Silencing of carbonic anhydrase I enhances the malignant potential of exosomes secreted by prostatic tumour cells

Abstract

We report results showing that the silencing of carbonic anhydrase I (siCA1) in prostatic (PC3) tumour cells has a significant impact on exosome formation. An increased diameter, concentration and diversity of the produced exosomes were noticed as a consequence of this knock‐down. The protein composition of the exosomes' cargo was also altered. Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry analyses identified 42 proteins significantly altered in PC3 siCA1 exosomes compared with controls. The affected proteins are mainly involved in metabolic processes, biogenesis, cell component organization and defense/immunity. Interestingly, almost all of them have been described as ‘enhancers' of tumour development through the promotion of cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Thus, our results indicate that the reduced expression of the CA1 protein enhances the malignant potential of PC3 cells.

Expedition into Exosome Biology: A Perspective of Progress from Discovery to Therapeutic Development

“…Passive exosome formation involves the participation of lipids (ceramide), tetraspanins (CD63), and heat shock proteins independently of ESCRT [ 59 , 60 , 61 ]. Studies have shown localization of lipid metabolizing enzyme sphingomyelinase (SMase) and phospholipase D2 (PLD2) to MVB membrane induces the inward curvature required for exosome formation [ 62 , 63 , 64 ].…”

Membrane-cytoplasm translocation of annexin A4 is involved in the metastasis of colorectal carcinoma

“…Carbonic anhydrases have 14 different isoforms, and the distribution patterns of the isoenzymes differ [ 28 ]. Silencing carbonic anhydrase I enhances the malignant potential of exosomes secreted by prostate tumour cells [ 29 ].…”

Detection of a multi‐disease biomarker in saliva with graphene field effect transistors

“…Several studies have pointed to the importance of the CAs and their inhibitors as an indicator for various diseases (Finkelmeier et al, 2018; Koutnik et al, 2017; Li et al, 2019; Mehta et al, 2018; Zamanova et al, 2019). Of particular importance is the human isozyme CA1, which has been identified as a potential marker of various cancers (breast, oral, colorectal, lung, prostate), ankylosing spondylitis, diabetes, Sjogren's syndrome and pancreatitis (Bánová Vulić et al, 2019; Chang et al, 2010, 2012; Frulloni et al, 2000; Giusti et al, 2007; Hu et al, 2007; Inagaki et al, 1991; Kardoush et al, 2017; Lee et al, 2015; Liu et al, 2012; Peng et al, 2012; Ryu et al, 2006; Torella et al, 2014; Wang et al, 2016; Zheng et al, 2015). Also encouraging for early detection, the level of CA1 can be determined at point of care (POC) by its presence in easily obtained oral fluid (Deutsch et al, 2014).…”