Significant relationship between the backward scattering coefficient of sea water and the scatterance at 120°

Oishi, Tomohiko

doi:10.1364/ao.29.004658

Cited by 86 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A wideband blue filter before the detector prevents detection of light emitted by fluorescence. According to Oishi (1990), the partial backscattering coefficients measured in this angular range are proportional to the total bh with maximum prediction errors ranging from 18% (at 140") to 3 1% (at 150") for various types of water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ methods for measuring the inherent optical properties of ocean waters

Bricaud

Roesler

Zaneveld

1995

Limnology & Oceanography

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In situ attenuation (488 and 660 nm), absorption (488, 676, and 750 nm), backscattering (at 488 nm), and stimulated fluorescence were determined as functions of depth in oceanic and coastal waters off Oregon, using both commercial instruments and recently developed prototypes. The inability to perfectly constrain scattered light in these instruments necessitates correction to retrieve accurate optical coefficients. Because scattering is usually one order of magnitude higher than absorption, the correction is most critical for absorption coefficients. A correction procedure based on values obtained with the absorption meter in the infrared region (750 nm) was used to correct the measured spectral absorption coefficients. Realistic values of the backscattering coefficient were obtained from a prototype instrument, although accurate calibration could not be performed for this study.These measurements resulted in the first-ever data set of in situ profiles of attenuation, absorption, scattering, backscattering, and the backscattering ratio. The blue and red attenuation coefficients were tightly correlated, with a relationship varying from site to site. The red-to-blue absorption ratio varied both from site to site and vertically, indicating changes in the relative concentrations of chlorophyllous (phytoplankton) and nonchlorophyllous (biogenous or mineral) particles. The backscattering ratio also appeared to be very sensitive to vertical changes in particle composition. The in situ scattering coefficients were compared to those estimated with a Mie scattering model, using measured particle size distributions and particulate absorption coefficients as input parameters. By allowing the real part of the refractive index of particles to vary over the range of realistic values, convergence between measured and modeled values was obtained.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ methods for measuring the inherent optical properties of ocean waters

Bricaud

Roesler

Zaneveld

1995

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…The direct measurement of b B is not easy, but it has been noted that the scatterance at 120° is an excellent predictor of b B [9]. This phenomenon forms the basis of our proposed probing system as is shown in figure 1.…”

Section: The Challenges Of An Underwater Distributed Sensing Systemmentioning

confidence: 81%

A distributed sensor system for detection of contaminants in the ocean

Kedar

Arnon

2006

SPIE Proceedings

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A compact and mobile distributed sensing system which can monitor contaminant content in the ocean and initiate an alert system when high contaminant levels are detected would be useful in the surveillance of ports and harbors. Oceanic data acquisition takes many forms, but miniature and low cost platforms are not available for widespread monitoring and surveillance tasks. In this paper we present a novel sensing system, adapted from a similar concept designed for atmospheric probing and evaluate its feasibility in the ocean environment. Both the probing task itself and the data communication from the sensor nodes to the base station are based on free space optics. We also develop a probabilistic model of multi-access interference in a system using spectral diversity, which may be applicable in many distributed sensor multihop networks.

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“…These include: size, complex refractive index of light, shape of particles, internal structures and concentration (which, if high enough, can lead to multiple scattering). The influence of particle size and their complex light refractive index of the phase function can be easily checked, for example, using Mie theory [3,23,24]. Showing the influence of particle shape and internal structure on the VSF requires the use of numerical methods, for example Mishchenko et al [25] and Yang et al [26], while the effect of multiple scattering on the shape of the angular distribution of scattered light was examined by Piskozub and McKee [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was started by Oishi [3] who, based on computations of Mie scattering, concluded that scattering into 120°p rovides the best correlation. He also claimed that this correlation can be easily used to estimate the depth profiles of backscattering coefficient by measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the spectral-angular properties of light scattered in the Baltic Sea and oil emulsions

Freda

2014

J. Eur. Opt. Soc.-Rapid Publ.

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Angular distributions of scattered light, which are described by one of two forms, i.e. the Volume Scattering Function (VSF) or the phase function, are the least-known optical properties of seawater. This is because there is currently no commercially available instrument commonly used for such measurements. In particular, little is known about the spectral variability of VSF. The spectral properties of VSF can be presented by linear slopes of a scattering spectrum separately for all scattering angles. Through research conducted using a prototype Volume Scattering Meter (VSM), the linear slopes were determined for three Baltic Sea marine regions: open Baltic Sea waters, the Gulf of Gdańsk and the mouth of the Vistula River. In this paper, the spectral slopes of VSFs of those waters are compared with VSFs of oil-in-water emulsions. The optical properties of crude oil extracted from the Baltic seabed, called Petrobaltic, were taken for calculations. The results show that VSFs of oil emulsions differ from those of natural waters, especially close to the perpendicular direction of scattering. For scattering angles between 70°and 120°there is an increase observed for oil emulsions which distinguishes them from VSFs of Baltic waters. While the spectral slopes of VSFs of oil emulsions differ from those of Baltic water across almost the entire angular range, excluding backward directions close to 180°.

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Significant relationship between the backward scattering coefficient of sea water and the scatterance at 120°

Cited by 86 publications

References 16 publications

In situ methods for measuring the inherent optical properties of ocean waters

In situ methods for measuring the inherent optical properties of ocean waters

A distributed sensor system for detection of contaminants in the ocean

Comparison of the spectral-angular properties of light scattered in the Baltic Sea and oil emulsions

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