the HD pathway have firing rates that are attenuated by active head turns, 3) the ascending pathway may be spared from the affects of the attenuation in that the HD system receives information from other vestibular brainstem sites that do not include vestibular-only cells, 4) the ascending signal is affected by the inhibited vestibular signal during an active head turn, but the HD circuit compensates and uses the altered signal to accurately update the current head direction. Future studies will be needed to decipher which of these possibilities is correct.

show abstract

“…However, other neuron types in the MVN, e.g. position-vestibular-pause, eye-head, vestibular-only and burst-position neurons have also shown sensitivity changes depending on the particular combination of vestibular and visual stimuli including: VOR cancellation, eccentric rotation and active versus passive head rotation (McConville et al 1996;McCrea and Luan 2003;Cullen 2004). Clearly, further studies are needed to determine the precise mechanisms behind unilateral VOR adaptation.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unilateral Adaptation of the Human Angular Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex

Migliaccio

Schubert

2012

JARO

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A recent study showed that the angular vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) can be better adaptively increased using an incremental retinal image velocity error signal compared with a conventional constant large velocity-gain demand (×2). This finding has important implications for vestibular rehabilitation that seeks to improve the VOR response after injury. However, a large portion of vestibular patients have unilateral vestibular hypofunction, and training that raises their VOR response during rotations to both the ipsilesional and contralesional side is not usually ideal. We sought to determine if the vestibular response to one side could selectively be increased without affecting the contralateral response. We tested nine subjects with normal vestibular function. Using the scleral search coil and head impulse techniques, we measured the active and passive VOR gain (eye velocity / head velocity) before and after unilateral incremental VOR adaptation training, consisting of self-generated (active) head impulses, which lasted ∼15 min. The head impulses consisted of rapid, horizontal head rotations with peak-amplitude 15 o , peak-velocity 150 o /s and peak-acceleration 3,000 o /s 2 . The VOR gain towards the adapting side increased after training from 0.92±0.18 to 1.11±0.22 (+22.7± 20.2 %) during active head impulses and from 0.91± 0.15 to 1.01±0.17 (+11.3±7.5 %) during passive head impulses. During active impulses, the VOR gain towards the non-adapting side also increased by ∼8 %, though this increase was ∼70 % less than to the adapting side. A similar increase did not occur during passive impulses. This study shows that unilateral vestibular adaptation is possible in humans with a normal VOR; unilateral incremental VOR adaptation may have a role in vestibular rehabilitation. The increase in passive VOR gain after active head impulse adaptation suggests that the training effect is robust.

show abstract

Signal Processing of Semicircular Canal and Otolith Signals in the Vestibular Nuclei during Passive and Active Head Movements

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Variables Contributing to the Coordination of Rapid Eye/Head Gaze Shifts

Variables Contributing to the Coordination of Rapid Eye/Head Gaze Shifts

Resolving the active versus passive conundrum for head direction cells

Unilateral Adaptation of the Human Angular Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About