Significance of Metabolic Stress, Lipid Mobilization, and Inflammation on Transition Cow Disorders

Sordillo, Lorraine M.; Raphael, William

doi:10.1016/j.cvfa.2013.03.002

Cited by 319 publications

(305 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…As a result, considerable attention has been given to this area of research so that through nutritional interventions and adequate homeostasis of fatty acids, protein and carbohydrate metabolism can be maintained or even enhanced. A comprehensive review of the role of disease in the feeding and management of transition cows can be found in several sources (Mulligan and Doherty, 2008;Mulligan et al, 2006;Overton et al, 2004;Sordillo and Raphael, 2013). Indeed, the literature is replete with information about the role of the liver and adipose tissue in metabolic alterations during parturition (Loor, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Changes in Ruminal Tissue Induced by the Periparturient Transition in Dairy Cows

Dionissopoulos

AlZahal

Steele

et al. 2014

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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To understand how the capacity for fat metabolism (uptake, synthesis, modification) changes in rumen epithelia immediately before and after onset of lactation in dairy cows, rumen fluid Short Chain Fatty Acid (SCFA) concentrations and mRNA expression profiles of rumen epithelia was determined in twelve Holstein dairy cows at three weeks prior to calving (wk -3, n = 12), one week post calving (week +1, n = 12) and six weeks (week +6, n = 12) after calving. The diet was modified from a dry cow formulation to a lactating cow formulation immediately following parturition and raised the non-fiber carbohydrate level from 34 to 43%. All data was analyzed using the mixed procedure of SAS, with cows blocked by anticipated calving date and week of sampling as the repeated measure. Propionate, butyrate, isovalerate and valerate levels rose significantly following the diet change (p≤0.001), although acetate and isobutyrate levels were unchanged (p>0.05). Mean rumen pH also changed during the transition period (6.38 Vs 5.81 and 5.85±0.08; -3 Vs +1 and +6; p<0.001) as did mean BW (716.00 Vs 635.82 kg and 615.45 kg ±16.20; -3 Vs +1 and +6; p≤0.002). Microarray analysis of total RNA from rumen epithelial biopsies revealed 1476 differentially expressed genes at a false discovery rate of 10%. These results were filtered for genes that were directly related to both the immune system and fat metabolism/homeostasis. Consequently, the expression of the resulting 28 genes was analyzed by quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) to compare their expression at period -3 versus +6 periods. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that 13 genes were upregulated (p≤0.01), 2 were downregulated (p≤0.01) and 13 were unchanged during the transition period. Pathway and context analysis yielded a unique interactome pathway map which revealed a set of genomic interactions that indicate a link between selected genes from the immune system and those involved in the preparation for lactation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Changes in Ruminal Tissue Induced by the Periparturient Transition in Dairy Cows

Dionissopoulos

AlZahal

Steele

et al. 2014

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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“…BHBA concentrations reflect the extent of oxidation of esterified fatty acids in the liver (LeBlanc, 2010;Sordillo and Raphael, 2013). Our data shows that goats are the most stable to ketosis because they suffer from SCK and not from CK.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…The quantities of blood are used BHBA for evaluation of the degree of NEB and lipid mobilisation in dairy animals (Oetzel 2007;, Panousis et al 2012;Sordillo and Raphael 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body condition score, nonesterified fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations in goats with subclinical ketosis

Marutsova¹,

Binev²

2017

AST

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“…However, mobilisation of fat reserves is a common feature following calving, and if the concentration of NEFA is limited to concentrations that can be fully metabolised for energy needs, there is no association with disease incidence (Sordillo and Raphael, 2013). Using group means for the evaluation of energy balance misrepresents the degree of NEB of the herd, and therefore the percentage of at-risk animals with serum concentrations of these parameters above established thresholds is a better practice to assess the real prevalence of excessive NEB in the herd .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of the metabolic profile, insulin sensitivity and inflammatory response between organically and conventionally managed dairy cattle during the periparturient period

Abuelo

Hernández

Benedito

et al. 2014

Animal

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The number of organically managed cattle (OMC) within the European Union has increased tremendously in the last decade. However, there are still some concerns about animals under this farming system meeting their dietary requirements for milk production. The aim of this study was to compare the metabolic adaptations to the onset of lactation in three different herds, one conventional and two organic ones. Twenty-two conventionally managed cattle (CMC) and 20 from each organic farm were sampled throughout the periparturient period. These samplings were grouped into four different stages: (i) far-off dry, (ii) close-up dry, (iii) fresh and (iv) peak of lactation and compared among them. In addition, the results of periparturient animals were also compared within each management type with a control group (animals between the 4th and 5th months of pregnancy). Metabolic profiles were used to assess the health status of the herds, along with the quantification of the acute phase proteins haptoglobin and serum amyloid A, insulin and the calculation of different surrogate indices of insulin sensitivity. Generalised linear mixed models with repeated measurements were used to study the effect of the stage, management type or their interaction on the serum variables studied. The prevalence of subclinical ketosis was higher in OMC, although they showed better insulin sensitivity, a lower degree of inflammation and less liver injury, without a higher risk of macromineral deficiencies. Therefore, attention should be paid on organic farms to the nutritional management of cows around the time of calving in order to prevent the harmful consequences of excessive negative energy balance. Moreover, it must be taken into account that most of the common practices used to treat this condition in CMC are not allowed on a systematic basis in OMC.

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Significance of Metabolic Stress, Lipid Mobilization, and Inflammation on Transition Cow Disorders

Cited by 319 publications

References 37 publications

Transcriptomic Changes in Ruminal Tissue Induced by the Periparturient Transition in Dairy Cows

Transcriptomic Changes in Ruminal Tissue Induced by the Periparturient Transition in Dairy Cows

Body condition score, nonesterified fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations in goats with subclinical ketosis

A comparative study of the metabolic profile, insulin sensitivity and inflammatory response between organically and conventionally managed dairy cattle during the periparturient period

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