Silences of Grass: Retrieving the Role of Pasture Plants in the Development of New Zealand and the British Empire

Brooking, Tom; Pawson, Eric

doi:10.1080/03086530701523406

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…ASW was thought to have arrived in New Zealand in the early 20th century, probably via trade in pasture seeds or hay used for feed during stock transit [ 54 ]. The earlier reports of low genetic diversity, based on traditional molecular markers [ 21 , 22 ], suggested a limited incursion followed by dispersal and expansion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity in Invasive Populations of Argentine Stem Weevil Associated with Adaptation to Biocontrol

Harrop

Lec

Jáuregui

et al. 2020

Insects

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Modified, agricultural landscapes are susceptible to damage by insect pests. Biological control of pests is typically successful once a control agent has established, but this depends on the agent’s capacity to co-evolve with the host. Theoretical studies have shown that different levels of genetic variation between the host and the control agent will lead to rapid evolution of resistance in the host. Although this has been reported in one instance, the underlying genetics have not been studied. To address this, we measured the genetic variation in New Zealand populations of the pasture pest, Argentine stem weevil (Listronotus bonariensis), which is controlled with declining effectiveness by a parasitoid wasp, Microctonus hyperodae. We constructed a draft reference genome of the weevil, collected samples from a geographical survey of 10 sites around New Zealand, and genotyped them using a modified genotyping-by-sequencing approach. New Zealand populations of Argentine stem weevil have high levels of heterozygosity and low population structure, consistent with a large effective population size and frequent gene flow. This implies that Argentine stem weevils were able to evolve more rapidly than their biocontrol agent, which reproduces asexually. These findings show that monitoring genetic diversity in biocontrol agents and their targets is critical for long-term success of biological control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity in Invasive Populations of Argentine Stem Weevil Associated with Adaptation to Biocontrol

Harrop

Lec

Jáuregui

et al. 2020

Insects

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show abstract

“…Recourse to irrigation and artificial fertilizers meant they were able to maintain agricultural productivity without having to radically alter their farming practices, or philosophy. 108 This is not to say that the droughts had no impact on agricultural practices in the region. The droughts of 1906-7 and 1909-11 gave impetus to large-scale irrigation works in North Otago.…”

Section: Irrigation and Agricultural Changementioning

confidence: 95%

Climate, Science, and Colonization

Beattie¹,

O’Gorman²,

Henry³

2014

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This series presents original, high-quality, and accessible works at the cutting edge of scholarship within the history of science and technology. Books in the series aim to disseminate new knowledge and new perspectives about the history of science and technology, enhance and extend education, foster public understanding, and enrich cultural life. Collectively, these books will break down conventional lines of demarcation by incorporating historical perspectives into issues of current and ongoing concern, offering international and global perspectives on a variety of issues, and bridging the gap between historians and practicing scientists. In this way they advance scholarly conversation within and across traditional disciplines but also to help define new areas of intellectual endeavor.

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“…After the British military's invasion and confiscation of the majority of Māori land within the Waikato region in 1863-1864, Pākehā settlers sought to establish and secure their authority in the newly formed settler colonial state through acts of environmental transformation [18,[62][63][64][65]. Forests were felled or burnt, wetlands drained, hills and plains seeded with thousands of bags of grass seed, and gorse and blackberry hedges were grown to mark farm boundaries, and exotic trees (eucalyptus, oak, pine and plane) planted to shade and absorb unwanted dampness and odours [66][67][68].…”

Section: Colonising the Rivers And Stopping The Waters: 1860s-1900smentioning

confidence: 99%

Decolonising Flooding and Risk Management: Indigenous Peoples, Settler Colonialism, and Memories of Environmental Injustices

Parsons

Fisher

2022

Sustainability

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This paper examines the history of settler-colonialism and how settler-colonial-led policies and projects to remake the landscapes and waterscapes of Aotearoa New Zealand resulted in the production of Indigenous environmental injustices. Underpinned by theorising on ecological justice and decolonisation, we draw on archival sources and oral histories of Māori and Pākehā (European) individuals living in a single river catchment—the Waipā River—to trace how actions to remove native vegetation, drain wetlands, introduce exotic biota, and re-engineer waterways contributed to intensifying incidence of floods. While Pākehā settlers interpreted environmental transformation as inherently positive, Indigenous Māori perceived it as profoundly negative, a form of ecological dispossession. We demonstrate that while Pākehā narrated floods as disaster events, Māori viewed colonisation as the true disaster, with floods and fires merely products of settlers’ mistreatment of the environment. Moreover, the colonial government’s efforts to control floods resulted in Māori being further alienated from and losing access to their rohe (ancestral lands and waters) and witnessing the destruction of their taonga (treasures including forests, wetlands, and sacred sites). For Māori of the Waipā catchment, flood risk management regimes were far more destructive (socially, economically and spiritually) than flood events.

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Silences of Grass: Retrieving the Role of Pasture Plants in the Development of New Zealand and the British Empire

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Genetic Diversity in Invasive Populations of Argentine Stem Weevil Associated with Adaptation to Biocontrol

Genetic Diversity in Invasive Populations of Argentine Stem Weevil Associated with Adaptation to Biocontrol

Climate, Science, and Colonization

Decolonising Flooding and Risk Management: Indigenous Peoples, Settler Colonialism, and Memories of Environmental Injustices

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