Significance and impact of dietary factors on systemic lupus erythematosus pathogenesis (Review)

Constantin, Maria‐Magdalena; Nita, Iuliana Elena; Olteanu, Rodica; Constantin, Traian; Bucur, Ștefana; Matei, Clara; Raducan, Anca

doi:10.3892/etm.2018.6986

Cited by 52 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The relationship between dietary sugar intake and autoimmunity has not been previously examined but prior studies have indicated that dietary factors play a key role in various autoimmune inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease [6,[30][31][32]. Moreover, in agreement with our results, recently published research concluded that, in patients with SLE, a good diet can contribute to increasing the period of remission, preventing the adverse effects of medications, and improving the physical and mental well-being of patients [7]. Thus, dietary therapy has now been recognised as a promising approach to treating SLE, owing to both its potential prophylactic effects and its contribution to reducing co-morbidities and improving quality of life in these individuals [33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Diet has been closely associated with inflammatory autoimmune diseases and is among the modifiable factors related to them [5]. In fact, previous studies have established nutrients as influential factors in inflammatory autoimmune diseases such as SLE or rheumatoid arthritis [6,7]. However, no conclusive associations have yet been consistently established and therefore, the links between diet and SLE remain elusive and intriguing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Intake of Free Sugars is Associated with Disease Activity and Dyslipidemia in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

et al. 2020

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Diet has been closely associated with inflammatory autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Importantly, the consumption of dietary sugars has been positively linked to elevated levels of some inflammation markers, but the potential role of their consumption on the prognosis of autoimmune diseases has not yet been examined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the dietary intake of free sugars and clinical parameters and cardiovascular (CVD) risk markers in patients with SLE. A cross-sectional study including a total of 193 patients with SLE (aged 48.25 ± 12.54 years) was conducted. The SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI-2K) and the SDI Damage Index were used to asses disease activity and disease-related damage, respectively. Levels of C-reactive protein (CRP; mg/dL), homocysteine (Hcy; µmol/L), anti-double stranded DNA antibodies (anti-dsDNA) (IU/mL), complement C3 (mg/dL), and complement C4 (mg/dL), among other biochemical markers, were measured. The main factors we considered as risk factors for CVD were obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and blood lipids. The dietary-intrinsic sugar and added-sugar content participants consumed were obtained via a 24-h patient diary. Significant differences were observed in dietary sugar intake between patients with active and inactive SLE (in grams: 28.31 ± 24.43 vs. 38.71 ± 28.87; p = 0.035) and free sugar intake (as a percentage: 6.36 ± 4.82 vs. 8.60 ± 5.51; p = 0.020). Linear regression analysis revealed a significant association between free sugars intake (by gram or percentage) and the number of complications (β (95% CI) = 0.009 (0.001, 0.0018), p = 0.033)); (β (95% CI) = 0.046 (0.008, 0.084), p = 0.018)), and SLEDAI (β (95% CI) = 0.017 (0.001, 0.034), p = 0.043)); (β (95% CI) = 0.086 (0.011, 0.161), p = 0.024)) after adjusting for covariates. Free sugars (g and %) were also associated with the presence of dyslipidaemia (β (95% CI) = −0.003 (−0.005, 0.000), p = 0.024)) and (β (95% CI) = −0.015 (−0.028, −0.002), p = 0.021)). Our findings suggest that a higher consumption of free sugars might negatively impact the activity and complications of SLE. However, future longitudinal research on SLE patients, including dietary intervention trials, are necessary to corroborate these preliminary data.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Intake of Free Sugars is Associated with Disease Activity and Dyslipidemia in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

et al. 2020

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“…Compound of Mediterranean diet and pharmacological treatment decrease the disease activity and improve quality of life in patients with autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and SLE [79,80]. Specifically, beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet on prevention, treatment, reducing symptoms of pain, and enhancing physical activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis were observed [79].…”

Section: Autoimmune Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean Diet as a Tool to Combat Inflammation and Chronic Diseases. An Overview

et al. 2020

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Since ancient times, the quality of nourishment is a milestone for the maintenance of health and as it is stated ‘prevention is better than cure’, amongst the so-called ‘healthy’ diets Mediterranean diet (MD) claims the lion’s share. It stands in good stead because of a variety of valuable macro- and micronutrients. So, adherence to a MD is associated with the reduction of inflammation and non-communicable (NCD) OR chronic diseases. Numerous studies try to scrutinize the role of MD components as regards reducing inflammation, lowering rate, and mortality for disorders and illnesses, and preventing NCD. MD regime of the inhabitants of the Mediterranean basin includes a variety of ethnic nutritional habits and regulates an array of effects and epigenetic changes that affect human wellbeing. The research is still ongoing and endeavors to elucidate every aspect of this issue. This review focuses on the impact of MD on inflammation highlights positive results regarding NCD and indicates the need for more high-quality experiments and trials in order to overcome any discrepancies.

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“…50,51 Conversely, a recent review reports that they regulate levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, and TG: especially at the ratio of 3:1 for EPA and DHA. 52 Currently, the use of omega-3 PUFAs appears to be limited to the regulation of TG levels. In the recent recommendations from the American Heart Association (AHA), prescription of omega-3PUFAs at a dose of 4 g/d has consistently resulted in significant reductions in TG levels in patients with HTG or VHTG.…”

Section: Omega-3 Pufas and Their Potential Therapeutic Role In Nephromentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>The Supportive Treatment of IgA Nephropathy and Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome: How Useful are Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids?</p>

Uwaezuoke¹,

Muoneke²,

Mbanefo³

2020

IJNRD

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IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most prevalent glomerular disease in young adults worldwide, while idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) represents the most frequent manifestation of glomerular disease in childhood. Over the years, studies have speculated about the potential benefits of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in improving morbidity in both forms of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The proposed mechanisms of action include reduction of proteinuria and modulation of dyslipidemia. Although in vitro and in vivo experimental studies report the suppressive effect of omega-3 PUFAs on inflammatory pathways linked with the progression of nephropathy, the evidence supporting their beneficial effect in IgAN and INS is still weak. Also, their ability to regulate levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) suggests that they could delay both dyslipidemia-associated nephrotoxicity and atherosclerosis. Most of the clinical trials that were conducted on their therapeutic benefits in IgAN patients reported positive outcomes with low and high doses of omega-3 PUFAs. However, few of the trials noted inconclusive findings, with low-quality evidence suggesting potential improvements in surrogate renal function outcomes. If the beneficial effect of omega-3 PUFAs is predicated on their hypolipidemic action, much higher doses could be used in welldesigned randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) to determine if they could produce better renal function outcomes and provide much stronger evidence of their therapeutic benefits in IgAN and INS. However, the current hypothetical mechanisms of action in these forms of CKD also include the effect of omega-3 PUFAs on renal inflammatory pathways and glomerular proteinuria. Perhaps, the unresolved therapeutic efficacy of these fatty acids in IgAN and INS suggests that their exact mechanisms of action are yet to be fully established. In this narrative review, we aim to appraise the current evidence of their potential therapeutic benefits in these diseases.

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Significance and impact of dietary factors on systemic lupus erythematosus pathogenesis (Review)

Cited by 52 publications

References 47 publications

Dietary Intake of Free Sugars is Associated with Disease Activity and Dyslipidemia in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

Dietary Intake of Free Sugars is Associated with Disease Activity and Dyslipidemia in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

Mediterranean Diet as a Tool to Combat Inflammation and Chronic Diseases. An Overview

<p>The Supportive Treatment of IgA Nephropathy and Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome: How Useful are Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids?</p>

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