Significance of methanation reactor dynamics on the annual efficiency of power-to-gas -system

Inkeri, Eero; Tynjälä, Tero; Karjunen, Hannu

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2020.09.029

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Because the electrolyser can operate more efficiently with partial loads instead of full loads in actual production. In order to help electrolysers operate at their optimal load, optimization and control procedures may be developed, which could help to increase operational efficiency [18].…”

Section: Future Outlook-future Development Trendmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Electrolysis in the Power-to-Gas Process

Feng¹

2023

HSET

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As the world moves towards a carbon-neutral energy society, electricity networks will also have to undergo some innovation. As a revolutionary technology that can produce a range of gases to promote industrial development while maximizing environmental protection, power-to-gas (PtG) technology has been the subject of extensive discussion in recent years and will have a huge impact on the electricity grid of the future. In this review, three ways of producing hydrogen by electrolysis in the PtG process are comprehensively highlighted and discussed: alkaline electrolysis, proton exchange membrane electrolysis, and solid oxide electrolysis. Along with some of the limitations in practical implementations, the guiding concepts for the three approaches are presented. Their advantages and disadvantages are also summarized and compared. Some latest progress and breakthroughs are also collected and discussed in this review. Moreover, analysis about the economics and industrial applications as well as the present limitations and future outlook are also involved in the discussion part. It is hoped that this review study would increase interest in bridging technological gaps to realize scalable hydrogen production in the PtG method.

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Section: Future Outlook-future Development Trendmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Electrolysis in the Power-to-Gas Process

Feng¹

2023

HSET

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“…The load of the methanation unit is increased to 100% when the tank reaches the maximum capacity, turned down to 50% part load at 50% tank filling, or it is shut down when the tank is empty. Although we only consider discrete load changes, this operation mode corresponds in principle to the heuristics implemented in the simulations of Gorre et al (2020) and Inkeri et al (2021).…”

Section: Algorithm Pl2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The grid balancing scenario required the least capacity, as only short-term peaks and under-coverages had to be compensated. Inkeri et al (2021) present a similar study, which considers further parameters of thermal dynamics for the reactor, such as a load ramp, thermal ramp, a cooling rate and a maximum stand-by time. Their considerations are also based on a fixedbed methanation reactor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in part load operation of biogas-based power-to-gas processes (part I)

Gantenbein

Schildhauer

2022

Front. Energy Res.

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Direct methanation of biogas enables the storage of electrical energy in carbon-neutral (bio-)methane and subsequent injection into the national gas distribution grid. The intermittent availability of renewable electricity, as well as the varying nature of biogas production by e.g. anaerobic digestion, necessitate enhanced operational flexibility of such a Power-to-Gas process and intermediate buffer storage. This work provides experimental data of dynamic part load operation of a TRL 5 methanation plant with gas upgrading to grid-ready biomethane. Full recycling of unreacted H2 could be achieved by a commercial biogas upgrading membrane (Evonik SEPURAN® Green). Using real biogas, a sequence of load levels down to 45% of the full load capacity were tested. Stable operation of the plant could be demonstrated and grid injection limitations could be fulfilled after equilibration of the system. Additionally, an idealised PtG process chain was simulated with the focus on a sensitivity analysis of the H2 storage capacity on the methanation operation hours. It was shown that increasing the hydrogen storage capacity decreases the number of start-up and shut down procedures of the methanation plant. It could be shown that by using an equally sized electrolyser and methanation unit, allowing part load operation of the methanation only during the emptying of the H2 tank leads to longer activity phases of the methanation unit, while allowing part load operation of the methanation reactor during filling of the H2 storage tank had a negative effect.

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“…In this context, a study on CO methanation with periodic feed composition cycling that focuses on first principles was conducted by Güttel . Inkeri et al have studied the influence of dynamic properties of a methanation reactor, hydrogen storage size, and electrolyzer full load hours on the system efficiency of a PtG plant. Depending on the power supply scenario (wind, solar, or spot market), different characteristics are found to influence the efficiency of the PtG plant.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of a Laboratory-Scale Methanation Plant with Catalyst Dilution under Dynamic Operating Conditions

Herrmann

Grünewald

Meijer

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Power systems with high shares of fluctuating renewable energies require the management of power demand conforming to availability as well as storage for periods of low generation. The production of synthetic natural gas with power-to-gas (PtG) plants offers a solution to both problems: flexibility in plant capacity and long-term energy storage. Hence, we study the dynamic operability of a methanation plant as a key part of the PtG process. At first, the effect of catalyst dilution on maximum temperature and load range in the main reactor is investigated. Subsequently, the dynamic and load change behavior of the plant are studied by analyzing load ramps and operation according to a pre-defined load profile. For a complete picture, experiments and simulations are evaluated at the same time. Results show that the dilution of a commercial catalyst with inert material is an effective measure to reduce the maximum temperature in a methanation plant without compromising product quality. This holds true for dynamic operation, where the plant shows an excellent capability of following fast load changes. Dividing the main reactor into three zones of different catalytic activity is practical from an operator’s point of view and applicable to existing plants to improve flexibility.

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Significance of methanation reactor dynamics on the annual efficiency of power-to-gas -system

Cited by 25 publications

References 40 publications

Water Electrolysis in the Power-to-Gas Process

Water Electrolysis in the Power-to-Gas Process

Challenges in part load operation of biogas-based power-to-gas processes (part I)

Performance of a Laboratory-Scale Methanation Plant with Catalyst Dilution under Dynamic Operating Conditions

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