Silicon back contact solar cell configuration: A pathway towards higher efficiency

Desa, Mohd Khairunaz Mat; Sapeai, Suhaila; Azhari, Ayu Wazira; Sopian, Kamaruzzaman; Sulaiman, Muhammad Azwadi; Amin, Nowshad; Zaidi, Saleem H.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2016.03.004

Cited by 67 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…For example, it is also a destructive method, and replacement or infusion of parts is costlier than in the TLM method. The front metallization is applied at the front of the silicon solar cells, usually with Ag contacts [20,21] for the surface layer, and full-surface aluminum contacts (Al) with soldering contacts on the back layer of the cell. One of the tendencies is the reduction of the cover value of the front side of the solar cell with metal contacts [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Different Electrical Parameters of Solar Cells with Silver Front Electrodes

2019

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This work presents comparison results of the selected electrical parameters of silicon solar cells manufactured with silver front electrodes which were co-fired in an infrared belt furnace in the temperature range of 840–960 °C. The commercial paste (PV19B) was used for the metallization process. Electrical properties of a batch of solar cells fabricated in one cycle were investigated. Three methods were used, including measurement of the current-voltage characteristics (I-V), measurement of contacts’ resistivity using the transmission Line model method (TLM), and measurement of contacts’ resistivity using the potential difference method (PD). This work is focused on both the different metallization temperatures of co-firing of solar cells and measurements using the above-mentioned methods. It is shown that the solar cell parameters measured with three methods have different, but strongly correlated values. Moreover, the comparative analysis was performed of the investigations of the same photovoltaic solar cells using both the TLM method and independent research stands (including one non-commercial and two commercial ones) at three different scientific units. In the PD and TLM methods, the same calculation formulae are used. It can be stated, comparing methods I-V, PD, and TLM, that for each, different parameters are determined to assess the electrical properties of the solar cell.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Different Electrical Parameters of Solar Cells with Silver Front Electrodes

2019

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“…For silicon types of PV technology, the highest module conversion efficiency is achieved by SunPower and Panasonic through Interdigitated Back Contact (IBC) and Heterojunction IBC structure at 22.8% and 24.4% respectively. The IBC structure allow more light capture by eliminating front busbar that common in silicon PV module structure [17]. For type III-V material category, highest efficiency was attained at 25.1% and 31.2% for single and three junctions respectively at non-concentrating irradiation.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Photovoltaic (Pv)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Grid-Connected PV Generation System—Components and Challenges: A Review

Hariri

Desa

Masri³

et al. 2020

Energies

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Renewable energy (RE) has become a focal point of interest as an alternative source of energy to the traditional fossil fuel and other energy sources due to the fact that it is more environmentally friendly, abundant and economically feasible. Many countries aggressively promote feed-in tariff schemes and solar photovoltaic (PV) systems have become one of the fastest growing RE sources that can be integrated into the grid distribution network. This paper reviews the recent development of grid-connected PV (GPV) generation systems comprising of several sub-components such as PV modules, DC-DC converter, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique, and an inverter. In addition, various grid synchronization and islanding detection methods are elaborated. The future key challenges to build a smart and efficient GPV generation system were also presented.

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“…ESP as an alternative metallization processing route for IBC is illustrated in Figure . Such a process starts with a full‐faced PVD metal stack of aluminum and copper on the rear side of the cell, similar to highly efficient IBC solar cell configurations shown in literature . With the ESP process, the copper part of the stack can be patterned in the desired IBC design, so that the trenches are free of any residuals (Figure B).…”

Section: Approach Theory and Experimental Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective seed layer patterning of PVD metal stacks by electrochemical screen printing for solar cell applications

Gensowski

Kamp

Efinger

et al. 2019

Progress in Photovoltaics

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A proof of principle for electrochemical screen printing (ESP) as a patterning process for thin metal stacks that can be employed, eg, in interdigitated back contact (IBC) or silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells, is demonstrated. By using the ESP process, a 125 × 125-mm 2 interdigitated back contact grid was successfully patterned into a 100-nm physical vapor deposited (PVD) aluminum layer. Optimizations of the ESP process were performed to improve the patterning resolution. Rectangular trenches with a mean width of 36 ± 5 μm could be demonstrated on a 100-nm-thick aluminum layer. Up to now, ESP can be applied to PVD aluminum, copper, or stacks of both materials. Finally, metal stacks of aluminum and copper were structured, which allow a more homogeneous current distribution for the ESP process and additionally for the subsequent copper electroplating because of the second metal layer underneath the layer to be structured. The successful transfer from wafer substrate to polymer foils increases the application options of ESP technology enormously, where the topography of the surface to be structured affects the printing results. KEYWORDSAl/Cu stack, electrochemical etching, flexible circuit board, interdigitated back contact (IBC) solar cell, plating, screen printing, silicon, water-based printing pasteThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Silicon back contact solar cell configuration: A pathway towards higher efficiency

Cited by 67 publications

References 95 publications

Correlation of Different Electrical Parameters of Solar Cells with Silver Front Electrodes

Correlation of Different Electrical Parameters of Solar Cells with Silver Front Electrodes

Grid-Connected PV Generation System—Components and Challenges: A Review

Selective seed layer patterning of PVD metal stacks by electrochemical screen printing for solar cell applications

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